ARABIC SketchUp Learning

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> P 6; D P> 9 ) (Shift  J (Eraser Tool) 83
. ( !3; N; e
6\o  % ) 9

68

: Soften Edges
Soften/Smooth ) $ ! N
(   Ctrl)  6; D P> 9  P>
; (Ctrl + Shift) &
7 6; D P> 9  P> !3; N; e
9 (Edges
. (Unsoften/Unsmooth Edges) * K * % K $ 7 J 

: Paint Bucket Tool


=a3
. & $ %  D> S)  z@V J 3
)b.
> S > ; *@ b N; * $ %  Za   
. \ U9
*+ , N; (Paint Bucket) \ 9 * 3+ ) # N; p>@ #_

. )

: Applying Material
Shaded ) , =; JG
( Shaded) JT s * g ; J 3
]% U

. ]% D :>a


; = * a3
`!9 (with Texture

: -  +!Y
Z? *> D E J F( Paint Bucket Tool) p>@ \
;>* NG 86@; (Material Browser) 86@; #_
) N; J_9 & $ Z? b p>@ ;V= a3
&
. $ * 6V
;NG
;> N;   D ; !%> \ ;>* 
K L1 ;  ;* *$ 6
. ;>* N; \ 
69

 V  9 Da b F>S 


& b D P>
P> (Select Tool) \ e Z
 3;  ; S  \ 9 ,
. 7* 3>9  V S   = p>@ p>@  V S   D

: Face Painting Rules


;  b p>S % ; :>a
&* 6V b p>@ ,  ] 
. , P6% &$ ; $ 7
: & 1 b.
1
; e
/F>S 
. M%  D 
p>@ & b M% 
*> p>@9 , \ , b = % O . / N; O \ 9
. p>@ P69 p>@ b J >* 7 /
b 7( L\) s p>@9 ,
 \ , b = % J9 1 9
. p>@ *6V b=
p>@9 , $ ! ;= = / V
; p>@  V $ ! =
. / N; *; ;)*
N; *6V * p>@
$ ! = / V
; p>@
N $ !
. /
:S.4 - o
- 3 A
Edge > Y  o/U <<< Display Settings <<< Window
. 8R K. yb-   IA B4 By Material O8 S8 Color

: Paint Bucket Tool Modifier Keys


  9 7* ; 39 b  Za J 3
N Za p>@
. Alt Shift Ctrl J  8
6;

: Element Fill (No Modifies)


19     P>% ; b D  J
Za p>@
7 19 F>S N (Select Tool) \ e U9 &  \ % 
. Za N;

: Adjacent Fill (Ctrl)


J p>@ U9 / D P>
9 (Ctrl)  6; D P> 9  P>
/ / 3> . / . p>@ P69 (/9 J@;) ; / /
. *  b. J>,  P6%  M 

70

 6;   9 p>@\ e* a9  +  N; \ :*T7Z;


p>@
(Selection Set) \ e  ;* %  J  Ctrl J 
. #1$
: Replace (Shift)
=g p>@ U9 / D P> J>, (Shift)  6; D P> 9  P>
 ! & ;= ; 3& $  P6% =; / J D p>@;

.
J  6; Z
 3; p>@\ e* a9 %  N; \ :*T7Z;
. #1$ \ e& ;* $ %  p>S M>3 Shift
: Adjacent Replace (Ctrl + Shift)
>e p>@ Z\ %h (Ctrl + Shift) N7 6 D P> 9  P>
. / ;= + r$ *@ ;= ) #1$ / D 
M>3 J  8
6; Z
 3; p>@\ e U9 %  N; \ :*T7Z;
. #1$ \ e& ;* $ %  p>S
: Sample Material (Alt)
 D p>@ N; F Alt  6; D P> 9  P>
a1 E J F Ng N;  .\) (Sample Tool)
. (Eyedropper)
71

> D P /.


 \ ; .
 / )7 (Sample ; 6
)  (Alt  D Za p>S /.
  9 ). (Sample
: Painting Groups and Components
Z? N ; J % *  % 6* Ng* >
 9 U . ;  D ; *; J ;: M
\ @>! p Z? *> J_ E ;@ 86 _#
;@ 86 !  >; D 
=>a J 3  D b .
S Z ) (Drop Down List Box>! ; %
\ ;>*  ;  3
  ; N>  &
; NG  ;*;  *$ 61 K .
\  &
 ?>  ; *>; N .
> D P*  &
 ?>=     9 DaF b
. *9a
Z \e >D P
\ 9 , ; ;= ;  ; % ;  3
\e U9 @> p p>S= *3>97 .
; :*T7Z  Ng /*  9 p>S , M ) 
) :>a
J>, (*S  = D* $ M Da N /
:Z
 9  O; .
  r ); ;* @ ?o &$@  * J>, F>S ,=g
  D b. %.   r ); ;* @ ?o  19
) ). *S

72

0Q ,
: Drawing tools
O Sb14 0Q !"  S8 0-/,A S :
 ) (Drawing tools&
] ) &
 J 3 .  J
b.)
_ J  (The Line Tool) #V 1 ) (The Arc Tool
 !) (The Freehand Tool (The Rectangle Tool) Ja3
+ ) (The Circle Tool . (The Polygon Tool) =G
.  ]
&aF
J@6&
&$ T

:Line Tool
a\  J 3
(Line Tool) #V $ 7 $ 7 ;  ;@*
G >9  ; *1Fe. / V N (Line Tool) #   G
 31)/
.

_ # #V
) (Line Tool;
; # N
 ;*+ , N
.

Drawing a
:Line
 N aV
 Db
); (faces 7 &$*   @9 ; *@6 N_ J
) !9 ;3 ! (.
!" :E+
-> (Line Tool) E+ =.@L  1 ! LM- .". K
-~  Bb TU . E+. B4
X - 8 LM- SZAY w O  gA + E = I ! 3- +E
!  : S8 = q @R"   B-  & .B
-~  >  K.  Bb  g S +b  8 E B B4
 @A  4f E> B4>q . @-4 E+ R7 B w> 
73

b O O8 S8 E+. w4  B-   "@R  0~  Bb B h


 /!" E+
:B]R.
  T b,A @~ !- K. 3 -U LMb T B B4
R, K + 4RA TU LM- bX. } LM-- . E+

:Creating a Face
V * % &$ D1> (Line Tool) # * % *a1% b
#\ J #V>
b.
@9 *a1% *h>*  #V\ .

\ 
=a3 #\ !9]  E>f P %* ;a1% N* >* .
 aV  1 3; &$ .7
*fZf N; OaV 3; &$ * , 7
 1% &$ =? 1 >*  *
); 
(*17 *% . /

U 9 e *a1% * ) ; *+; (Endpoint inference ToolTip

:F U / 9 \a


 ;3 . V(Line Tool) #
7  r
e $ * 9
 V#

.
:B]R.
U T B /UUY(Window > Display Settings ):
. E- K    (Shaded rendering style) 0.N- U
 wf 4Z   A.
:Splitting a Line
>; % a, 31= V # ; \a 
 *  DV.#
;:ZO \ # a1% D* @ =99 E
) L   #V (&+\
 31V #r D 3; N .N); *O *
 7 aV ;$ ? 1&
a1%* @a\ %; L 3; N.N

74

:Splitting a Face
/ 31 (face's edges) / $ 7 D 1% * %* 9 = ;# \
D / $ 7 7 N; # ;  \3, , Ja3; 
* @ 
.  *9 1; *$ 7

N; r 3 & & a\ . *31; K a\ J\


 \) N7 N;
) &>% J _S ); NVf # ;= \T / #!;
 so  g S &$ J $ , (Profile Edge rendering style
D M1  (Line Tool) #V J . (Display Settings dialog box)
! J _J! ; %> . *\ ;a\ 31
* ; ! #\ ?
.  $ / 31  .  a\ 
* @ #V J; 


:Specifying Precision Line Values


;  #V ? T
(Value Control Box) *1 9  !.$ %
\ 9 ] 8
6* 7 Z 3; #V* ? , !
G= a3
/

(Value Control Box)*1 9  !.$ % &$ #V b


. a
:Entering a Length Value
a>= a9 (Value Control Box) *1 9  !.$ % &$ #V ? 7
(Return) ( Enter)  6; D #Fg #V ** >a1% =g  9 a
#1$ *,* 1= g9 , * ! * 1f 7 * g V3 ; %>.
.
tF9 ,& $ * 7 9  ,) %e 9 *1
! G= a3

.(model units setting )J 7 * g N G


75

:B]R.
.B-   "@R O8 S8 ! 0>  q O>! E+
:Entering a 3D Coordinate
&$ # * \% =g    N (Value Control Box) *1 9 ! .$ %
. (exact coordinate in space) G6& $ & ;!f7
:Entering an Absolute Coordinate
*G9( 3D space) 9)& fZO G6& $ *a1 f7?>=
/1 f7o D J@!. [x, y, z] JO; (brackets)P>
. * ! ! D>* 3% ( absolute coordinates )

:Entering a Relative Coordinate


N ;T N; J,   ; 9 ]aV ** >a1% D>* 3%  f7o 1% 7
.#V ** >a1% N; *>3% $ 3; , & z y x `7 <x, y, z> JO;

:B]R.
Value Control ) B-   "@R O8 S8 "  }> BR R B1 
B.:Q j    .-/,-. 3!R B - .} B /U K. -/A (Box
. [x; y; z] @4 
:Drawing Lines by Inference
Sketch ) a; & ; %> ;!J 3
(Line Tool ) #V
G6& $ ]?a\ =g& $ ]
 3 (Up's sophisticated geometric
*a9 * . (inference decisions) ee; Z . 9)& fZO
(inference engine) ee;!
b. e 1%. (inference lines) e aV  .$ % &$ T

. J J /% . #V N9 *1,


 ;! 1 aV

:Dividing a Line into Equal Segments


,  w4 O  / K  - ,A @-4 (Line segments) E+ Tb
: B4,-
. B8R K. -4 LM-  ~-
(context menu) , B-C  w4A O ( Divide)" , > -
76

 !  TN  K. 4 E+ , .E+


X- LM-  K j  0 . E+ X . " , LM- KX
 S4 4j E+  . " ,
-~  K.  04  E+  " , K / O w4A ", ! E+
 K  , ,- B4 .N/ BbA-

77

:Arc Tool
=a, N;  &
,)  J 3
( Arc Tool) 1
. 7 1 J* &
;13 aV N;
Drawing )  #* + , N; ( Arc Tool ) 1 #_%
. ( Draw menu) * + , N; ( Toolbar

:Drawing an Arc
:jf BI\I 0-2A 0-2A  
. ( starting point ) B4 Bb-
. ( ending point ) B4 Bb -
. ( bulge ) -
 A b N4 /A B4 Bb B4 Bb   B8,-
: !" . (chord length)
T :" . K= .@L  1 ! LM- ( Arc Tool) > -
. 
. . B4 Bb TU ~ -
. LM-  X -
. " , E >4   8 . . B4 Bb TU B I ~ -
"  Tq  B8, TU " ,- E+ K. 4- LM-  X -
(bulge distance) B8,(chord length) A b
Value ) B-  @" R O8 S8 Tb  ( radius ) b p
 4- - !( straight line) " , E >. (Control Box
" ,- E+
. B8, TU B I ~ -
78

: Drawing a Half-Circle
,E; r61 1 V D ( bulge distance) * $ 3; M!39 1
9
Circle ) + L@% e;* Z 9 57e . + L@% D
.+ L@% 1 ;  G ( inference ToolTip

: Drawing Tangentially
N;  9 1
9 & +   ; , T ( Arc Tool ) 1
=g  9 E :9. 7  ;, N* ;a1% *
>a>
; K * %
7  ; , 
* O f ;P> f *% O* a1
&*  $ 3; =g( tangent inference) &  ee3E
.*% O* a1 D P>  9 %

: Pushing and Pulling a Curved Face


,   & b D ( Push/Pull Tool) :O>=   a3

(curved face) 1 / . *T b D )J 3


* $ !
N a3 (Surface entity) 8a  D *  N  ;.
) *1 b N; *; b N; N 
 ; J J
;
.(curved face set

:Specifying Precise Arc Values


(chord length )
 ? T
(Value Control Box) *1 9  !.$ %
.(* * a1% =g  9 ) * $ 3; T
f( ** >a1% =g  9 ) 1
N (Value Control Box) *1 9  !.$ %

79

lengths for the ) & ) 


 a *?>G\ )? o   
radius ) a1 L@% *, (bulge distance) * $ 3; (base chord
. ( number of segments ) =a1  (value
:B]R.
current file units ) B R p.-  X  0-/, ! 
  X  4RA N4 T b,A . E8 B4 B-  Tb o- ( setting
   1 2A o S8 
./ X : S8 X BX S8 TUA X .p.-  X
( Units panel of the Model Info dialog box ) -

: Entering a Chord Length


1* 9 *a1% =g  9 ( chord length) 1* ?
 , !
> . (Value Control Box) *1 9  !.$ % &$ a a?>=
(-6.5") JO; M 3 9 *1 7 & !  b 
e P  b 
e& $ 
]%
:B]R.
S8 ! 0>  A q K jQA ( !Arc Tool) 
. (Value Control Box) B-   "@R O8

: Specifying a Bulge Distance


@9 1 a, L@% ( bulge distance) 1 % *$ 3; !
=a3

Value ) *1 9  !.$ % &$ *;Z  . 1  \ ?


