THE

BLACK CAT

BY

EDGAR ALLAN POE

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 COPYRIGHT INFORMATION

Short Story: “The Black Cat”

Author: Edgar Allan Poe, 1809–49
First published: 1843

The original short story is in the public domain in the

United States and in most, if not all, other countries as well.
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FOR the most wild yet most homely narrative which I am
about to pen, I neither expect nor solicit belief. Mad indeed
would I be to expect it, in a case where my very senses reject
their own evidence. Yet, mad am I not—and very surely do I
not dream. But to-morrow I die, and to-day I would
unburden my soul. My immediate purpose is to place before
the world, plainly, succinctly, and without comment, a series
of mere household events. In their consequences, these
events have terrified—have tortured—have destroyed me.
Yet I will not attempt to expound them. To me, they have
presented little but horror—to many they will seem less
terrible than baroques. Hereafter, perhaps, some intellect
may be found which will reduce my phantasm to the
commonplace—some intellect more calm, more logical, and
far less excitable than my own, which will perceive, in the
circumstances I detail with awe, nothing more than an
ordinary succession of very natural causes and effects.
From my infancy I was noted for the docility and
humanity of my disposition. My tenderness of heart was
even so conspicuous as to make me the jest of my
companions. I was especially fond of animals, and was
indulged by my parents with a great variety of pets. With
these I spent most of my time, and never was so happy as
when feeding and caressing them. This peculiarity of
character grew with my growth, and, in my manhood, I
derived from it one of my principal sources of pleasure. To
those who have cherished an affection for a faithful and
sagacious dog, I need hardly be at the trouble of explaining
the nature or the intensity of the gratification thus derivable.
There is something in the unselfish and self-sacrificing love

3
4 THE BLACK CAT

of a brute, which goes directly to the heart of him who has

had frequent occasion to test the paltry friendship and
gossamer fidelity of mere Man.
I married early, and was happy to find in my wife a
disposition not uncongenial with my own. Observing my
partiality for domestic pets, she lost no opportunity of
procuring those of the most agreeable kind. We had birds,
gold-fish, a fine dog, rabbits, a small monkey, and a cat.
This latter was a remarkably large and beautiful animal,
entirely black, and sagacious to an astonishing degree. In
speaking of his intelligence, my wife, who at heart was not a
little tinctured with superstition, made frequent allusion to
the ancient popular notion, which regarded all black cats as
witches in disguise. Not that she was ever serious upon this
point—and I mention the matter at all for no better reason
than that it happens, just now, to be remembered.
Pluto—this was the cat’s name—was my favorite pet
and playmate. I alone fed him, and he attended me wherever
I went about the house. It was even with difficulty that I
could prevent him from following me through the streets.
Our friendship lasted, in this manner, for several years,
during which my general temperament and character—
through the instrumentality of the Fiend Intemperance—had
(I blush to confess it) experienced a radical alteration for the
worse. I grew, day by day, more moody, more irritable, more
regardless of the feelings of others. I suffered myself to use
intemperate language to my wife. At length, I even offered
her personal violence. My pets, of course, were made to feel
the change in my disposition. I not only neglected, but ill-
used them. For Pluto, however, I still retained sufficient
regard to restrain me from maltreating him, as I made no
scruple of maltreating the rabbits, the monkey, or even the
dog, when, by accident, or through affection, they came in
 EDGAR ALLAN POE 5

my way. But my disease grew upon me—for what disease is

like Alcohol!—and at length even Pluto, who was now
becoming old, and consequently somewhat peevish—even
Pluto began to experience the effects of my ill temper.
One night, returning home, much intoxicated, from one
of my haunts about town, I fancied that the cat avoided my
presence. I seized him; when, in his fright at my violence, he
inflicted a slight wound upon my hand with his teeth. The
fury of a demon instantly possessed me. I knew myself no
longer. My original soul seemed, at once, to take its flight
from my body; and a more than fiendish malevolence, gin-
nurtured, thrilled every fibre of my frame. I took from my
waistcoat-pocket a penknife, opened it, grasped the poor
beast by the throat, and deliberately cut one of its eyes from
the socket! I blush, I burn, I shudder, while I pen the
damnable atrocity.
When reason returned with the morning—when I had
slept off the fumes of the night’s debauch—I experienced a
sentiment half of horror, half of remorse, for the crime of
which I had been guilty; but it was, at best, a feeble and
equivocal feeling, and the soul remained untouched. I again
plunged into excess, and soon drowned in wine all memory
of the deed.
In the meantime the cat slowly recovered. The socket of
the lost eye presented, it is true, a frightful appearance, but
he no longer appeared to suffer any pain. He went about the
house as usual, but, as might be expected, fled in extreme
terror at my approach. I had so much of my old heart left, as
to be at first grieved by this evident dislike on the part of a
creature which had once so loved me. But this feeling soon
gave place to irritation. And then came, as if to my final and
irrevocable overthrow, the spirit of PERVERSENESS. Of this
spirit philosophy takes no account. Yet I am not more sure
6 THE BLACK CAT

