By MELCON S.

LAPINA, MSCrim

Q1
A branch of criminology dealing with prison management, and the deterrence and reformatory treatment of criminals. a. Corrections b. Penology c. Punishment d. Rehabilitation

Q2
Period in history where offenders may seek refuge in the church. a. 13th Century b. 16th Century c. 17th Century d. 19th Century

Q3
Children and lunatics were exempted from punishment on ground that they are not capable of knowing the effects of their criminal acts intelligently. a. Classical School b. Neo Classical School c. Positivist School d. Eclectic School

Q4
A harsh code that provides the same punishment for both citizens and the slaves. a. Code of Hammurabi b. Justinian Code c. Code of Draco d. Burgundian Code

Q5
A correctional institution used to detain persons who are in the lawful custody of the government (either accused persons awaiting trial or convicted persons serving a sentence); a British term. a. Ergastulum b. Underground cistern c. Mamertine Prison d. Gaols

Q6
An early prison which was built in 1556 in London for the employment and housing of English prisoners. a. Bridewell Institution b. Sing Sing Prisons c. St Michael Prisons d. Borstal Prison

Q7
A prison reformer responsible for the abolition of death penalty and torture as a form of punishment. a. Cesare Bonesana Marchese de Beccaria b. Charles Montesquieu c. Voltaire d. William Penn

Q8
This penal farm occupies a total of 16,408.5 hectares. a. Davao Penal Colony b. Iwahig Penal Farm c. New Bilibid Prison d. Sablayan Penal Colony & Farm

BACK

Q9
Following are the principal purposes of prison in the past, EXCEPT a. Vengeance b. Punishment c. Deterrence d. Reformation

Q10
Term being used to sentenced prisoner. a. Convict b. Inmate c. Intern d. Prisoner

Q11
Agency that exercises supervision and control of institution and community based corrections. a. Department of Interior and Local Government b. Department of Justice c. Supreme Court of the Philippines d. Department of Social Work & Department

Q12
Also known as insular prisoners and are sentenced to more than 3 years imprisonment. a. City prisoners b. Municipal prisoners c. National prisoners d. Provincial prisoners

Q13
It refers to the requirements for admission in any of BUCOR facilities. a. Carpeta b. Commitment order c. Mittimus d. Per capita

Q14
It is a unit where a prisoner is examined to determine individualized treatment program. a. Admission Unit b. Assignment Unit c. Classification Unit d. Reception and Diagnostic Center

Q15
Habitual delinquents and escapees are housed in a. Minimum security b. Medium security c. Maximum security d. Super maximum security

Q16
A newly arrived inmate committed for the first time is classified in the BUCOR as a. 1st Class Inmate b. 2nd Class Inmate c. 3rd Class Inmate d. Colonist

Q17
The law that governs correctional system in the Philippines, otherwise known as Prison Law. a. Civil Code of the Philippines b. National Internal Revenue Code c. Revised Administrative Code of the Philippines d. Revised Penal Code of the Philippines

Q18
Following are the occasions inmates may be allowed to go out, EXCEPT a. Medical examination b.Treatment or hospitalization c. View remains of a deceased relative d.Therapeutical leave

Q19
In general, a detainee is not required to work except if necessary for cleanliness and orderliness. Full credit of period of preventive detention is given if detainee agreed in writing to abide with the same regimen with sentenced prisoners. If detainee does not agree, he will be entitled to a. 1/5 of detention period b. 3/4 of detention period c. 4/5 of detention period d. 5/8 of detention period

Q20
Crime is no longer defined as an attack on the state and a violation of law but rather an offense by one person against another and a violation of relationships. a. Punitive Justice b. Rehabilitative Justice c. Restorative Justice d. Retributive Justice

Explanations
Rights of Inmates To receive compensation for labor he performed To be deducted GCTA from sentence as long as there are no infractions warranting nondeduction under the law To send and receive correspondence To practice his faith or religion

Explanations
Rights of Inmates To receive authorized visitors on designated time and place To air grievances through the proper channels To receive death benefits and pecuniary aid for injuries

Explanations
Detainee not required to work only necessary for cleanliness & orderliness
Full credit of period of preventive detention if detainee agreed in writing to abide same regimen with sentenced prisoners; not allowed to recidivist 4/5 of detention period if detainee does not agree

Explanations
Female inmates assigned to jobs suitable to their physical condition & age Inmates over 60 yrs old excused from mandatory prison labor Maximum security inmates not allowed to work outside maximum-security compound Compensation may be received 6 mos after being permanently assigned to work