 9 *1,
.(Bulge) % D ? N;F (Control Box
Value Control ) *1 9  !.$ % &$ ( bulge length) ?>= ? 
( Return ) ( Enter )  6; D P> f * * a1% =g  9 (Box
]  9 1
 Z\ ; ( bulge distance ) * $ 3; = \ a3
.
80

(Value Control Box ) *1 9  !.$ % &$ T


* ? , ? 
 f  . P  b 
e& $ ,  G    N *>  % , .
. 

: Specifying a Radius Value


a1 L@% *, =>?. * $ 3; N; e9 1 a, L@% !
=a3

( 24r or 3'6"r or 5mr):ZO; ('r',) 7 b 9 M a


N
 9  * Z\ ] J =a3
(Return ) ( Enter ) P> f
.  ;> 1
:Specifying The Number of Segments
=>a9 ] ( arc segments) 1= &  ; a1=
!  a3

Value ) *1 9  !.$ % &$ ( 's' ) !b 9 M


 a 
 \ 9 ( Return ) ( Enter )  6; D P> f . ( Control Box
 * Z\ ] J =a3
.( arc segment number ) 1= a, 
.  ;> 1 N
 9

81

: Freehand Tool
a\ *T; F o(  Freehand Tool) ]  !8

% ( Curve entities) *1; %  J D 7 3; &$ =1


*@;
(Curve entities) *1 %  ( 3d Polyline entities ) 9)* fZf
G >9 *a>
; ; #\ =a, N;

&.b D 31
&
! $ 7 #V (
@ curves ) ! b.
*31 %  .0" >  @4  jf  > /%!` 9 *@;
*1  #+V& $ * aV JO 6; (
Curve entities)
) * >a ) N ;K( contour map) * >a P G JO9
. ( organic shapes
N; ( Draw menu ) * + , N; ;( Freehand Tool)  !#_

. (Drawing toolbar)  #


: B X\
jQ  AY /} B I\h ( 3d Polyline entities ) 4\  
S8 @ wO . B4q 0@2 K.  IA( inference snaps) Y!
. 3f- K B .@L 0 :QA p NA  0:

82

: Drawing Curves
;J N *@6; * g; b D  g N (Curves) !
. (axes plane) 3 ;! D ( ;! existing geometry )
: ( Curve) SR "!
". K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Freehand Tool) R >  -
. SR T
. SR- B4 Bb TU ~@  -! T ~ -
. "!. LM- R! -
"! B .- 4} LM-  X -

Bb! y.1 0@L "!  "!  S Bb K. 3b> S -
(Freehand Tool) R 

: Drawing a 3D Polyline
r6, 
e 9o* fZO ( 3d Polyline entities ) Ne &> % 
J 3
 .*1? U9 J_ D fU
( inference snaps) e
2D ) 9)* + f.; * \9 N ;3  3e
9)* fZO >& a\. D  JS 6
J  (sketching
) ;J N *@6; * g; b D  g N ( 3D polylines)
. ( existing geometry
83

: ( 3D polyline entity ) /} SI\I S  E> !" 


T ". K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Freehand Tool) R >  -
. SR
. (Shift) Q K. ~@  -! T ~ -
R  Bb! Eb+-. B4 Bb TU ~@  -! T ~ -
.(Freehand Tool)
. "!. LM- R! -
. "!  4} LM-  X -
: B X\
3D polyline's ) / }SI\h S  E !  >B-C  (Explode) >
Freehand Sketch ) R  Eb+ 04R ( context menu
. 8R  " 0@L K .

84

: Rectangle Tool
Ja3 / %   J 3
( Rectangle Tool ) Ja3
.a J_ N; N3 ; N D P> 9 !
N; ( Draw menu ) * + , N; ;( Rectangle Too) Ja3 #_

. (Drawing toolbar)  #

: Drawing a Rectangle
*  7 &$ ( ;faces) b D Za3  N
.(  ! 3; ! 9 ) J_ N *@6; @9
:0 b, "!
". K = .@L  1 ! LM- . ( Rectangle Tool ) 0 b,- > -
.0 b, T
.0 b,-. K B4j Bb TU ~ -
.B,/- B4j K  LM-  X -
. 0 b,-. B h B4j Bb TU B I ~ -

: Drawing a Square
:T "! . (Rectangle Tool ) 0 b,- !"  A /-
Bb K. ( ~ Rectangle Tool ) 0 b,- > -
.K B4j
85

A ) E b E!  >B,/- B4j K  LM-  X -


@A  ( Y!Y T B4!  ! ( diagonal dotted line
.T- !   O T- S8
. B I ~ -

:Entering Precise Dimensions


. (Value Control Box) *1 9  !.$ % &$ h T
Ja3 9
* D P>  9 ; .$ & $  >a9 *!!@ 9)=
! a3

. ;> Ja3   9
current file units ) B R p.-  X  0-/, !  
  X  4RA N4 T b,A . E8 B4 B-  Tb o- ( setting
. B I S8 X B /U    1 2A o S8 
: B X\
Value Control ) B-   "@R BO8 S8 ( 3') 0h B.:8 B-  o.>
K ! Sh  /  / K. ybA  !4Z B-  ( Box
Sh  / E8 O8 S8 B-  "I B.:8 o/q B4b ~ Q . y, 
.  1 !

: rawing Rectangles by Inference


& ee J 3
( Rectangle Too ) Ja3
]
 3 ( sophisticated a geometric analysis engine ) a
. 9)& fZO G6& $ / . Ja3= g
*a9 J (
inference decisions) ee ,
e aV  .$ % &$ T
nference engine) ee;!
.( inference points)e 1% ( inference lines)

86

b.1 aV
 ;! N9 *1,a3 J. /%J
 .
h- : 7  % *a1% D E* )! ( endpoint ; *$ f
7  9 E $&
 !; b )\ (an axial direction#
ee ; #1= 1% ee )T (ToolTip . b.1

_  D !; ]%  ]
Da1* )\
=a3 G
From ) J 3
( Point inference  Ja3 &$ 3 ; ; F
). (non-orthogonal planes

87

: Circle Tool
Circle ) + #_% . +   J 3
( Circle Tool) + 
 # N( ;Draw menu ) * + , N ( ; ;Tool
. (Drawing toolbar)
: Drawing a Circle
) N@* 6; @9 ;b D  g N +
: C !" . (  ! 3; ! 9 ) 
. C" . K = .@L  1 ! LM- . C > -
. C j TU ~ -
p B- . C b p 4R C j   / LM-  X -
Value ) B-   "@R O8 S8  ! ( radius value ) b
Tb B-   4RA 3@-4 LM- 34R 3  I ( Control Box
. ( Return ) ( Enter ) Q K. ~" I O8 S8 b p
( segmentation) C. ,Y  4RA N4 T b,A
. O- O8 S8
. C } B I ~ -
:B X\
center of ) C j TU LM-. 3  -! @~ N4 T b,A
) C b p TU E1N B f >R, " I ( the circle
. C - }LM-  X . ( radius
segmentation) C. ,Y (  radius ) C b p " 
(Value Control Box) B-   "@R O8 -/! 4RA @-4 (
. C !" / L

:Inference Locking
+& $ ( ;
Shift)  6; D P> ;=  P>
.(circle's orientation) + /
J61 ( Circle Tool)
: Specifying Precise Circle Values
) a1 L@% *, T
(Value Control Box) *1 9  !.$ %
a1 L@% *, !
G= a3
. + 9 1
9 ( radius
.$    9 (line segments) + #= \a, * ,9 ( radius )
.
88

: Specifying an Exact Radius Value


Value ) *1 9  !.$ % &$ ( radius ) a1 L@% *, 7
+ r* ;a1% =g  9 a a1 L@% *, =>a9 (Control Box
].9 >1 ( Return ) ( Enter )  6; D P> f (center point)
. +
 
J>, ) ( ;> radius ) + a, L@% !
 G= a3

P> .$ & $ a1 L@% *, =>a9 + 


 9 ]; \(
. ( Return ) ( Enter )  6; D

: Specifying The Number of Segments


) =a1  T (Value Control Box) *1 9  !.$ %
#_
( Circle Tool) + ; M% ( number of segments
. ( initially activated) 
&$ *1>= a9 + r* a1% =g P> J>, .$ & $ M%  7
. .$ 


 9 ( *$ g  J>, ) $ =a1 
!  G= a3

D P> .$ & $( 's' ) !9  >


?* 3>9 =a1>=  a9 ] +
. ( Return ) ( Enter )  6;
9 ]; , N7 D  + \ D  & J_9 :>a ; 31%e
D :>a +   9 
!3, . ( tools)  )F
  +
.  +\

89

:Polygon Tool
** T= G %   J 3
(Polygon Tool) =G
. M%  - =; (a circle ) + Ng
N; ( Draw menu ) * + , N; ;( ( Polygon Tool) =G #_

. (Drawing toolbar)  #

: Drawing a Polygon
R ) B.Q 24 f wf K. T.N- TU@ -4
:(Polygon) T.N "! . (R-  ,-
. T.N T ". K = .@L  1 ! LM- T.N- > -
(enter point of the polygon) T.N- j Bb TU ~ -
) B-   "@R O8 S8 T.N-  f  4RA N4 T b,A .
.( Value Control Box
b p BR8 . T.N-  b p 4R j-   / LM-  X -
Tb 4f b p 4RA T b, LM-  R  O8 S8  A
. ( Return ) ( Enter ) Q ~@ / "I b B- 

L / . T.N- \  B I  ,4 LM- K. ~ -


T8  f >R, T.N- j TU B I @~ T b,A
T.N-  - }LM-  X . b p TU LM- @~ 
. ( polygon )
90

: Inference Locking
Polygon ) =G 9 ( Shift key)  6; D ]& $  P>
. (lock the polygon's orientation) =G /
J61 * $ (Tool

: Entering Exact Radius and Segment Values


J6) N )M% & $ ( Value Control Box ) *1 9  !.$ %
) L& $ =G a, L@% M%  T ; %> .$ % N;
*S V  ; 7 S &$ (Units panel ) D3( document
 !.$ % &$ 1 LV; J\  G 9 ]; ,  f . 9
) ( Enter )  6; D P>( Value Control Box) *1 9
.( Return

: Entering the Number of Sides


M%>  1 *@; ( Value Control Box ) *1 9  !.$ %
Polygon ) =G #_
; ( number polygon sides ) =G
 _. (radius) a1 L@% \ J>1 .$   . (Tool
f a>=   a9 M%  J\
] . ] ] )g  9 b %
  9 !9 1
, . - -h -  ( '8s'): O; .('s') !9 / >

. *1
] D= ) G G /=
 G; \ D :>a =G

:Entering a Radius Value


*1\ o ( Value Control Box ) *1 9  !.$ % =   a3

L@% ?>= ?. / r* a1% ] g  9 =G a, L@ &



 6; D P >f (Value Control Box) *1 9  !.$ % &$ a1
=a3
. (radius) a1 L* @1,* , \ o ( Return ) ( Enter )
. (a polygon) =G 
 9  f * ; g F

91

T, 0Q
:Modification Tools 04/
) J  J 3
& ( & ) modification tools) J 
83 ( Push/Pull Tool) #> )b. NG
. * !
. (Select Tool) \ e ( Eraser Tool)
. ( Tools menu ) *+ 1 Ng ;J@6 .