that my soul lives, than I am that perverseness is one of the

primitive impulses of the human heart—one of the
indivisible primary faculties, or sentiments, which give
direction to the character of Man. Who has not, a hundred
times, found himself committing a vile or a stupid action, for
no other reason than because he knows he should not? Have
we not a perpetual inclination, in the teeth of our best
judgment, to violate that which is Law, merely because we
understand it to be such? This spirit of perverseness, I say,
came to my final overthrow. It was this unfathomable
longing of the soul to vex itself—to offer violence to its own
nature—to do wrong for the wrong’s sake only—that urged
me to continue and finally to consummate the injury I had
inflicted upon the unoffending brute. One morning, in cold
blood, I slipped a noose about its neck and hung it to the
limb of a tree;—hung it with the tears streaming from my
eyes, and with the bitterest remorse at my heart;—hung it
because I knew that it had loved me, and because I felt it had
given me no reason of offence;—hung it because I knew that
in so doing I was committing a sin—a deadly sin that would
so jeopardize my immortal soul as to place it—if such a
thing were possible—even beyond the reach of the infinite
mercy of the Most Merciful and Most Terrible God.
On the night of the day on which this most cruel deed
was done, I was aroused from sleep by the cry of fire. The
curtains of my bed were in flames. The whole house was
blazing. It was with great difficulty that my wife, a servant,
and myself, made our escape from the conflagration. The
destruction was complete. My entire worldly wealth was
swallowed up, and I resigned myself thenceforward to
despair.
I am above the weakness of seeking to establish a
sequence of cause and effect, between the disaster and the
 EDGAR ALLAN POE 7

atrocity. But I am detailing a chain of facts—and wish not to

leave even a possible link imperfect. On the day succeeding
the fire, I visited the ruins. The walls, with one exception,
had fallen in. This exception was found in a compartment
wall, not very thick, which stood about the middle of the
house, and against which had rested the head of my bed. The
plastering had here, in great measure, resisted the action of
the fire—a fact which I attributed to its having been recently
spread. About this wall a dense crowd were collected, and
many persons seemed to be examining a particular portion of
it with very minute and eager attention. The words
“strange!” “singular!” and other similar expressions, excited
my curiosity. I approached and saw, as if graven in bas-relief
upon the white surface, the figure of a gigantic cat. The
impression was given with an accuracy truly marvellous.
There was a rope about the animal’s neck.
When I first beheld this apparition—for I could scarcely
regard it as less—my wonder and my terror were extreme.
But at length reflection came to my aid. The cat, I
remembered, had been hung in a garden adjacent to the
house. Upon the alarm of fire, this garden had been
immediately filled by the crowd—by some one of whom the
animal must have been cut from the tree and thrown, through
an open window, into my chamber. This had probably been
done with the view of arousing me from sleep. The falling of
other walls had compressed the victim of my cruelty into the
substance of the freshly-spread plaster; the lime of which,
with the flames, and the ammonia from the carcass, had then
accomplished the portraiture as I saw it.
Although I thus readily accounted to my reason, if not
altogether to my conscience, for the startling fact just
detailed, it did not the less fail to make a deep impression
upon my fancy. For months I could not rid myself of the
8 THE BLACK CAT

phantasm of the cat; and, during this period, there came back
into my spirit a half-sentiment that seemed, but was not,
remorse. I went so far as to regret the loss of the animal, and
to look about me, among the vile haunts which I now
habitually frequented, for another pet of the same species,
and of somewhat similar appearance, with which to supply
its place.
One night as I sat, half stupefied, in a den of more than
infamy, my attention was suddenly drawn to some black
object, reposing upon the head of one of the immense
hogsheads of gin, or of rum, which constituted the chief
furniture of the apartment. I had been looking steadily at the
top of this hogshead for some minutes, and what now caused
me surprise was the fact that I had not sooner perceived the
object thereupon. I approached it, and touched it with my
hand. It was a black cat—a very large one—fully as large as
Pluto, and closely resembling him in every respect but one.
Pluto had not a white hair upon any portion of his body; but
this cat had a large, although indefinite splotch of white,
covering nearly the whole region of the breast.
Upon my touching him, he immediately arose, purred
loudly, rubbed against my hand, and appeared delighted with
my notice. This, then, was the very creature of which I was
in search. I at once offered to purchase it of the landlord; but
this person made no claim to it—knew nothing of it—had
never seen it before.
I continued my caresses, and, when I prepared to go
home, the animal evinced a disposition to accompany me. I
permitted it to do so; occasionally stooping and patting it as I
proceeded. When it reached the house it domesticated itself
at once, and became immediately a great favorite with my
wife.
 EDGAR ALLAN POE 9

