UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

GCE Advanced Subsidiary Level and GCE Advanced Level

MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2007 question paper

9702 PHYSICS
9702/04 Paper 4 (A2 Structured Questions), maximum raw mark 100

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of
the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not
indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began.

All Examiners are instructed that alternative correct answers and unexpected approaches in
candidates’ scripts must be given marks that fairly reflect the relevant knowledge and skills
demonstrated.

Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the
examination.

• CIE will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes.

CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2007 question papers for most IGCSE,
GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level
syllabuses.
 Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
GCE A/AS LEVEL – October/November 2007 9702 04

Section A

1 (a) (i) angle subtended at centre of circle ....................................................................... B1

arc equal in length to the radius ........................................................................... B1 [2]

(ii) arc = rθ and for one revolution, arc = 2πr ............................................................. M1

so, θ = 2πr/r = 2π .................................................................................................. A0 [1]

(b) (i) either weight provides/equals the centripetal force

or acceleration of free fall is centripetal acceleration .................................... B1
9.8 = 0.13 × ω2 ...................................................................................................... M1
ω = 8.7 rad s-1 ....................................................................................................... A0 [2]

(ii) force in cord = weight + centripetal force (can be an equation) .......................... C1

force in cord = (L – 13) × 5/1.8 or force constant = 5.0/1.8 ................................ C1
(L – 13) × 5/1.8 = 5.0 + 5/9.8 × L × 10-2 × 8.72 .................................................. C1
L = 17.2 cm ........................................................................................................... A1 [4]
(constant centripetal force of 5.0 N gives L = 16.6 cm allow 2/4)

2 (a) (i) pV = nRT

V = (8.31 × 300)/(1.02 × 105) ............................................................................... C1
= 0.0244 m3 (if uses Celsius, then 0/2) .......................................................... A1 [2]

(ii) volume occupied by one atom = 0.0244 / (6.02 × 1023) = 4.06 × 10-26 m3 ............ M1
separation ≈ 3√(4.06 × 10-26) ................................................................................ A1
= 3.44 × 10-9 m ................................................................................... A0 [2]

(b) (i) F = GMm / r2 ....................................................................................................... C1

= (6.67 × 10-11 × {4 × 1.66 × 10-27}2) / (3.44 × 10-9)2 .......................................... C1
= 2.49 × 10-46 N ................................................................................................ A1 [3]

(ii) ratio = (4 × 1.66 × 10-27 × 9.8) / 2.49 × 10-46 ........................................................ C1

= 2.6 × 1020 .......................................................................................................... A1 [2]

(c) assumption that forces between atoms are negligible ................................................. B1

comment e.g. ratio shows gravitational force to be very small
e.g. force is very much less than weight
e.g. if there are forces, they are not gravitational ....................................... B1 [2]

© UCLES 2007
 Page 3 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
GCE A/AS LEVEL – October/November 2007 9702 04

3 (a) (i) 0.8 cm ................................................................................................................... B1 [1]

(ii) (max.) kinetic energy = 2.56 mJ ........................................................................... C1

v(MAX) = ωa ............................................................................................................ C1
(max.) kinetic energy = ½mω2a2 or ½mω2 (a2 – x2) ............................................ C1
2.56 × 10-3 = ½ × 0.130 × ω2 × (0.8 × 10-2)2 .......................................................... M1
ω = 24.8 rad s-1 ..................................................................................................... C1
f = ω/2π ................................................................................................................ M1
= 4.0 Hz (3.95 Hz) .............................................................................................. A0 [6]

(b) (i) line parallel to x-axis at 2.56 mJ ........................................................................... B1 [1]

(ii) 1 4.0 Hz ................................................................................................................ B1

2 0.50 cm (allow ±0.03 cm) ................................................................................ B1 [2]

4 (a) (i) either lines directed away from sphere

or lines go from positive to negative
or line shows direction of force on positive charge ....................................... M1
so positively charged ............................................................................................ A1 [2]

(ii) either all lines (appear to) radiate from centre

or all lines are normal to surface of sphere ................................................... B1 [1]

(b) tangent to curve ........................................................................................................... B1

in correct position and direction ................................................................................... B1 [2]

(c) (i) V = (0.76 × 10-9) / (4π × 8.85 × 10-12 × 0.024) ..................................................... C1

= 285 V ........................................................................................................... A1 [2]

(ii) negative charge is induced on (inside of) box ...................................................... M1

formula applies to isolated (point) charge
OR less work done moving test charge from infinity .......................................... A1
so potential is lower .............................................................................................. A1 [3]

(d) either gravitational field is always attractive

or field lines must be directed towards both box and sphere .............................. B1 [1]

© UCLES 2007
 Page 4 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
GCE A/AS LEVEL – October/November 2007 9702 04

5 (a) e.g. separate charges, store energy, smoothing circuit. etc. ....................................... B1 [1]
(allow ‘stores charge’)

(b) (i) charge = current × time ........................................................................................ B1 [1]