:Move Tool
y3%( stretch) #;( move) ]!
( Move Tool) * ] !8

.  %( rotate) G J 3


.( ) copy)
Modification ) J  #   9 ( Move Tool) * !#_%
(Tools menu) * )+ ,   9 ( toolbar
92

:Moving Geometry .
& % ( ! ?  entities) %  D P> D
! e ]%
.( ,$ E N   D7 ) E >= %   \, !
MK

: BR \ -/, @ 34R


S !" K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Select Tool) > Y > -
.wZAY
. @4RA S8 gA S > @  -
S !" K = .@L  1 ! LM- ( Move Tool) BR > -
.wZAY
B/ Bb .(Move Tool)BR B .- @  K. X ~  -
.( Move point) BR Bb K-,A  . o, S @  K.
. LM- 34R 3  I RA @  !34R LM-  X -
B4 B4(    inference line) Y!Y E> N4! 
T b,A . (VCB)B-   "@R O8 S8  BR B8,  ! BR.
.XY 2! - B / B8, TbA  N4
:B]R.
SI\h  NQ S8 R- 0 , (inference lines) Y!Y b> TA
  @ >4 X RA Bb@ -  4 > /
. ( b-  Z  @RA  0/QA - ) Z  Z  @ RA
B .-/ ( } destination point ) B /- Bb K. ~ -

93

:Select and Move


\  e ] \  J>, ( Move Tool) * !#_
=a3

*  * )* a1 8>@


(click point) P>* a1% \ . !6;
: =@4RA>   Y. *!
S !" K = .@L  1 ! LM- ( Move Tool) BR > -
.wZAY
. =@4R @ K. ~ -
.LM- BX T ! +- @  . @ 34R LM-  X -
B .-/ ( } destination point ) B /- Bb K. ~ -
:B X\
R! @  > @  >EA =@4R A O  @ 
. 3 O 8 /A

: Inference Locking During Move


 6; D P>  9 (inference lock) ee J6, *  %= a3

J6, .( Move Tool) * !Z\ J>, (Shift key)


K (inference engine) ee ;! D1> (inference lock)ee
. & $ ) )\9 fU;
:Moving Groups and Components
&$ D1> > (face) / 9 *1@;( component) > %
> y3% . /9 *1@; K 8>@
N! ;
!/ ] 3; P6%
3& $ G :@
( Copies of a glued component ) *1@
. &S)

: Stretching Geometry
M37 J_( stretch) # ; %> bF9 #>
; K ;
! @
. *1a b.9 b $ ! 1=
!] a3
. G

:h
,  -X wZA p.+ K @= 4RA @-4 S  ( Face entity) =f 
: f-  wZA K. K

94

S8 . ",Z E- (single line segments) Q E> Tb 34RA N4 T b,A
SR p! 0-/ wZAY S8 K. K  X E> " > A S   h-
. ( sloped roof )

:Moving/Stretching With Auto fold


* ; ; * !h (Auto fold faces) b a ; %>
(non-planar) 3 P6% &$ =1
e b(
 stretch) #( move)
:h.
&$ J6) D /7 ( Move Tool) * !U9 S N D P>
. @D) / ? D ( fold line ) /? #\  )b 
e

95

: Forcing Auto fold Behavior


e* 3; b = 19 K * :  ; %> ; 7) t 9 &$
:h .*$ go( fold lines) &a a\ :V
*$ !!] 9  3 #1$ (move tool) * !U9 S *$ 7 D P>
= a3
. (  ) b 
& $ P ( G\ 7& ) 1$ b 
& $
J>, (ALT key)  6 D ]  P> 9 3 .

Auto )&[& a * Ja
N; ]
 6 * g b. . * !
.b
. b 
e& $ *!9 J_!] 9 ] 83
( fold

: Making Copies
(copies) y3% J     N ( Move Tool) !19  
( Move Tool) R  -/!  , 0-/ . Ng % 
:
"! K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Select Tool) > Y > -
.S
. >,! !S ( entities) > @ -
S !" K = .@L  1 ! LM- ( Move Tool) BR > -
.wZAY
. u AQ- BX S8 (Ctrl key) Q- K. ~@ S8 -! ~ -
. +- @  , 44 3"  ./! B .-/ wO
. ,. +- ( entities) @ K. ~ -
LM-  RA T ! +- @  , @ , LM-  X -
.

96

oR: B+,,- @  . , B .- - } }Bb K. ~ -


+  g B .: @  + Y

: Creating Multiple Copies (Linear Arrays


*3 (arrays) 6@&
 $ G J 3
( Move Tool) * !
X / ,   . (series of copies of geometry) ) y3% N;
:   @ h
"! K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Select Tool) > Y > -
.S
. >,! S8 gA S > @  -
. ( Move Tool) BR > -
BX S8 (Ctrl key) Q- K. ~@ 3 S8 -! ~ -
. +- @  , 4A 3"  ./ ! 0-/ O .u AQ-
. ,. +- @  K. ~ -
. LM- BX T! , B .- @ , LM-  X-
B+,,- @  , B .-  }+- Bb S8 ~-
. 3 O o, B .:( @  selected) + Y oR:
:h4 = 8U ,   w4A O ,  Tq -
B+,   ! 3  8 B-   "@R O8 S8 (*2) (2x) B
. (+, -Z- u 8) X B 8U
: Creating Copies at an Equal Distance Apart
*, =>a9 (original) &S) J_( copy) *V3 N9 *$ 3 31
=a3

 y3% *3\ $(/5)(5/) =>? : h . (divisor value) *;31;


=>a9 e= a3
e* V33* V3* S)* V3 N9 T% 9
* *U9 ]; , N! (multipliers) 6 G( distances) $ 3
.\

97

:B]R.
BZ !Y 0h(models of items) -  -  A S8 f Q j - wO
,! /-  /- O8  yb  ,Z
. B4, 8, K. (beams) Bb   A 4 >j

: Entering Exact Move Values


* 1 7 9* ( 7o* ! ) $ 3; T
(VCB)*1 9 ! .$ %
 ; ; 7 S 7* 7 !
>O;  (default units)
#; ( copying) 3e( moving) !9 1
; (Units panel)
=a3
(arrays) $6@
 D* $ go 9 . (stretching entities) % 
*>3% @9 ( exact displacement ) #>G 9 *7o* , !
G
(absolute 3D coordinate)*1a 9)* fZO f7o( relative)
move )  * !9 ;> Z\ (finishing point) %o* a1
.(operation
:Entering a Displacement Value
L ( >\ new displacement length) 4f BX q 4RA T b,A
: R B .- /
"! K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Select Tool) > Y > -
.S
. @4RA S8 gA S > @  -
"! K = .@L  1 ! LM- ( Move Tool) BR > -
.wZAY S
R B .-/ (start point) B4 Bb > Y ~ -
@ . u R wZAY S8 @ 34RA  LM-  X -
inference ) Y!Y E>  -LM- BX T! +-
(ending) B4 Bb( start) B4 Bb    ! (line
B-   "@R O8 S8  &  ! BR B8,  BR.
. (VCB)
O8 S8 (20' or -35mm): B , Bf- BX  }Tq -
Q ( Enter)Q K. ~( VCB)B-   "@R
. (Return)

98

: B X\
 04 \    -/, (VCB) B-   "@R O8 S8 "  Tq T b,A
. (default system) S!    K B-   R !  . S.:  
.S!    -   0-/,A o KX (3' 6") Tq T b,A : \h
: Entering a 3D Coordinate
: @ 34RA T b,4 
.([]) -/! @  34RA g S B8,- > 7 _
/ SI\h  NQ S8 IX} -/! (relative) B , w_ 
.(<>) -/!( coordinates in 3D space)
: (coordinates in 3D space) / SI\h  NQ S8 IX}}>
"! K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Select Tool) > Y > -
.S
. @4RA S8 gA S > @  -
"! K = .@L  1 ! LM- ( Move Tool) BR > -
.wZAY S
R B .-/ (start point) B4 Bb > Y ~ -
+- @  . u R wZAY S8 @ 34RA  LM-  X -
 ! (inference line) Y!Y E>  -LM- BX T!
 BR. (ending) B4 Bb( start) B4 Bb  
. (VCB) B-   "@R O8 S8  &  ! BR B8,
. S, SIXY ( exact) S.: SIXY Tq -

: B R   R- [x, y, z]:B - /  IX}

: ** >a1% D>* 3% <x, y, z> :*>3 f7o

99

:B X\
)/ B I\h  IX}  jZ I X B-  4RA T b,A
wZAY( z) wZA S8  0@2 34R h- .( 3D coordinate
. [,,2'] :(VCB) B-   "@R O8 S8 S  0>
:B X\
/A  1A (VCB) B-   "@R O8 S8 TbA S  " . BqN- B1 
/ (computer's regional settings )3!R B - .} 
(comma)  Y (semi-colon)S B.:Q j B-C    .-/,-
.[x; y; z] :h-.

: Rotate Tool
 3)( elements)S  (  Rotate Tool)  J 3

N  .(single rotation plane)7 3; Ng 6


\ 9 (distort geometry) ) L!
( stretch) # G  
#   9( Rotate Tool)  #_% . 3 N; #1$ r
. (Tools menu) * )+ ,   9 ( Modification toolbar) J 

: Rotating Geometry
3D ) 9)* fZO* n>& $ *6V;  3; Zf &$ =
 ) a3

: : 4\ -/, 0@2  4 . ( environment


.S !" K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Select Tool) > Y > -
. 4. 0@2 > -
T B. K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Rotate Tool) 4 > -
. C!"
=f wZA R- u 0@2  X ( protractor ) B.-  X -
R-  fA  1! ( protractor ) B.- . w4 O
K. ~@   / = fA K. Q} T b,A . B4 @ L R-
. .b- wZAY S8 B.- @ A  (Shift key) Q

100

S Bb ( rotation point) Bb TU X ~  -


(inference ToolTips ) Y!Y  0-/! . ! 0@2 W X
. j Z4 K. 3A,-
0h-4 O wZAY S8 (starting point) B4 Bb  LM-  X -
. B4

. B4 Bb TU B I  LM- K. ~ -


 \Q oRA B /8 jQ B4 .4. LM-  X -
B.-  B4 X LM-  RA -  = PX\! (preferences)
B.-   / 3.A -  (angle snaps) B4 jQ K. R!
. (free rotation) X u-,!
. ( -  )}B4 Bb K. Bh I ~ -
: B X\
K. ~@  L  +A 0 ( Rotate Tool)4 0 /QA T b,A
>   ( > K  1 ! LM- ( ) Rotate Tool)4 
Q K. ~" I ( B /8 KA 4 ) BM- ( Select Tool)> Y
. ( Rotate Tool)4 E 2A ( }ESC key)

: Rotational Stretching with Auto-Fold


stretch ) ) # G    N (Rotate Tool)  
J_ N; r  \
9 (geometry

101

/( twist) S &$ M>3


&( rotational movement) **
7
&[& a* S \ #_
( non-planar ) 3; K 8>@ /36% &$
(Sketch Up's Auto-Fold feature.) ; %>

:Copying Objects Using Rotate


 * 9 J>, (Ctrl key)  6; D ]& $  P>
N; e9 
\* & V3 ;   %> J  (rotation operation)
. *S)

:Creating Multiple Copies (Radial Arrays


radial ) /  $6@;     N ( Rotate Tool) 
.*
a1% 7 y3 N; *3 .(arrays
.(radial array) = /L B8Q  
.S !" K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Select Tool) > Y > -
. >,! S8 gA S > @  -
T B. K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Rotate Tool) 4 > -
. C!"
 " ./! B .-/ wO( Ctrl key) Q K. ~@  -! ~ -
. +- @  , gA 3
0h-4 O wZAY S8 (starting point) B4 Bb  LM-  X -
. B4
B4 Bb TU B I  LM- K. ~ -
LM- BX T! +- @  B+, @ , -
. , B .- ( }destination point) wZAY Bb K. ~ -
. 3 O o, B .: + Y oR: B@- ,
: h . B 8U} /- ,   BQN- B-  Tq -
(I ,  -Z @4 ) X B 8U B+,  ! (*2) ( 2x) Tq
. b+ wO -/!  o+, B h 3.  44 o+, X
102

: Folding Along an Axis of Rotation


&a #\ JO; * & @$ 7 ?D *1= g9 J_= ?& a3

R q K. 0@L Sb . #V& ] $ J_ a 9 f (fold line)


: (axis of rotation) 
.S !" K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Select Tool) > Y > -
Sb E+ 0-/,! W.h-  . ! O 0@2 > -

.
T B. K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Rotate Tool) 4 > -
. C!"
 ! S B8R Sb E> 4 X K. ~@ S8 -! ~ -
. 0@2 S8 Sb  8
E> T B.-  R- ( fold line) Sb E> q K. LM- R! -
. ( W.h- )  Sb

S Bb ( rotation point) Bb TU LM-  X -


. 0@2  . ! 
103

. . B4 Bb TU B I LM- K. ~ -

\NQ oRA B /8 (angle snaps) jQ B4 4. LM-  X -


B4 X LM- 34R A -  = PX\! (under preferences)
 / h 3.A -  (angle snaps) B4 jQ 0R! B.- 
. (free rotation) R   u-,! B.-

.( -  )}B4 Bb K. Bh I ~ -

:Creating Copies at an Equal Distance Apart


*, \ 9 (original) &S) J_ ( copy) *V3 N9 *$ 3 31
=a3

:h . *1 9 ! .$ % &$ (divisor value) 31


104

(original) &S) J_ N9 T% 9  y3% *3\  (/5) ( 5/) =>?
(distances) $ 3>= a9 e= a3
.(first copy) *V3%
* \U9 ]; , * F (multipliers) 6 G

: Entering Exact Angle Values.