For my own part, I soon found a dislike to it arising

within me. This was just the reverse of what I had
anticipated; but—I know not how or why it was—its evident
fondness for myself rather disgusted and annoyed me. By
slow degrees, these feelings of disgust and annoyance rose
into the bitterness of hatred. I avoided the creature; a certain
sense of shame, and the remembrance of my former deed of
cruelty, preventing me from physically abusing it. I did not,
for some weeks, strike, or otherwise violently ill use it; but
gradually—very gradually—I came to look upon it with
unutterable loathing, and to flee silently from its odious
presence, as from the breath of a pestilence.
What added, no doubt, to my hatred of the beast, was
the discovery, on the morning after I brought it home, that,
like Pluto, it also had been deprived of one of its eyes. This
circumstance, however, only endeared it to my wife, who, as
I have already said, possessed, in a high degree, that
humanity of feeling which had once been my distinguishing
trait, and the source of many of my simplest and purest
pleasures.
With my aversion to this cat, however, its partiality for
myself seemed to increase. It followed my footsteps with a
pertinacity which it would be difficult to make the reader
comprehend. Whenever I sat, it would crouch beneath my
chair, or spring upon my knees, covering me with its
loathsome caresses. If I arose to walk it would get between
my feet and thus nearly throw me down, or, fastening its
long and sharp claws in my dress, clamber, in this manner, to
my breast. At such times, although I longed to destroy it with
a blow, I was yet withheld from so doing, partly by a
memory of my former crime, but chiefly—let me confess it
at once—by absolute dread of the beast.
10 THE BLACK CAT

This dread was not exactly a dread of physical evil—

and yet I should be at a loss how otherwise to define it. I am
almost ashamed to own—yes, even in this felon’s cell, I am
almost ashamed to own—that the terror and horror with
which the animal inspired me, had been heightened by one of
the merest chimeras it would be possible to conceive. My
wife had called my attention, more than once, to the
character of the mark of white hair, of which I have spoken,
and which constituted the sole visible difference between the
strange beast and the one I had destroyed. The reader will
remember that this mark, although large, had been originally
very indefinite; but, by slow degrees—degrees nearly
imperceptible, and which for a long time my reason
struggled to reject as fanciful—it had, at length, assumed a
rigorous distinctness of outline. It was now the
representation of an object that I shudder to name—and for
this, above all, I loathed, and dreaded, and would have rid
myself of the monster had I dared—it was now, I say, the
image of a hideous—of a ghastly thing—of the GALLOWS!—
oh, mournful and terrible engine of Horror and of Crime—of
Agony and of Death !
And now was I indeed wretched beyond the
wretchedness of mere Humanity. And a brute beast—whose
fellow I had contemptuously destroyed—a brute beast to
work out for me—for me, a man fashioned in the image of
the High God—so much of insufferable woe! Alas! neither
by day nor by night knew I the blessing of rest any more!
During the former the creature left me no moment alone, and
in the latter I started hourly from dreams of unutterable fear
to find the hot breath of the thing upon my face, and its vast
weight—an incarnate nightmare that I had no power to shake
off—incumbent eternally upon my heart!
 EDGAR ALLAN POE 11

Beneath the pressure of torments such as these the

feeble remnant of the good within me succumbed. Evil
thoughts became my sole intimates—the darkest and most
evil of thoughts. The moodiness of my usual temper
increased to hatred of all things and of all mankind; while
from the sudden, frequent, and ungovernable outbursts of a
fury to which I now blindly abandoned myself, my
uncomplaining wife, alas, was the most usual and the most
patient of sufferers.
One day she accompanied me, upon some household
errand, into the cellar of the old building which our poverty
compelled us to inhabit. The cat followed me down the steep
stairs, and, nearly throwing me headlong, exasperated me to
madness. Uplifting an axe, and forgetting, in my wrath, the
childish dread which had hitherto stayed my hand, I aimed a
blow at the animal, which, of course, would have proved
instantly fatal had it descended as I wished. But this blow
was arrested by the hand of my wife. Goaded by the
interference into a rage more than demoniacal, I withdrew
my arm from her grasp and buried the axe in her brain. She
fell dead upon the spot without a groan.
This hideous murder accomplished, I set myself
forthwith, and with entire deliberation, to the task of
concealing the body. I knew that I could not remove it from
the house, either by day or by night, without the risk of being
observed by the neighbors. Many projects entered my mind.
At one period I thought of cutting the corpse into minute
fragments, and destroying them by fire. At another, I
resolved to dig a grave for it in the floor of the cellar. Again,
I deliberated about casting it in the well in the yard—about
packing it in a box, as if merchandise, with the usual
arrangements, and so getting a porter to take it from the
house. Finally I hit upon what I considered a far better
12 THE BLACK CAT