Explanations
All/part of compensation may be paid for supplies & equipment lost or damaged due to his fault Compensation how given to buy his needs paid only upon release

NEXT Q

Explanations
Inmates Allowed to Go Out upon Approval of Sec of DOJ on the ff occasions: Medical examination Treatment or hospitalization

Explanations
View remains of a deceased relative (for minimum or medium security prisoners only): Wife or husband Child Brother/sister Parents Grandchild Grandparent

Explanations
NOTE: privilege allowed if remains is w/in 30-km radius by road; viewing is no more than 3 hrs; and may be granted even for more than 30-km provided inmate can return during daylight hours of same day

Explanations
Transfer of Inmate to Prison & Penal Farm upon recommendation of Classification Board, Director of Corrections may transfer inmate if: Physically & psychologically fit Assignment is therapeutically beneficial

NEXT Q

Explanations
Law Governing Correctional System Sections 1705 1751 of Revised Administrative Code of the Philippines Mode of Treatment of Prisoners Section 1725 Humane Youthful offenders separated from adult convicts Female inmates separated from male
NEXT Q

Explanations
Classification of Inmates in BUCOR Detainee have other pending cases 3rd Class Inmate previously committed for 3 times or more demoted from higher class

Explanations
2nd Class Inmate newly arrived inmate committed for 1st time demoted from higher class promoted from lower class 1st class Inmate Earned thru his character & credit for work while still in detention Promoted from lower class

Explanations
Colonist 1st Class Inmate for at least 1 yr Served w/ good conduct, at least 1/5th his maximum sentence Has served 7 yrs in case of life sentence Privilege of colonist: Act No. 2489, Industrial Good Time law
NEXT Q

Explanations
Classification: Determine (1) security status, & (2) privilege entitlement Classification Board:
Chairman Penal Superintendent V-Chairman Chief, RDC Member Medical Officer Member Chief, Education Section Member Agro-Industries Section Member Chief Overseer

Explanations
Maximum security inmates death, 20 yrs minimum sentence Remand inmates or detainees w/ 2o yrs minimum sentence Sentence under review by SC, Sentence under appeal, With pending cases, Recidivists,

Explanations
Maximum security inmates Habitual delinquents & escapees, Under disciplinary punishment or safekeeping, Criminally insane or with severe personality or emotional disorders dangerous to others Inmates still confined at RDC

Explanations
Medium security inmates Less than 20 yrs Remand inmates below 20 yrs 18 yrs old & below regardless of case or sentence, 2 or more escape records but have served 8 yrs since recommitment, Life imprisonment who have served at least 5 yrs upon recommendation of Superintendent

Explanations
Minimum security inmates With severe physical handicap 65 yrs old & above & not on appeal or w/out pending case Who have served at least of minimum sentence Who have served 1/3 of maximum sentence EXCELUDING good conduct & time allowance (GCTA) W/ only 6 mos to serve before expiration of maximum sentence
NEXT Q

Explanations
RDC for admission of new prisoners. Prisoners will be Studied Classified Purpose of RDC: For individualized treatment program

Explanations
Death sentence prisoners not admitted in RDC; directly placed on death row, awaiting automatic review of their cases Female inmates (more than 3 yrs) Correctional Institute for Women in Mandaluyong City & undergo classification at RDC there.

Explanations
Upon Admission: inmate with pending case, quarantined for a minimum of 5 days for the ff: Physical & mental examination; sick brought to NBP hospital. Orientation on prison rules Private interview

Explanations
Within 2 mos: tests for individualized treatment: 1. Psychiatric 2. Psychological 3. Sociological 4. Vocational 5. Educational 6. Religious 7. IQ test 8. Other test

NEXT Q

Explanations
Mittimus and Commitment Order Per capita literally means per head. This is being applied to the budget per prisoner per day which is P30.00.

Explanations
Contents of Carpeta: Pre-Parole Report/Pre-Parole Questionnaire/Pre-Executive Clemency Investigation Report Prison Record Mittimus/Commitment Order of Court warrant issued by a court bearing its seal & signature of judge, directing jail or prison authorities to receive inmates for custody or service of sentence imposed therein.