*r  9 T

( & degree of rotation) * 
G= a3
.  f( VCB) *1 9 ! .$ % &$ (angular degrees)
(slope values) J , ( angular rotation) r*  , \
. J_ ; .$ & $ 

:Entering an Angular Rotation Value


*1 ?>= ( degrees)  9 *1,@ 9 (angle) *r , !
7 E f( VCB) *1 9 ! .$ % &$ (decimal) 79
:h. (protractor) *1
1 .#>G 9 (34.1) 1; (degree angle) *] * a  (34.1) =>?
;* r* 1=
! a3
. * 3 1 P *r >* ! 3
. (rotation operation)  * 9  f

:Entering a Slope Value


&$ (colon) *;Z 9 N@6; N, =>? (slope) J* *  , !
:h . (VCB) *1 9 ! .$ %
1 *7 b 
P 9 *r >* ! 3 1 . (8:12) N1?>=
rotation )  * 9  f ; #>G 9 *r* , !
=a3
. * 3
. (operation

105

:Scale Tool
r( stretch) #;( resize) !
 o J 3
(Scale Tool) !
. & $  \S  D>* 3% J_
( Modification toolbar) J  #   9 ! #_%
. (Tools menu) * )+ ,   9
:B X\
0@2 - 0  8 "ZR4 S B .-/ S( Global Scale) S- / " ZR
. b   B8,- K  .b-  / y b (simultaneously) S&
) 3f- jf K. " ZR  .- Y E8 Bs  (Scale Tool) " ZR
.( - 0 K. ~
:Scaling Geometry
"! K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Select Tool) > Y > -
.S
=- ZRA 4A O 0@2 > -
: K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Scale Tool) " ZR > -
X  ! (Scaling grips) " ZR  N . : 0>
. +- 0@2

BN BN >  Y (scaling grip) " ZR BN K. ~ -


-X .  SNA !B.- " ZR  N +-
. BQ.+ " ZRA B .-  " ZRA BN 0 .(highlight in red)
((VCB)) B-   "@R O8 . 0@2 ( scale) " ZR LM-  X -
" ZR A -  -. (relative size) S, " ZR ! 
. " ZR B .- - / B.b- " ZR  / > T b,A. -
. 0@2 " ZRA 0-@A / ~  >-
106

: Scaling Auto-Folding Geometry


* =; *h @9 J
(Auto-fold feature) ; %>& $ &[& a* S \
19o G M37 (folding lines) &a a\  ; %> . !
. *3; b

: Scaling a 2D Surface or Image Object


Image ) @% ( Two-dimensional surfaces) 9)* + f a3
*fZO ) D * &
3 9 !(
  * entities
! ?* ) 7 S .(three-dimensional geometry) 9)
/
! ; ! G>, * 3
( !Scale Tool's bounding box)
9)& fZO ?* 7 S J *1? P69 J
G>1 b. . 9)& + f
. (Ctrl and Shift) J & 7 6; =; G J  . (3D bounding box)
6; 9)& + f 8a !
; 9)& + f Ja3;  ?* 7o S
*? 7o S .(G\-7 ) 3; Ng =1 .
! .( surface) 8a3( 3D volume ) 9)& fZf 7 
9)& + O
! g =a3
. (G\-7 ) 3; =; 3\
. ! J>, / D! ;!  9

:Scaling Components
individual ) *6( ! ! * Component entity) M
!  ;
8
*S V b. . *6
 r9 56! )\M e 7 J . (instance
. ]% &$ M P6 *6V !* y3 N;   D ] !@

!  JO; (component's context)  Ng !
. M L
D f
(component) M Ng (Line entity) #\
e 7 J& $ #V  P6% e 7 J !  ) M e 7 J
. (M

:Scaling Options
.  3
& G>1 = T
(Scale Tool) ! #_
J;  9 * D1>
E 9 3;  ;  *+; 8>@
J_ L\ *6V; *G>,
*6V; *G>, L_ (X-ray Transparency) P*  * $ 6 #% JF.

107

uniform ) T ! N; Z ] 8


(Scale Tool) !
#(  no uniform scaling) T; K !( scaling
. ! % 1
J 3
&* ! G>, . (stretching operations)
. / 9 1

:Corner Grips
*3*  r N;  V J_(
! Corner grips) *r G>,
T; !
( default behavior) & 1 3 . (opposite corner)
single scale ) 6 ! J; ;  D1> 9) N9 M ` 7
.(VCB) *1 9 ! .$ % &$ T (dimension)  >( factor

:Edge Grips
opposite ) *3* ; $ 7 N;  V J_( (
! Edge grips) *$ ! G>,
K !
( default behavior) & 1 3 . &%h J_9 N >9 (edge
.$ % &$ . F 9) N9 M  ]  & (no uniform scale) T;
.(comma) *S $ 9  , T (VCB) *1 9 !

: Face Grips
7 b 
& $ P ; / N;  V J_( (
! Face grips) / G>,
no uniform ) T; K !
( default behavior) & 1 3 . #1$
(VCB) *1 9 ! .$ % .F 9) N9 M  ]  & (scale
. #1$ 7* , J>1
 T

: Scaling About the Geometry Center


P>. J_ r ;N; V D ! 9 ] 83
(Scale Tool) !
 so ! * f ,& $ (Ctrl key)  6; D P> 9 
G>, N; D P> (geometry's center point) J_ r* ;a1%
. ]. 1>? ! J\ V D M! (scaling grips) !

:Toggling Between Uniform and Non-uniform Scaling


T; K !
 % N; K 9 ! f J_& $ Jf  19o 
! ,
! * N; ) *T( * ! toggles) #9 (Shift key)  6;.
. ( *T * ! N;) *T; F* ( * ! T; F

108

:B X\
" - " ZR  -,.  bA - -/!@ -4 (Ctrl and Shift) SXQ
. +- 0@2 j "  -  g
: Controlling Scaling Direction With The Axis Tool
(drawing axis ) = ;! g 9 ! b 
D *,9 a3]
)
 J 3 (Scale Tool) ! .(Axes Tool) ;= !
t>1 b 
D a3 36% (orient) /  ( G\-7
. = ! g   9 (grip direction)

Entering Exact Scale Values


!* , !
&( axis) ! 9 T
(VCB) *1 9 ! .$ %
*% \ 7 S &$ 7 () default units) * 1 7& $/36%
.$ % &$ !* , =>? .! * Z\ (& ; ; $ 7
.  * ! ;> 9 Z\ ;> J_( ! VCB) *1 9 !

:Entering a Scale Multiplier Value


q }>.  * ! ;> 9 Z\   9 =
! ?a3

: " ZR B .- (>\dimensional length value)/


.S !" K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Select Tool) > Y > -
. =- ZRA 4A O 0@2 > -
0> : K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Scale Tool) " ZR > -
. +- 0@2  X  ! (Scaling grips) " ZR  N . :
BN BN >  Y (scaling grip) " ZR BN K. ~ -
highlight ) -X .  SNA !B.- " ZR  N +-
. BQ.+ " ZRA B .-  " ZRA BN 0 .(in red

109

((VCB)) B-   "@R O8 . 0@2 ( scale) " ZR LM-  X -


- " ZR A -  -. (relative size) S, " ZR ! 
." ZR B .- - / B.b- " ZR  / > T b,A.
( 2' 6" ):0h ( dimensional length value) / B-  Tq -
~ . (VCB) B-   "@R O8 S8 - (2m) Z B!
(Return) ( Enter)

:Mirroring Geometry using the Scale Tool


mirror ) J_ G J 3
N (Scale Tool) !
*  b.. 7 !
&* a1 7 9*
 ] G>1 M!39 (geometry
*>  , D t9 1 r6, 9 57e. V D J\ D ) M! ] 8

(force) r= a3


. M b 
e& $ J
( & -1.5) ( -1) :JO;
. M   9 * , =>a9 
:Entering Multiple Scale Values
( scaling factors ) ! Z; ; D +(
_ VCB) *1 9 ! .$ %
!
. 7* , \ D
! 7  9 !
*. * ; * 9 *a>

*T; !
*. (comma) 6 9 @ 6;  , \ Ma N 9
F 9)* fZO` * ! 7 7* , D
! 9)* fZf
N *@6; *, J , *fZf (
! Non Uniform 3D scaling) *T;
.(comma) 69 )\
!* a1% N9 (dashed line) =a1; #\ s ! * f 57Z
! .$ % &$ *$ 3;  6; *, \ ./
\ . t>1( scaling point)
( grip distance) *G>1* $ 3;  #>G ; %>(   VCB) *1 9
N 9 7  9 ) # % N T tF9 .*$ 3* !
] 1
]
. #_% . ( 9* fZf
(commas) 6 9 *@6;  ; , =>?
 ; 9 ! 9 1
;
3) P  @ 9 *? 7 J; D 3; g( resize) !
=a3
*$* ; $ 3; * ; * $ 7 D  e 9 3) ) ! 6; J_9
. (Tape Measure Tool)  1 #  

110

: Push/Pull Tool
Face ) / %  M!= $ (Push/Pull Tool) #> J 3

=   a3
. 9)* fZO  N ;7 * ?$ go (entities
] J_ b N; %  \ 7  (Push/Pull Tool) #>
#   9 (Push/Pull Tool) #> #_% . *a3  b
* )+ ,   9 ( Modification toolbar) J 
: B X\
 0-/A  8 O wf S8 E8 (Push/Pull Tool) E  0-/,A
Wireframe rendering ) S@.,  qY   E- B /U S8 ",Z @ 4
. (style
: Creating a Volume
. &  $ J_ 7 z1
( = Push/Pull Tool) #> J 3

: wf R! T8
.S !" K = .@L  1 ! LM- .> Y > -

. M!3= $ / \ -


SI\I 0 b, K  1 ! LM- ( Push/Pull Tool) E  > -
. "! /
. =f  8 ~ -
K  LM-  X f- wZAY S8 "ZX   K. K  LM-  X -
. , wZAY S8 "ZR T ! 0Q!
. .b- " ZR 04 "ZR  B I ~ -

111

: B X\
  LM-  4RA "I LM- R! E1N  -! E1N  N4 T b,A
. "ZR
: B X\
 ( N> -X ,)  , K. Q "ZX  A 
. B4. B U= f O -/! !3 Q4
O . K.x  2A (f= ) f B Q.> 0Q!x  2A ( N>= ) f Bf
R,A 0/Q  o ( wZA S8 ) K. K  Q =f( pull) R,A 
oRA ) wZA oM 0@2 0-/4  ,- K. K = f B Q.>
K  @  /4 Bf- B -@ ~ Q ybA B .-/  / A ~@4 O . (
. = 8 O = f

:Entering Precise Push/Pull Values


.(VCB) *1 9 ! .$ % &$ T
(Push/Pull Tool) #>* * 7
=$   * 9  f* ; 1,@ 9 M!3= $ 1; !
=a3

. P  b 
e 9 *  r *> 3 1. M!3
:Repeating a Push/Pull Operation
=$  * :>a (Push/Pull) #>  * 9 \ ;> / D  3>
. \ / D 1 P69 ( ; \Push/Pull) M!3
: B X\
@- T8 R, B .- wZA I4 A = . ~@A O = f  f
K. A o, (front face) S= f K. 3 B .- > o
(Push/Pull) R, T8 B .- (back side face) SQ.+  f =f
. ~/- wZAY S8 R!