expedient than either of these. I determined to wall it up in

the cellar, as the monks of the Middle Ages are recorded to
have walled up their victims.
For a purpose such as this the cellar was well adapted.
Its walls were loosely constructed, and had lately been
plastered throughout with a rough plaster, which the
dampness of the atmosphere had prevented from hardening.
Moreover, in one of the walls was a projection, caused by a
false chimney, or fireplace, that had been filled up and made
to resemble the rest of the cellar. I made no doubt that I
could readily displace the bricks at this point, insert the
corpse, and wall the whole up as before, so that no eye could
detect any thing suspicious.
And in this calculation I was not deceived. By means of
a crowbar I easily dislodged the bricks, and, having carefully
deposited the body against the inner wall, I propped it in that
position, while with little trouble, I re-laid the whole
structure as it originally stood. Having procured mortar,
sand, and hair, with every possible precaution, I prepared a
plaster which could not be distinguished from the old, and
with this I very carefully went over the new brickwork.
When I had finished, I felt satisfied that all was right. The
wall did not present the slightest appearance of having been
disturbed. The rubbish on the floor was picked up with the
minutest care. I looked around triumphantly, and said to
myself: “Here at least, then, my labor has not been in vain.”
My next step was to look for the beast which had been
the cause of so much wretchedness; for I had, at length,
firmly resolved to put it to death. Had I been able to meet
with it at the moment, there could have been no doubt of its
fate; but it appeared that the crafty animal had been alarmed
at the violence of my previous anger, and forbore to present
itself in my present mood. It is impossible to describe or to
 EDGAR ALLAN POE 13

imagine the deep, the blissful sense of relief which the

absence of the detested creature occasioned in my bosom. It
did not make its appearance during the night; and thus for
one night, at least, since its introduction into the house, I
soundly and tranquilly slept; aye, slept even with the burden
of murder upon my soul.
The second and the third day passed, and still my
tormentor came not. Once again I breathed as a free man.
The monster, in terror, had fled the premises for ever! I
should behold it no more! My happiness was supreme! The
guilt of my dark deed disturbed me but little. Some few
inquiries had been made, but these had been readily
answered. Even a search had been instituted—but of course
nothing was to be discovered. I looked upon my future
felicity as secured.
Upon the fourth day of the assassination, a party of the
police came, very unexpectedly, into the house, and
proceeded again to make rigorous investigation of the
premises. Secure, however, in the inscrutability of my place
of concealment, I felt no embarrassment whatever. The
officers bade me accompany them in their search. They left
no nook or corner unexplored. At length, for the third or
fourth time, they descended into the cellar. I quivered not in
a muscle. My heart beat calmly as that of one who slumbers
in innocence. I walked the cellar from end to end. I folded
my arms upon my bosom, and roamed easily to and fro. The
police were thoroughly satisfied and prepared to depart. The
glee at my heart was too strong to be restrained. I burned to
say if but one word, by way of triumph, and to render doubly
sure their assurance of my guiltlessness.
“Gentlemen,” I said at last, as the party ascended the
steps, “I delight to have allayed your suspicions. I wish you
all health and a little more courtesy. By the bye, gentlemen,
14 THE BLACK CAT

this—this is a very well-constructed house,” (in the rabid

desire to say something easily, I scarcely knew what I uttered
at all),—“I may say an excellently well-constructed house.
These walls—are you going, gentlemen?—these walls are
solidly put together”; and here, through the mere frenzy of
bravado, I rapped heavily with a cane which I held in my
hand, upon that very portion of the brickwork behind which
stood the corpse of the wife of my bosom.
But may God shield and deliver me from the fangs of
the Arch-Fiend! No sooner had the reverberation of my
blows sunk into silence, than I was answered by a voice from
within the tomb!—by a cry, at first muffled and broken, like
the sobbing of a child, and then quickly swelling into one
long, loud, and continuous scream, utterly anomalous and
inhuman—a howl—a wailing shriek, half of horror and half
of triumph, such as might have arisen only out of hell,
conjointly from the throats of the dammed in their agony and
of the demons that exult in the damnation.
Of my own thoughts it is folly to speak. Swooning, I
staggered to the opposite wall. For one instant the party upon
the stairs remained motionless, through extremity of terror
and awe. In the next a dozen stout arms were toiling at the
wall. It fell bodily. The corpse, already greatly decayed and
clotted with gore, stood erect before the eyes of the
spectators. Upon its head, with red extended mouth and
solitary eye of fire, sat the hideous beast whose craft had
seduced me into murder, and whose informing voice had
consigned me to the hangman. I had walled the monster up
within the tomb.