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Data Model

A relation is a set of tuples that have the same attributes and can be organized into a table with rows and columns. Tuples within a relation have no inherent order and do not impose an order on attributes. Relations can be modified using basic operators and each tuple must be uniquely identifiable by a primary key. Relations that directly store data are called base relations, while other relations derived through operations on base relations are derived relations. Attributes have defined domains that restrict their possible values and additional constraints can restrict values or combinations of values within tuples or entire relations.

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Maham Afridi Afridi
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16 views

Data Model

A relation is a set of tuples that have the same attributes and can be organized into a table with rows and columns. Tuples within a relation have no inherent order and do not impose an order on attributes. Relations can be modified using basic operators and each tuple must be uniquely identifiable by a primary key. Relations that directly store data are called base relations, while other relations derived through operations on base relations are derived relations. Attributes have defined domains that restrict their possible values and additional constraints can restrict values or combinations of values within tuples or entire relations.

Uploaded by

Maham Afridi Afridi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tuple Relation

RELATIONAL DATA BASE MODEL

A relation is defined as a set of tuples that have the same attributes. A relation is usually described as a table, which is organized into rows and columns. All the data referenced by an attribute are in the same domain and conform to the same constraints. The relational model specifies that the tuples of a relation have no specific order and that the tuples, in turn, impose no order on the attributes. Relations can be modified using the insert, delete, and update operators. It is necessary for each tuple of a relation to be uniquely identifiable by some combination (one or more) of its attribute values. This combination is referred to as the primary key.

Base and derived relations


Relations that store data are called "base relations".And in implementations are called "tables".Other relations do not store data, but are computed by applying relational operations to other relations. These relations are sometimes called "derived relations"

Domain
A domain describes the set of possible values for a given attribute, and can be considered a constraint on the value of the attribute. The character data value 'ABC', for instance, is not in the integer domain. The integer value 123, satisfies the domain constraint.

Constraints
Constraints make it possible to further restrict the domain of an attribute. provide one method
of implementing business rules in the database. Constraints restrict the data that can be stored in relations. Constraints can apply to single attributes, to a tuple (restricting combinations of attributes) or to an entire relation. Since every attribute has an associated domain, there are constraints (domain constraints). The two principal rules for the relational model are known as entity integrity and referential integrity.

RELATION

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