: Create New Push/Pull Starting Face


 6; D P> f ( *% f ;P> f7 / D P> )/= $ / M!
D1> / T ; *, $ 7 JO
& aV . *% f =$ / M! f (Ctrl)
=  6; *[ b..= $ / M! *  (starting point) *9 *a1
. :9a>  ; 
 6; D P> f ( 3 ) D) D M! . /@  *

(Ctrl)  6; D P> f ( # ) D) D* % f ;M!3( Ctrl)
. ( N* ) O f ;M!3

112

: Creating Voids
/ b 
9( volume) 7 D J_( ! Push/Pull Tool) #>
. J_ D )J 3
; (back face of the volume) ! &6V
3D ) 9)* fZf K$  J_ a ; %>. \ 7 N; r 
& ) $ * ! 6V \ * /; 9 M! , J_( void
: * 

: B X\

/  ); ;& ;/  * ;  b.  N


. &6V
:Moving Faces Perpendicular
b 
& $ b
!] D (Push/Pull ) #>= > * a3

 f( Alt key)  6 D P>  9 (perpendicular direction)


3) /_ 6; *  b. .(Push/Pull Tool) #> 
. *  f! e (Auto fold) &[& a .(deforming objects)

113

:Follow Me Tool
JO; N ; 3; ?D b  J 3
(Follow Me Tool) & >

6; )b. .(freehand pencil)  !U9 /
 #\ ( edge) *$ 7
D J@6
 ]  3 9 D JS 6* $ g ;
 S@\
J  )b.   J& $ (end of a path)  &  % 7
D /( extrude) :O9 =  a3
. ?  D 3 J@6
Follow ) & >
#_% . (Follow Me Tool) & >
Z 3; ? 
  9 ( Modification toolbar) J  #   9 (Me Tool
. (Tools menu) * )+ ,
: B X\
. (context) , ~ Q S8 @4 Z4 =f  ,-

:Manually Extruding a Face Along a Path


?D (extruding a face) / :O> (manual method) * :a
* *U
 f / /$ 3 . b 
e D a3 ] 8 (path) 3;
S/A\ -/, (path) , q K. =f yh .(extrude) :O>
: (Follow Me Tool)
(path),- !@ B8R wO..4/A 4A S 0@2 B8X j  -
. (path) ,- T4 w4A O ( profile) =f. SZ 0@2 !" -
K. - 4A ( profile) =f. SZ 0@2   A
. (path),-

: K = .@L  1 ! LM- (Follow Me Tool) S/A > -


. !" 
114

. = O ( profile) =f. SZ 0@2 K. ~ -

(path),- SN !  (path) ,-  q K. LM- R!-


jf ~-A Z4. 04-  X LM- R,A -  TA !-X . 
S/A(  profile) =f. SZ 0@2. L Z- ( path) ,-
B8R (edge) B8X >. u R T-  . (Follow Me Tool)
(profile) =f. SZ 0@2 ~ - S/4Y 3 (starting edge) B4 
=f. SZ 0@2 ~  (edge) B8R 3.A (extrude) yh !B .-/
. (profile)

.(path),- B4 K 0A   O Q ~  >-


115

:Preselecting the Path


3 (select tool) \ e Z 3; ;1; (path) 3= \ a3

. 8!@(
>=  Follow Me Tool) & >

:(pre-selected path) + , q K. =f( extrude) yh
. (path) ,- T4 w4A O ( profile) =f. SZ 0@2 !" -
K. - 4A ( profile) =f. SZ 0@2   A
. (path),-
0h-A S ( continuous set of edges) -,-  8R B-Z > -
. (path),-
Z4 8R  ) B-C  (Follow Me Tool) S/A > -
.  !" : K = .@L  1 ! LM- ( + KA
( extrude) yh ! ub, = O ( profile) K. ~ -
.(pre-selected path) ! +-  ,-  q K. -,

Automatically Extruding a Face Along a Single Surface


Path
& >
J 3
 3; ?D /( extrude) :O> *1? J
3; 8a D (path) 3
>= V
h (Follow Me Tool)
ub! K. (path) , q K. =f yh .(single coplanar surface)6;
116

Follow Me ) S/A\ -/, (single coplaner surface)Q ,


: (Tool
!@B8R wO..4/A 4A S 0@2 B8X L -

. (path) 3 -
. (path) ,- T4 w4A O ( profile) =f. SZ 0@2 !" -
K. - 4A ( profile) =f. SZ 0@2   A
. (path),-
. B-C  (Follow Me Tool) S/A > -
(profile) K. ~@A -  (Alt Key) Q K. ~@  -! ~ -
. = O

:B X\
"I ub, >  T b,A Q ub! X 8X -N4 (path),- 
. ub,  X 8R  T 8 (Follow Me Tool) S/A
117

:Creating a Lathed Shape


B.( Lathed ) @L(   Follow Me Tool) & >
=   a3

: B4C , -/!
. (path),- 0h-A (edge) 8X W X C !" -
K. =f @ 4  N ~  . C K. - =f !" -
. C~ -4
 1 ! LM- B-C  (Follow Me Tool) S/A > -
.  !" : K = .@L

. .! O-  b  X\ -/, =f T C B8X TA -

118

:Offset Tool
coplanar ) 7 3; &$ * , a\ N; y3% 
(Offset Tool)
$ ! (Offset) J =a3
. *S) N; T;  9 D
b( lines
 + / (Offset) J . &S) / \ J\ ; b( edges)
J  #   9 (Offset Tool) #_% .  /
(Tools menu) * )+ ,   9 ( Modification toolbar)

: Offsetting a Face.
: =f E RA S  8R  ,!Y (Offset Tool) e   T ;
. (Offset)  4 K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Offset Tool) > -
. = (Offset) 0- 4A O = f K. ~ -
S8  ! (Offset) B8, . (Offset)  / 4R LM-  X -
=f > 0>( Offset) 0- T b,A . (VCB) B-   "@R O8
. C= f 0 b,- = f.

. T.N- ( Offset)  A( Offset) ~  -

: Offsetting Lines
7 3; &$ =1
? * 1; aV (Offset) J \ G= a3

:b+ (Offset) 0-/ . ,)( connected, co-planar)


"! K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Select Tool) > Y > -
.S
 b> +A Z4 . (Offset) 0- gA S  b+ > -
)Q +! T b,A. X , S8 TA N/ B. h
.  > 1 (Shift) Q ( CTRL
. (Offset Tool) > -
119

E> B/b K &  jQ ! LM- .+ E>  jf K. ~ -


. (nearest line segment)
.(Offset) B-  4R LM-  X -
. b+. (Offset)  A( Offset) ~  -

:B X\
TU LM- R! +- E+  jf K. X@~  A T b,A
C@ (Offset) 0- .3 O . LM-  X "I w4A O T- S8 (Offset)
. N4  C  4 

: Repeating an Offset Operation


* :>a (Offset) *  9 \ ;> / D ;
P>
. 1 P69 / P6% D *% f (Offset)
:Entering Precise Offset Values
19   & \ 7 9 (Offset) 1;  T
(VCB) *1 9 ! .$ %
G= a3
. (Offset) 
 f J ; ; 7 S &$
. *   9  f( Offset)  1;
!
:B X\
 04 \    -/, (VCB) B-   "@R O8 S8 "  Tq T b,A
. (default system) S!    K B-   R !  . S.:  
.S!    -   0-/,A o  KX (3' 6") Tq T b,A : \h

: Entering an Offset Value


. ( ;> Offset) *  9 Z\ (Offset) 1 * , !
=a3

: B .-/  I( Offset) B-  }>


"! K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Select Tool) > Y > -
.S
120

 b> +A Z4 . (Offset) 0- gA S  b+ > -


)Q +! T b,A. X , S8 TA N/ B. h
.  > 1 (Shift) Q ( CTRL
. (Offset Tool) > -
#\ * a, , D h r61 E . V; #\ N; r D P> -
. (nearest line segment)
.(Offset) * , ! E 7 -
. ].9 >1 E D P> -
.$ % &$ ( 20' or -35mm): *> 3( >* Offset) *, =>? -
. (Return)  6; ( Enter) 6; D P>( VCB)*1 9 !

121

:Intersect With Model Tool


 N J 3
(Intersect With Model Tool) ?= ;= 1
N@ =? 1
J ] 8
)b. . (complex geometry) 1 ;
>% S JO; (intersect two elements)
= $ M! J ; o 9 . S   ?= 1
`7 h b $ 7 
)b. #_% .   b b. .7
*+ ,   9 ( Modification toolbar) J  #   9
. (Tools menu) )
:Creating Complex Geometry
- T Tq  -/! (complex geometry) / @L 4@
: (Intersect With Model Tool)
.  : 0h @\ ! L "! -
.S !" K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Select Tool) > Y > -
.  T -f > Y K. ,\ I -
S !" K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Move Tool) R > -
. wZAY
) 4A 0@L B.   T Tq4 W R  X -
wf  W X 8X fAY = PXY . (oRA , 
-U =" g  (selected) + K4 Z4 . 
. 
. +-  K. (Context-click) ! B, -
 B-C  (Intersect With Model) - T Tq > -
:? & $ $ 7  ! . (context commands menu) ,
.( !
- #> ;= @ ) @ %) $ =? 1 &
. ( !
D ) @ + 1>9 MK
e &> %) r 7 .7 -
=; >%) ?= 1
*1a; &$ * 31; b ;  %> 9 57e
. @

122

:Intersect With Model, Groups, and Components


(Intersect With Model Tool) ?= ;= 1 N; $ !
: ZO; . (current context) & ! 3& $ 
?= ;= 1 r%( group) *;  ? * 1 %  7
a\ (group) *( editing) * ;  f( Intersect with Model)
( !
-D( ) @ group) * Ng 1>? , ?= 1

:Position Texture Tool


 @  # 9 &  ] @:>a
; %> Ng 
Sketch ) ; %> =, , . p>@
% & > 1$  J_9
8a3 D =g
&  #>G J 3
(Up's Position Texture Tool
(resizing) ! (repositioning) =g  NG
 ?9
D *G ] ) 8
)b.] . *$ g (distorting) /_
*+ , N; )#_% . % D ? 1 * 7 b @p>S JO; @
. (context menu for a Face entity) /  3

123

:B X\
04/ E8  -/!@ -4 (Position Texture Tool) T-  .
ub, K.  bA T b,AY . (flat surfaces) B4,-  b, K. yb-
: -/!=  .- T b,A K( curved surface) ,-

View > Hidden Geometry menu item view


=f  -Z- 0-/A S  Q- wf K. (texture) ( edit) X "I
. SR-
8 X K. -  B4I B-Z S( texture)  
O S8 0@2 0-/,A (texture) ( material) -  R.b-
. U-

:Repositioning a Material
. (texture) 1= g  N; * * & ( material) =  g
: ( material) - TU}
 ! B-C / ( material) - K. (Context-click) ! B,-
. (context menu)
B4h  B-C  (Position option) T- > >  -
 A Bb-  b+ (  matrix) B8Q .(Texture sub-menu)
(materials individual tiles) B4Q  q\  -  2 - K.
. ~  B/ 4 K  1 ! LM- .
4A . TU } ub, K. E1N T LM- R! -
( Rotate) 4A >" I B I ub, K. , B, \ :
. (Flip)
>" I -4 LM-  B, (texture) 04/A  SA  -
TU  +. (texture) > E8 ~ (Done)
.(Position Texture Tool) 
: B X\
/U K  -  } 4R  I o S8 (Esc key) Q K. E1U
. y,
entire ) TU  B .- 0 1 } A (Esc key) K. ~
T b,A TU B .-/ A -  . ( texture positioning operation
( Undo)  > -4 LM-  ~@  o S8 p.+ K  b> f
. (context menu) , B-C 
124

:Material Positioning Pins


(  *  pins)P9 9 J 3
(Position Texture Tool) 1= g .
=,; D ?* 3>9 9 * !]
! . >!
! N P9 9 .
!  JO;    t 9 E
M!3 * .  D \
.(skew) !%e ( resize)
:b-  (Position Texture Tool) TU
.(Fixed Pin Mode) oh  E-
.(Free Pin Mode) R  E-
:Manipulating a Material Using Fixed Pin Mode
( skew) L!
( scale) !9 (Fixed Pin Mode) 9 O 9 #% 83
#% . O 9> O9 1
; (shear and distort) 1 /_

N;  &
D>* 3 9 JG$)(  Fixed Pin Mode) 9 O 9
. (roofing textures) L13 , ( brick) 9 a JO; (tile) ? Z9
: (Fixed Pin Mode) oh  E- -/! - BZ /-
 ! B-C / ( material) - K. (Context-click) ! B, -
. (context menu)
Texture ) B4h  B-C  (Position option) T- > >  -
- K.  A Bb-  b+ (  matrix) B8Q .(sub-menu
LM- . (materials individual tiles) B4Q  q\  -  2
. ~  B/ 4 K  1 !
. - K. -4 LM-  ~ -
3 @ 4 " ( Fixed Pins menu) Bh  ~ B-C u.b >-
0 !   B. 4 . u.b- (  check mark) B\
specific position texture ) B:> TU B .- 0h-A B4 0
. (operation