(ii) area is 21.2 cm2 (allow ±0.5 cm2) ....................................................................... C2

(allow 1 mark if outside ±0.5 cm2 but within ±1.0 cm2)
1.0 cm2 represents (0.125 × 10-3 × 1.25 =) 156 µC .............................................. C1
charge = 3300 µC ................................................................................................. A1 [4]

(iii) capacitance = Q/V .............................................................................................. C1

= (3300 × 10-6) / 15
= 220 µF .............................................................................................................. A1 [2]

(c) either energy = ½CV2 or energy = ½QV and C = Q/V ................................................. C1

½ × C × 152 = 2 × ½ × C × V2 ...................................................................................... C1
V = 10.6 V ................................................................................................................... A1 [3]

6 (a) (i) BI sinθ .................................................................................................................. B1 [1]

(ii) (downwards) into (the plane of) the paper ............................................................ B1 [1]

(b) (i) magnetic field (due to current) in one loop OR each loop acts as a coil ............... B1
cuts/is normal to current in second loop OR produces magnetic field .............. B1
causing force on second loop OR fields in same direction ............... M1
either Newton’s 3rd discussed
or vice versa clear gives rise to attraction OR so attracts ................................... A1 [4]

(ii) B = 2 × 10-7 I/0.75 × 10-2 (= 2.67 × 10-5 I) ............................................................. C1

force = 0.26 × 10-3 × 9.81 (= 2.55 × 10-3 N) ......................................................... C1
F = BIL
2.55 × 10-3 = 2.67 × 10-5 × I2 × 2π × 4.7 × 10-2 .................................................... C1
I = 18 A ................................................................................................................. A1 [4]

© UCLES 2007
 Page 5 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
GCE A/AS LEVEL – October/November 2007 9702 04

7 (a) energy required to (completely) separate the nucleons (in a nucleus) ........................ B1 [1]

(b) (i) U labelled near right-hand end of line ................................................................... B1

Ba and Kr in approximately correct positions ....................................................... B1 [2]

(ii) binding energy is A × EB ....................................................................................... B1

either binding energy of U < binding energy of (Ba + Kr)
or EB of U < EB of (Ba + Kr) ........................................................................... B1 [2]

(c) Krypton-92 reduced to 1/8 in 9 s ................................................................................. M1

in 9 s, very little decay of Barium-141 .......................................................................... M1
so, approximately 9 s .................................................................................................. A1 [3]
OR
λKr = 0.231 or λBa = 6.42 × 10-4 (M1)
-λB × t -λK × t
8=e /e (C1)
t = 9.0 s (A1)

© UCLES 2007
 Page 6 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
GCE A/AS LEVEL – October/November 2007 9702 04

Section B

8 (a) (i) - 9 V

(ii) + 9 V (both (i) and (ii) correct for the mark) ........................................................ B1 [1]

(b)

.......................................................................................................................... B1

.......................................................................................................................... B1
  .......................................................................................................................... B1 [3]
(no e.c.f. from (a))

(c) (i) cct: thermistor and resistor in series ………………………………………………...M1

output connections across thermistor ................................................................... A1 [2]

(ii) as temperature decreases, thermistor resistance increases ................................ B1

p.d. across thermistor = RT / (R + RT) × V ........................................................... M1
as RT increases, output increases ........................................................................ A1 [3]

9 (a) product of density (of medium) and speed of sound (in medium) ............................... B1 [1]

(b) difference in acoustic impedance ................................................................................ M1

determines fraction of incident intensity
that is reflected/amount of reflection ............................................................................ A1 [2]

(c) pulse of ultrasound (directed into body) ...................................................................... B1

reflected at boundary (between tissues) ...................................................................... B1
(reflected pulse is) detected and processed ................................................................ B1
time for return of echo gives (information on) depth .................................................... B1
amount of reflection gives information on tissue structures ......................................... B1 [5]

10 (a) (i) amplitude (modulated) (allow ‘AM’) ..................................................................... B1 [1]

(ii) carrier (frequency / wave) ..................................................................................... B1 [1]

(iii) sideband (frequency) ............................................................................................ B1 [1]

(b) 10 kHz ......................................................................................................................... B1 [1]

(c) sketch: general shape i.e. any wave that is amplitude modulated .............................. M1
correct period for modulating waveform (200 µs) ....................................................... A1
correct period for carrier waveform (20 µs) ................................................................ A1 [3]

© UCLES 2007
 Page 7 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
GCE A/AS LEVEL – October/November 2007 9702 04

11 (a) carrier frequencies can be re-used (simultaneously without interference) ................... B1

so that number of handsets possible is increased ....................................................... B1
OR anything sensible e.g. UHF used (B1)
so ‘line of sight’ (B1) [2]

(b) handset sends out an (identifying) signal .................................................................... M1

communicated by base stations to (computer at) exchange ....................................... A1
computer selects base station with strongest signal ................................................... B1
and allocates a (carrier) frequency .............................................................................. B1 [4]

© UCLES 2007