125

. ~   X K. R,   @~ -   -


:B X\
=@4R 3 u-,4 0/ZA (pin grabs)  K. X B,
E- .-  B4 Bb  ! @4Z T- . K. > T K
E- S8 Cf@ -4 BR wO . (Fixed Pin Mode) oh 
. (Free Pin Mode) R  E-( Fixed Pin Mode) oh
E 9 P> ( modifying the texture) 1 ; * N; &
;-
* N; V (texture) 1 \ #1$ P> (Done) \ N)
.(Position Texture Tool) 1= g

:Fixed Pin Mode Options


* !* %1  ( P> )M!: Move Icon and Pin
* ; N; &
; .(reposition the texture) 1= ,;  o 9
#1$ P> (Done) \ f N 9 P> (modifying the texture) 1
. &
; (Enter) D P>= a3
./1F (texture) 1\
:Scale / Rotate Icon and Pin
D !
  J 3
(pin) 9 ( Scale/ Rotate icon) *%1
(fixed pin location) 9 O 9= ,; D ;  (angle) *
( base pin)9  , D  9 , E M!.  ;!9
;   %> J 
9  , 7 9* %1 M!. ! 
.  /9
. b 
e& $  #1; , .(rotate the material)
. (scale) !
N   
 #1 1 $ E 3;
126

!
] ! ! & 1* a1 aV ? D 1 9 57e
]!9 &S) ! D   F= a3
. =&  S)
*+ , N; (Reset) = \ a3
.&S) 1 #V D E
.(Context menu)  3
:Scale / Shear Icon and Pin
* ;o J 3
(pin) 9( Scale/Shear icon) ! / z1* %1
9 9 57e .&% J_9 (  shear and resize) !
z, (slant)
. *  f> O 1
:Distort Icon and Pin
perspective ) T; 8!@
)J 3
9* %1) b.
. J_ D S =>a *; *S V b. .  D (correction

: Manipulating a Material Using Free Pin Mode


8
(Free Pin Mode) ! 9 #% &$ \P9 99 #>

 & P9 9
(stretch) a
(  distort) L! ; D P9 9 M! ]
/_= * g JG$( Free Pin Mode) ! 9 #% . J>? D
R  E- -/! - BZ /- . *$K
6 @ N; (distortion)
: (Free Pin Mode)
Texture ) B4h  B-C  (Position option) T- > >  -
- K.  A Bb-  b+ (  matrix) B8Q .(sub-menu
B4Q  q\  -  2
. - K. -4 LM-  ~ -
3  o( Fixed Pins menu) Bh  ~ B-C u.b > -
.  ! ~  B/(check mark) yRA B\

127

~   X K. R,   @~ -   -


:B X\
=@4R 3 u-,4 0/ZA (pin grabs)  K. X B,
E- .-  Y B4 Bb  ! @4Z T- . K. > T K
E- S8 Cf@ -4 BR wO . (Fixed Pin Mode) oh 
. (Free Pin Mode) R  E-( Fixed Pin Mode) oh
LM-  ~ ( modifying the texture) BZ /  SA  -
B .-  +. (texture) > E8 ~ (Done) > -4
.(Position Texture Tool) TU

Manipulating a Image as Material Using Free Pin


:Mode
S V3
; *S \ @9 6; (Free Pin Mode) ! 9 #%
 ; 9  U 9 D 
!S =   a3
: \h . J_  U
-/! : BZ /- . ; %> % &$ (photo-realistic door) +g
: (Free Pin Mode) R  E-
. 0 b, =f  -
:\-/, S X  : 0h : (Insert) 0> -
Insert > Image as Texture
. T (Paint Bucket Tool) \q B. K = .@L  1 ! LM-
. B4 Bb TU =f   X K. ~ -
(resized) "ZR ! W R B4 Bb  / LM- R! -
. 0 b,- = f 8
. 0 b,- = f K. (texture) TU B I ~ -
B-C / ( material) - K. (Context-click) ! B, -
. (context menu)  !
B4h  B-C  (Position option) T- > >  -
 A Bb-  b+ (  matrix) B8Q .(Texture sub-menu)
(materials individual tiles) B4Q  q\  -  2 - K.
. ~  B/ 4 K = .@L  1 ! LM- .
128

. (texture) K. -4 LM-  ~ -


3  o( Fixed Pins menu) Bh  ~ B-C u.b > -
.- (  check mark)B\
. ~   X K. R,   @~ -   -
:B X\
=@4R 3 u-,4 0/ZA (pin grabs)  K. X B,
E- .-  Y B4 Bb  ! @4Z T- . K. > T K
E- S8 Cf@ -4 BR wO . (Fixed Pin Mode) oh 
. (Free Pin Mode) R  E-( Fixed Pin Mode) oh
~ ( modifying the texture) BZ /  SA  -
+. (texture) > E8 ~ (Done) > -4 LM- 
.(Position Texture Tool) TU B .- 
*3> :Fixed Pin and Free Pin Mode Context Commands
Position Texture ) 1= g J 3
; (Context click) 
. (position texture context menu) 1= ,; *  + ,  so (Tool
Position Texture ) 1= g N; V J 3
*+ 1 b. : Done
. (current texture position) & ! 1= g 567( Tool
D( position of the texture) 1= g o J 3
*+ 1 b. : Reset
. (Position Texture Tool) 1= g   :>3
& * g
)  ( N/ 3 ) 1$ 1 M1 J 3
*+ 1 b. : Flip
. (J6/D
90 : 1>3; *  ;!fZf N; 7 1 o J 3
*+ 1 b. :Rotate
. *
! 9 #% &a% N9 ( toggle) #9 J 3
*+ 1 b. :Fixed Pins:
. (Fixed Pin Mode) 9 O 9 #% ( Free Pin Mode)
position texture ) 1= g& \ ; F *+ 1 b. : Undo
;) . !* + , &$ (Undo command) ; Z\ D . (command
. #1$ 7= * 9 
1= g * 7 D
 (Undo) &  F
*+ 1 b. : Redo
. (Undo command) ;   J>, (texture positioning state)
:4ORA
/ $  J F (Undo button) Fo( The Edit > Undo );
.(texture positioning session) 1= g* 3 Z\
129

\ D
 (Edit > Undo) * F& F
(The Edit > Redo) *
. b % 9 , (texture positioning command) , =g;

:Wrapping Material Around Corners


L
]%   (corner) N 7 L (texture) 1 J  ; o 9
:  X p.4 0/ZA S@ .  9 S
(three-dimensional cube)/ SI\I /@ "! -

: \-/, (import an image) : !-


file----Import-------2D graphic
. : T > K = .@L  1 ! LM-
. . B4 Bb TU "! O8 S8 ~ -
(resized) " ZX  1 B4 Bb  / LM- R! -
.
. o h B I ~ -
! B-C  8 K. (Context click) ! B, -
.(Image entity's context menu)  
B@ S8  ! . (Use as Material) > -
- uQ -U (Model material library) -
.(Materials Browser)
 1 ! LM- . (Paint Bucket Tool)  B. > -
- uQ E2 !( paint bucket) : B. K = .@L
. (Material Browser)
130

B.  -/! I( Alt key) Q K. ~@  -! ~ -


/. b 0@L K  1 (Paint Bucket Tool) 
(eye dropper)
-. - B@ S8  1 K. ~- -
Materials ) - uQ -U (Model material library)
.(Browser
. (Alt key) Q X -
paint the ) - S.q 3f- =f K. ~ -
.(material
( material) - K. (Context-click) ! B, -
. (context menu)  ! B-C /
L TNAY (Texture > Position)> -
. B I (Context click) ! B, -
Position ) TU . ! B-C  (Done) > -
. (Texture Tool
 -/! I( Alt key) Q K. ~@  -! ~ -
/. b 0@L K  1 (Paint Bucket Tool)  B.
(eye dropper)
O> (eye dropper) b \ -/,   K. ~ -
. -. B 
. (Alt key) Q X -
. - S (sampled texture) B /   : -
.  X p. !

131

:Wrapping Material Around a Cylinder


p.A S@ .(cylinder) Bb! X p.4 (texture) 0/f }@
: Bb! X : 0h

(cylinder) *%ae  -
: \-/, (import an image) : !-

file----Import-------2D graphic
. : T > K = .@L  1 ! LM-
. . B4 Bb (Drawing Area) "! O8 S8 ~ -
. " ZX  1 B4 Bb  / LM- R! -
. o h B I ~ -
!   B-C  8 K. (Context click) ! B, -
.(Image entity's context menu)
Model ) -  B@ S8  ! . (Use as Material) > -
.(Materials Browser) - uQ -U (material library
.(Materials Browser) - uQ S8 (material) - K. B, -
T (Paint Bucket Tool) \q B. K = .@L  1 ! LM-
.
,X ,Q @ Bb!Y X  & p.! - . -  Bb!Y S.q -
. Bb!Y 0 X p. N

132

:Repositioning a Material on Hidden Geometry


04/A 3  / "I. Bb!= f 0h =f K. (texture) 04/A T b,A
04/ : \h. Bb!Y= f 0 K. /- texture)  :
:Bb! K. (texture)
. (cylinder) Bb!Y  -
: \-/, (import an image) : !-
file----Import-------2D graphic
. : T > K = .@L  1 ! LM-
.. B4 Bb (Drawing Area) "! O8 S8 ~ -
. " ZX  1 B4 Bb  / LM- R! -
. o h B I ~ -
!  B-C  8 K. (Context click) ! B, -
.(Image entity's context menu) 
-  B@ S8  ! . (Use as Material) > -
Materials ) - uQ -U (Model material library)
.(Browser
.(Materials Browser) - uQ S8 (material) - K. B, -
.(Paint Bucket Tool) \q B. K = .@L  1 ! LM-

133

,Q @ Bb!Y X  & p.! - . -  Bb!Y S.q -


. Bb!Y 0 X p. N ,X
.(Display > Hidden Geometry menu) B-C u.b > -
.Bb!Y wf X > -
!  B-C  8 +- = f K. (Context click) ! B, -
.(face entity's context menu) =f
. (Texture > Position menu) B-C u.b > -
. =f K. (Reposition) TU  -
Bb!( repositioned texture) TU(  Sample) > -
(material browser) - uQ S8 (eyedropper) b
. (Paint Bucket tool) \b B. T (Alt key) Q 0-/!
@L\ g Qq} (Display > Hidden Geometry) K. ~ -
.(turn off Hidden Geometry)
B  K. ( texture) TU  / (sampled) B /  : -
K. =/U    Y= !  A> O ( texture) . Bb!Y
. Bb!Y 0

:Projecting a Material
(Sketch Up's Texturing Positioning feature) ; %> , =g* S \
   9 @#3
 b D  @1 #3
N; G
]
* S \ @9 *; *S V b.. (slide projector) Z3
JO % D * 9 S = ,; L\ *$K
$ S #3

:J ;D S #3 . * >


B 8gq Bq >(a cone) + - 0h -  -
. = . E.,! - O . (building front) B4 Bf
: \-/, (import an image) : !-
file----Import-------2D graphic
. : T > K = .@L  1 ! LM-
. = . E.,! O  -   TU -
. 04- 0 Sb14 O " ZR K   -

134

K  04R (Explode) >  K. -4 LM-  ~ -


. (projected texture) E.,
:B X\
  . . (x-ray display mode) ~ B/L  E- u8
. - 0 Sb1A W R o/U
uQ  b ( Sample Paint Tool)  B  > -
Sample )  B  R,A  (Browser. Notice) -
tip of the ) K. T  !  8 (Paint Tool
projected ) E .,A E- S8 3 K  24 T- O . (tool
. (texture mode.
 B  T (projected texture) E .,A > -
.(Sample Paint Tool)
wf K. L ob.!   - . - wf K.  : -
. -  bb+ K EU

135

h 0Q
:construction tools
; > %>& $ ( construction tools) > J@6 .& aF
 9 *  V3
& ( & ) construction tools)
physical ) & >a :f (
construction geometry)
:0-2A wO .(documentation
(Text Tool)  (Measure Tool)  
B-C S8  A 0Q O . (Dimension Tool) / 
.(Tools menu)
: )b. e   8g &  J_

: Tape Measure Tool


  N )  ;J 3
(Tape Measure Tool)  1 # 
 ,   b. NG
. (dimension-related operations)  > 9 *1 
_ %o # \% 
 .(3D space) &fZO G6& $ Na1% N9 *$ 3
Construction ) _ %o* a1% % 
 (Construction Line entities)
. *?>G; 9U9  J;  , (Point entities
_ %o # N( ;Tape Measure Tool)  1 # #_%
. (Tools menu) * )+ , N; (Construction Toolbar)

136

:Measuring Distance
 B , C  0-/,A (Tape Measure Tool)  E4L
:  b   B8,-   .  b   B8,-
.(Tape Measure Tool )  E4L >
-
.  E4L K = .@L  1 ! LM-
\  -/,  . B4 Bb TU ~
-
K. EN  L  3  . ( inference ToolTip) Y!Y
.(exact point)  B4 Bb
3  ! =!  4A O wZAY LM-  X
-
3  E+ O S4 S8 LM-  /  B4  - ! b>
K. A S LM- BX ,X  1A =  .> "! 0@L
K. ~@  3   R K Bb   LM-   R4 S B8,-
   K Bb  /   4A S B h Bb
R4 O E+  RA - X .  b  A   / !  "
R- =  E E ] >A =!  "A O T.N   /
o hA   E- E+ O SQ+4  = R  A O
. / E> @
" !  .(endpoint)  B4 Bb K. B I ~
-
. (VCB) B-   "@R O8 S8  b  A   /

:Creating Construction Lines and Construction


Points
Bb  (Construction Line entities) 2} E  >
2 E>   . *,9  6; (Construction Point entities) 2}
E4L \ -/, (infinite parallel construction)SCY 
: (Tape Measure Tool)  
.(Tape Measure Tool)  E4L >
-
.  E4L K = .@L  1 ! LM-
! @O (line segment) E+  jf K. ~
-
B4 Bb TU (construction line) 2} E >K 
Bb   TA S "( On Edge") Bb K. ~@A Z4 3! 
. (line segment) E+ jZ B4 B4 
137

:B X\
2 E>   =f  BR "( On Edge")Y!Y Bb  
2 E>   ( "Midpoint") (Endpoint")  . SCY 
(construction point) 2 Bb T (finite construction line ) R
. B4 S8
- ! b> 3  ! =!  4A O wZAY LM-  X
"! 0@L 3  E+ O S4 S8 LM-  /  B4 
S B8,- K. A S LM- BX ,X  1A =  .>
Bb K. ~@  3   R K Bb   LM-   R4
  /  !  "  K Bb  /   4A S B h
=!  "A O T.N   /  R4 O E+  RA - X .  b  A
=  R  A O  R- =  E E ] >A
. / E> @o hA   E- E+ O SQ+4
2} E >TU 4A S Bb K. B I ~-
B-   "@R O8 S8  ! B C B8,- . (construction line)
.(VCB)

:B X\
2 Bb 4 ( "Midpoint") (Endpoint")   
.(Construction Point)

:Entering Exact Values


! .$ %(drawing construction lines) _ %o a\ 9 1
9
& 7 9 ( offset) #V ; ? T (VCB) *1 9
 \9 (different values) *6V; , !
=a3
. !9 , :>
&$ #V  . M  = \ ?a3
( VCB) *1 9 ! .$ % &$
. E #V P ; b 

138

:Scaling an Entire Model


(more-precise dimension) *, O  9 D] %  , =  a3

#   9 Na1% N9 *9a* $ 3! 9  *  f


(Tape Measure Tool)  1
.(reference line)  o #\ D   #V .
: 04- 0  
LM- .(Tape Measure Tool)  E4L >
-
.  E4L K = .@L  1 !
Y!Y\  -/,  . B4 Bb TU ~
-
B4 Bb K. EN  L  3  . (inference ToolTip )
.( exact point )  
E+  jZ ~ Q B4 Bb K  LM-  X
-
/   B4  - ! b> 3  ! .(line segment)
(VCB) B-   "@R O8 "! 0@L 3  E+ O S4 S8 LM-
. -  X LM- 34R A -    E4L q  ! 
B8,- . E+ jf  >B4 K. B I ~
-
. (VCB) B-   "@R O8 S8  ! B C
O .(VCB) B-   "@R O8 S8 E+. 4f "ZX 0>
-
proportional ) !- ! }   0-/, ! "ZR
 o - 8 \C,  4 X : . 3f- (rescale
. - " ZR "/ ~. - 0 " ZRA  4A 3
:B X\
uQ  BR,- o, ) S R  -  -U 2 S @ - E8
/4 @ -4. (Sf >p.  B.-R- -Component Browser - @-
. - ZRA

139

: Protractor Tool
#\ % (
 angles) r 1 J 3
(Protractor Tool) *1
. (Construction Line entities) _ %o
_ %o # N( ;Protractor Tool) *1 #
_
. (Tools menu) * )+ , N; (Construction Toolbar)

Measuring an Angle and Placing Angled Construction


: Lines
. r&  $ 3 *r9 _ %o #\ % = g G N; 
: B4j 2 E> TU  
X B. K  1 ! LM- B.- >
-
LM-  j- oI -N>/-X ,- ( aligned)
B.- . 04-. u R wZAY R- 04-  X B.-  X -
Q} T b,A . B4 @ L} R-  RA -  ZA  1!
-  (Shift key ) Q K. ~@  >wZA K. ( lock )
. .b- wZAY S8 B.-
140

B4j B- Bb K. B.- j Bb TU X ~  -


) Y!Y  .!  4 S( vertex point of the angle)
. EN  w4A O @ - S8 B.-   . ( inference ToolTips

S B4j. E >T (base of the protractor) B.-   X -


E+  q K. . (vertex) B4j B-  / R,  !  4A
. (inference ToolTips) Y!Y  . B.-  A - 
. BR R: E+ o/U 3

. B4j B4 TU B I ~ -


2 E >. , A S B4j. Sh E+ T RA W R B I B.- -
PXY . B.-  X LM- T ! (dotted construction line ) E
) wO K jQ! B4j . Bf( ) 4 K  2A  \B.-
0- .  X =RA I B.-  4 LM- (  tick marks
 B.- j  / LM- @ 4  h B R! B4j
. B.-  X R4
O8 S8 B4j }]  B4j. Sh E+ K. Bh h  -. ~ -
dotted construction ) E 2 E >. (VCB) B-   "@R
S8  A S B-  . B4j B4 K B4j wO K. N4 TU4 (line

141

the angular ) j  B-  /A (VCB) B-   "@R O8


.(rotation value.

:B X\
E1N ( VCB) B-   "@R O8 S8  >7 44 B4j B-  TU
(34.1) 0h B42/  f@  A @ -4 B-  . ( Enter ) Q K.
. 4f  f 0 4  1A @ -4 B-  wO . (1:6) 0h 0 
:Locking the Protractor
. & ! b 
e D *1 J61 (Shift key)  6; J 
: Entering Exact Angle Values
 9 T
U9 , &( degree of rotation ) * 

 f( VCB) *1 9  !.$ % &$ (angular degrees) *r
*1 Z 3; (drawing construction lines) _ %o a\
the angular ) r*  , \ G= a3
(Protractor Tool)
*1 9 ! .$ % &$ (  ;> slope) J( rotation value.
. (construction line)_ %o #\ =g* r 19 1
; (VCB)

:Entering an Angular Rotation Value


*1 9  !.$ % &$ *_ , =>?  9 *?>G; *! 
#>G 9 ]a  (34.1) =>?: O . *1 7 E
 9 (VCB)
1 P *r >* ! 3 1 . (34.1) 1; *
 * 9 Z\ *1,@ 9 ** , !
=a3
. * 3
.(rotation operation)
:Entering a Slope Value
(colon) @ 6;  , = ?> (slope) J! * 
*r >* ! 3 1 . (8:12) : JO; (VCB) *1 9  !.$ % &$
Z\ *1,@ 9 ** , !
=a3
. * 3 1 P
.(rotation operation)  * 9
142

:Axes Tool
! )! J 3
(Axes Tool] 
!; / 
% Ng . O , :
 ]!9 MK! ;
_ U 3 ;*a3
&
 ;! G 9 (skewed) *$ . t 9 N V3
, b.)
 3 19 O 3~ *, & 
? D / ; 3 7o f
. (default coordinate planes) * 1
#_% ! ; N # _%o ; *+ , N)
R 34R : Moving the Drawing Axes !" :
> R- . w@L  1 ! LM- R T-Z K .
X - LM- b K S8 B! gA 3-  ./ZA jXY I
4Z ) ! . ( coordinate origin ! jQR S2-A4 B K
LM-! 0-/ Y!Y )TU (inference ToolTips
 j R- Z S8 4 @- O . EN  w4A
-~ . . 3 O
-! R  / LM-  -R TU j R-.  -X
! 0-/ Y!Y ). (inference ToolTips  3o4f
 .- B R-   . B
-~ .  R- .
-! R  / LM-  -R TU j R-. N>Y!0-/
Y!Y ). (inference ToolTips  3 .- o4fB
R-   . B
-~  > .  R- .
  o-Y   1 R- R-  ! @ - K. 4 ,-
4Z/-X>.N

143

\:B X
  1AR T !"  ,  14  \ . S R ]
 / -,.

:Resetting the Drawing Axes


> E 9 P) N\ ) ; ( Reset+ , N*  3 ) context
o (menu !  ,; D . (default position) & 1

144

:Dimension Tool
 > % = g J 3
( Dimension Tool )  >
. ]% &$ (Dimension entities)
_ %o # N ( ;Dimension Tool )  > #_

. (Tools menu) * )+ , N; (Construction Toolbar)


:Placing Linear Dimensions
9)& fZO  D 3
 ;%>& $ ( Dimensions ) 9)
. )\J 3
N( points) 1( Edges) $ !. (3D model)
end ) )\1 :NG
*>  1. ( Dimensions ) 9)
(edge points) $ ! 1% (midpoints) *a 1 (points
(circle centers) + r( ;arc) 1 (intersections) ? 1
*a\ F 1 N9 ;Z /a>g N (Dimension leaders) 9) J.
G6& $ ; o , 6; 9)&  &
 $ ( non-linear )
.(3D) 9)& fZO

: 3f- S8  b   / O>


."! K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Dimension Tool) / > -
. /. B4 Bb TU ~ -
. /    4A O wZAY S8 LM-  X -
. /     4A W X B4 Bb K. B I ~ -
. -   / / E > R, LM-  X -
. / T o h Bh I  LM- K. ~ -
X : S8 / BX  = . b , " 4 /4 / T -f  
. -  ./

:Dimension Plane
NG ..  3; N; 7& $ ( dimensions) 9) .= \a3

: &( current axial planes) * ! ! 3;


31
&* $  ! !3( /N>/-X N>/-X)
+ 1 9   3 D
! a1 a1 L@% 9 .
3& ] $ #1$ /!
N  3& $ =g .\E   > 7.
.
:Placing Radius Dimensions
:  K. (radius dimension) b p / TU
."! K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Dimension Tool) / > -
145

.  K. ~ -
. -  > / E> TU LM-  X -
. +- B8,- K. / o h Bh I  LM- K. ~ -

:Placing Diameter Dimensions


: C  K. (diameter)b  / TU
."! K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Dimension Tool) / > -
.  K. ~ -
. -  > / E> TU LM-  X -
. +- B8,- K. / o h Bh I  LM- K. ~ -
-
: Diameters to Radius, Radius to Diameter
Type > Radius or ) \ f (dimension)  > D N) E 9 P>
 9 D( radius dimension) a1 L@%  9 F ( Diameter
. P  9 ( diameter)a1

146

:Text Tool
D( Text entities) z %  o V3
(Text Tool) z
_ %o # N; (Text Tool) z #_% . 
. (Tools menu) * )+ , N; (Construction Toolbar)
:  S8   3 
.(Leader Text) 0  
. (Screen Text) BL2 
:Creating and Placing Leader Text
.( leader line) *e #( !  \Leader Text) J z
:(Leader Text) B Y  TU   .  D_
0 b, T "! K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Text Tool)  > -
. X \I =.>
leader ) B Y E  >Bb K  L  4 K. ~ -
. 0   = 24 O T- ( line
.= 8   4  4A W X BL2 K. T- K  LM-  X -
34R 3 >\  -@4 - ! ( leader line) B Y E>
. BL2  X LM-
text )   > : . (text)  TU K. B I ~ -
"! 0h ( default text) S!   T( !  entry box
B Y E+ B4 Bb o ( name of a component ) @-
( square footage ) T- " .Q ( component) @- o,- 
. T- = f o,-  B Y E+ B4 Bb o T-.

147

l
.(text entry box)   > : S8(text)  0>

(Enter key) Q K. ~ (text)   : ~ >-


.   > -} A
:B X\
: (leaders) B Y  b>  3 
.View Based .Pushpin 148

2D screen ) /} B Ch BL2 wZA y./4 :View Based leader


.(orientation
- T 4( 3D space)/} SI\h  NQ  R4 :Pushpin leader
. 2-  1A 
-  ./ X : S8  BX  +,A  4RA T b,A
.
: @8
=f }] (Text Tool)  S8 @A  =f K. ,
. (Text entity)  C@

:Placing Screen Text


.  9 *a>
; 3 &* 9 (
!  Screen Text) z *
:(Screen Text)  BLL TU  
0 b, T "! K = .@L  1 ! LM- . (Text Tool)  > -
. X \I =.>
 BLL  A  4A W X BL2 K. T- K  LM-  X -
.(Screen Text)
text entry )   > : . (text)  TU K. B I ~ -
.  ! (box
.(text entry box)   > : S8(text)  0> -
Enter ) Q K. ~  ( text )   : ~ >-
(Screen Text) BLL .  > -} A ( key
4A BZ /  = A -   1 BL2 K. BI K!
. -
:Editing Text
) \ e( Text Tool) z #_
=; ( text ) z D  3>
 D N )E 9 P> G= a3
. z ! (Select Tool
*+ , N ( ;Edit Text menu) z*
! + , \( Text entity) z
.(Text entity's context menu) z 

:Text Settings
&$ ( settings) o   9 
(Text entities) z % 
.  ; ; 7 S &$ (Text panel ) z J17

149

:Section Plane Tool


) =a1= a, fU
 J 3
(Section Plane Tool ) =a1 3;
Section Plane ) =a1 3; %  Z 3; ( Section Cut Effects
. ( section slice ) =a1; *! ( Entities
) _ %o # N ( ;Section Plane Tool ) =a1 3; #_%
.(Tools menu) * )+ , N; ( Construction Toolbar
:Creating Section Cut Effects
: (section plane entity) Tb  , B8U}
 1 ! LM- . ( Section Plane Tool ) Tb  , > -
. LM T Tb , K = .@L
, .- S8 f- wZAY R- X Tb  , X -
R- 0@2  R =ZA /!( Section Plane Tool ) Tb
K. ~@  -!   @~ / wZA K. 0QA T b,A . B4
. .b- wZAY S8 Tb  ,  ( Shift key ) Q
BR4L  . ( section plane entity ) Tb  , TU ~ -
. (section cut effect)Tb- Tb  IA  (section slice) Tb

:B X\
o >  B-Z K. 0-/4  ( !section plane ) Tb  ,
Tb  , O . (E8  BR4L 0- 4A S  - 3.A  > T b!Y
O S R  , S8 @ 0 S8 (section slice) Tb BR4L   !
. , S8 @ T -f Sb1 T!! BR42

:Manipulating Section Planes


( Rotate Tool) ( Move Tool ) *=   !a3

] ?. \% = g 9 1


%=  a1 3; =g o
. (section planes) =a1 3; *  * \$ g

:Reverse Cutting Direction


D N) E 9 P> 9 P  N (section plane) =a1 3; b 

context )  3* + , N; (reverse) ( \ section plane) =a1 3;


. (menu

150

:Changing The Active Section Plane


* \  F *a_%
O7 *g; (section planes) =a1;  3;
section ) =a1 3; #_  1? ] . \ 3; =a1; JO; \
)\ e( ;= section plane) =a1 3; D 3> : (plane
;h = \ a1 3; D N) E 9 *3> ( Select Tool
. (context menu)  3* + , N; ( Activate)

:B X\
. - S8 ! 0 @E24 @ -4 X( section plane) Tb-  ,
@- ( group) B-Z- S8 (section plane) Tb-  , O
\Q ! S8 /4 -Y o ~ Q S8 E24 @ -4 ( component )
B-Z = O = O  - . @B-Z > Tb ,-
B/ 3.-4 (two other groups) 4> -Z N4 R4 O ( group)
B4,- B-Z- 0 !  > B-Z B4 ) !  > BQ.+ ! 
-U RA B-Z 0@ X !  ( top level group )  ./
B/ O>A @ -4 (( top-level group ) B-Z-. S /  ,-
. o ~ Q S8 Bb2 Tq

:Creating Grouped Section Slices


; \ f (Section Plane ) =a1 3; D N) E 9 P> -
.(context menu)  3* + , N; (Slice) *! N; (Create Group)
* ;Ng (encapsulated) LF
$ 7  . -
b. . b ?= ;= 1 (section planes) =a1 3; O7 (group)
) 6
, ( section outline) M% D
! , *
`
7 N; (geometry) J_
; ;= $ 7 *%; $ (exploded
.1 ; J * [39 (slices) 8+ J ] 8
*1 b..

:Exporting Sections
=a1; *! =; ]% ( } section cut effects) @9 ] 83 ; %>
. 36% ( section slices) =a1 8+( { section slice )

:Exporting Models with Section Cut Effects


) % N; % ( 
@ section cut effects )  % @

section ) ( Section planes) =a1 3; . ( bitmap image file


Section ) =a1 3; . * D  . @L& $ T (cuts
. (section cuts) ( planes
151

:Section Slice...
*S \ Z 3; (section slices) =a1 8+ G @ N  ;%>
2D vector ) N >
 * e ?= 1 . ( Section Slice Export )
*
 e ?= 1 9 * &
@1a P69 *,9 1
N ( sections
. (2D vector sections) N >

: Using Sections with Pages


*!6@& $ /T67 N (Section Plane Tool ) =a1 3; #_

. (Tour Guide) *1


   f( ! Section cut effects ) . (page)

:Align View
=a1 3; *  + , N( ;Align View) _ ; ;! J 
model ) ;_ /
 o (Section Plane Context menu)
. J  . (Section Plane ) =a1 3; D ;_ D( view
sectional ) = a1;  ( Para line mode) #% =;
> e 9 ;)
. ] 7 /a1% N; (perspective views) /T; ( ;_ elevation

152

T! 0Q
-: Camera
(-) ; %9 Ng (camera tools) @* h  31 .!
point of ) T* a1% *  J 3
&* @ &
] ) h
. ( view

: NG
)b.

zoom tool Pan tool Orbit tool

153

-: Previous
;_  \ N ;J_ :9 3 _ D  N ] ;V .
. (Standard Display Option) * 1 so
: *    ) [
9  V .=   a3

.Orbit Tool , Par Tool , Position Camera Tool , Look Around Tool
*h # N; ; ) b. #_
. (Zoom tools) > N; 
. @* h *+ , N; @

-: Standard View
:  * ;!, * ?= 1% 9 ; %> %r

: S wO B4 
Top

154

D )N; J__  9 1% `7

Front

); N; J_ ;_  N; 
(*6V&   ) $ %6  V .)

Back

LV N; J_ * N; 

Left

3 N; J_ * N; 

Right

N N; J_ ;_  N; 

ISO

*3 /n9 J_ ;_  N; 

Bottom

J6) N; J__  9 1% `7

:@8
paraline ) T  -/!@ -4 ( Standard View ) B !   2-
S8Y Eb+- (elevation)-/ Eb+- :  !4@ (projection
. (Section)Tb- (plan)
:Printing Standard Views in Perspective Mode
Perspective ) T #% &$ ;
:>a
T *1 N%1
9)& + f &] 
 % (export) @
(
 ?>= mode
 .$ % &$   19 N ( output)  (2D vector)
3 ( _ Top ) D )N _ ;:h- . ( Drawing Area )
&1$ #aV; 
Ne N *1a P69  ;_F ( Isometric )
#% &$  ;%> N  ; ( Isometric ) 3 (  ;plan ) &117
. (Paraline mode)
: B X\
B-C u.b  ( perspective projection ) B /U S8 @A
(.u: ) B\ = . 4 B & B-C S8 (Perspective menu)  -

-: Perspective
; %>& $ = * ) a3
 >? N & _  D* $ go
J _a\ `
7. (Axonometric);%3 D3
 ;* a\
$ (Perspective) T; . G 9 =; * ;9)& + O 3
. &Z* a1% &$ &
/ *1$) aV

155

Perspective ) T & ;_ - ; %9 &$ * 1 * g
* aV * ;_ g * 7 &$  J 
= a3
N( View
** ;1$) aV& * $ MK N ]( Paraline Projection)
. G >

: B X\
ISO ) E, 0h  -A ~  S8 (ISO) ",Z-  @  2
!A S8 X , Y , Z R-  q K. SL = 8 @4 O ( Metric
B4 B !  @  B4  .4(  / )44 Bq, 2- O
. / SI\h  NQ S8 04-

:Using the Isometric (Iso) View


,& 117 ( Isometric view) 3;  ;_ D ; ! ;_ %>
3 ;_ #_
( ;current view angle) & ! * ;_ D
@* h / (Orbit Tool) J  . ( Isometric view)
view) 3 ;_ #_% \. \ ;_ D 3 ;_ F \h ; D
actual Isometric ) & 6 3 ;_ D (lock) >O (Isometric
D ! true Isometric ) (view &11! 3 ;_ 9 .
. (view
.(Paraline mode) * aV #%
-: Field Of View
*& ; $ > G!e J 3
** ; + , & ;
. * ; :G
= 9 ] 83 `!9
156

:Orbit Tool
J_ 7 9* fZf &$ @* h o J 3
(Orbit Tool) 
#_
. V N ;J_ T
; 6; )b. . 3
.  ;# N; *  ; + , J \N( ;Orbit Tool) 
:Orbiting the View
 -/!  -U 34R. . (3D orbit ) E
( Orbit Tool ) 
:(Orbit Tool)-
 !-! K = .@L  1 ! LM- .( Orbit Tool )- > -
.>\
. -4 LM- K. ~ -
(drawing area) "! O8 j X 4. wZA K LM-  X -

:Pan Tool
D 1$ (  camera tools ) * @h ] !J 3
)b.
.(picture plane)  @3; ?
*+ , N; ( Camera Toolbar) * @h # N; ; ) b. #_

. ( Camera menu ) @* h


.  D E J ) !b. \
:Panning the View
3  . ( pan operation) * * !E
(Pan Tool) !
: (Pan Tool) R  -/!
. 4 K = .@L R4 LM- .(Pan Tool) R > -
. ,4 LM- K. ~ -
. 0@2 34R @K LM-  X -
:Panning While in the Orbit Tool (3 Button Mouse)
* g& $ ( ;
Shift key)  6; D P>& $  P>
P> . *,E; @9 (Pan Tool) !#_ ( Orbit Tool) 
E D] .9 3
P>
9 3eE D P>& $ 
. (Pan Tool) !#_ #)

157

:Zoom Tool
E J ) >b. #_
; $  F@
) > b. J 3

*h *+ , N ) ; ;b. #_


N .( - +) *;Z = * ;> ;D
b>
 J_ N  * ;1
;.@* h # N@ ;
* 9 ] J 6

bF@
 J_ N
 ;
> 
F@
$ LV D  * 
J_> $ ); D  * E
* J 3
; (Zoom) = ,; 1 E= ,; . 
J_
. 3) E J 3
; (Zoom) r ;1 * _ r ;9 E
r  D 3) E 9 N
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:Perspective Adjustment (Field of View)
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:Zoom Window Tool


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Keyboard Hot Key: CTRL + Shift + W


:Zooming in on a Portion of Your Model
 jf X B. b,  @A O8 . O8 O "! 3 u A wO
0> T4 O jZ (  !@ Zoom Window Tool )  @

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158

-> 8O @  ) . (Zoom Window Tool LM-


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:Zoom Extents Tool
b.)
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Keyboard Hot Key: CTRL + Shift + E


:Position Camera Tool
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:Walk Tool
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159

!-/ Z. S2- S8 - ) Using the Walk Tool to


: (Tour Your Model
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~ !Q K. ~@  - )Q (ALT \> S2- Z
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160

  +,A  3 X : S2-


> P D P> 9  E) J 3
; # o
Z T 7 ) ( Look Around Tool
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:Look Around Tool


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( Look Around Tool@ 7 *a1%
*a1% D *9 f_@
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 / D) D D) J6 M%  N; J. (Pan) M%  D
b.) ;6   T\ J G6  1*  9 
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_ # b.)  ; ;+ , N* _& \Z ) Walkthrough
(Tool ; *h *+ , N@ .

:Looking Around
wO MA   .- ( Tilt ) 0 - R( Tilt ) B  ( Pan ) B
R-/! (Pan) B ): (Look Around Tool
> ) 0@L  1 ! ( Look Around Tool LM-  K
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161

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