Explanations
Contents of Carpeta: Fiscals Information & Court decision Certification of detention, if any Certification that case is not on appeal, or if appealed (decision of appellate court) Certification from warden if national prisoner, reason(s) for his continued confinement

Explanations
Contents of Carpeta: Detainees manifestation (R.A. 6127) Estafa, swindling & illegal recruitment case: certification of no pending case

NEXT Q

Explanations
Classification of Prisoners
National Prisoners Provincial Prisoners Municipal Prisoners City Prisoners

Explanations
3 agencies of DOJ exercising supervision & control of institution & community based corrections: Bureau of Corrections (BUCOR): rehab of national prisoner Board of Pardons & Parole Parole & Probation Administration

Explanations
Other agencies: DILG & Provincial Local Government Unit municipal, city & provincial prisoners
DILG: District, City & Municipal Jails nationwide Provincial Local Government Units: Provincial Jails

DSWD youth offenders

Operates Regional Rehabilitation Centers, located in 10 sites nationwide
NEXT Q

Explanations
Changes in Prison Terminologies:
Convicts: changed to inmates Inmates: there are moves to change it to interns, as if they are now the same as medical students doing practical training in hospitals; Bureau of Prisons: changed to Bureau of Corrections Confinement quarters: named dormitories, like college students boarding and lodging at the facility; Imprisonment: now called confinement, like being confined in a hospital for treatment of an illness; & Prison: now called penal facility or simply facility.
NEXT Q

Explanations
7 Penal Colonies of the Philippines: 1. San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm 2. Iwahig Penal Farm 3. Correctional Institution for Women 4. New Bilibid Prison 5. Davao Penal Colony 6. Sablayan Penal Colony & Farm 7. Leyte Regional Prison

Explanations
Other prison or related institution:
Old Bilibid Prison Reception & Diagnostic Center Manila Office Provincial Jail System

NEXT Q

Explanations
Prison Reformers Name William Penn Contribution first leader to prescribe imprisonment as correctional treatment for major offenders responsible for the abolition of death penalty and torture as a form of punishment French historian and philosopher who analyzed law as an expression of justice believes that fear of shame was a deterrent to crime presented the humanistic goal of law

Charles Montesquieu Voltaire

Cesare Beccaria

Explanations
Prison Reformers Name Jeremy Bentham John Howard Contribution greatest leader in reform of English Criminal Law believes that whatever punishment designed to negate whatever pleasure or gain criminal derives from crime, crime rate would go down Devised panoptical prison Sheriff of Bedfordshire, England; recommended: maintenance of facilities for children & women provision of sanitation facilities adequate salaries for jailers Director of prison in Valencia, Spain in 1935 Divided prisons into companies Appointed prisoners as petty officers in charge

Manuel Montesion

Explanations
Prison Reformers Name Llemetz of France Contribution established agricultural colony for delinquent boys in 1839 appointed house fathers as in charge of delinquent boys

Alexander Maconochie

former superintendent of British penal colony at Norfolk Island governor of Birmingham Borough Prison introduced Mark System substitute for corporal punishment prisoner: required to earn a number of marks by good behavior, labor & study enable prisoner to earn ticket of leave or conditional release, similar to parole
director of Irish Prison in 1854 introduced Irish System a.k.a. progressive stage system father of parole in various European countries

Sir Walter Crofton

Explanations
Prison Reformers Name Zebulon R. Brockway Sir Evelyn Ruggles Brise Contribution "Father of prison reform" in the United States first superintendent of Elmira Reformatory Institution introduced a program of education, training in useful trades, physical activity, indeterminate sentences, inmate classification, and an incentive program believed that primary reason to have a prisoner in custody was to rehabilitate and not simply just to punish first introduced good time system: reduction of sentences thru good marks earned thru good behavior director of English Prison opened Borstal Institute after visiting Elmira Reformatory in 1897

James V. Bennett

director of Federal Bureau of Prisons wrote about closing of Alcatraz Prison

Explanations
Prison Reformers Name Fred T. Wilkinson Jean Jacques Villain Contribution last warden of Alcatraz Prison pioneered classification to separate women or children from hardened criminals

NEXT Q

Explanations
Early Prison Systems Prison Description

Bridewell Institution

Sing Sing Prisons

first house of correction established in 1556 in Bridewell, England; a workhouse for vagabonds, idlers, and rogues vagrants and prostitutes were given work while serving their sentences forerunner of prison industry program superseded by banishment
floggings, denial of reading materials and solitary confinement shower bath was a gadget so constructed as to drop a volume of water on the head of a locked naked offender force of icy cold water hitting head of offender caused so much pain and extreme shock that prisoners immediately sank into coma due to shock and hypothermia or sudden drop in body temperature

Explanations
Early Prison Systems Prison Description St. Michael Prisons first established in the year 1704 at the Hospital of St. Michael during the reign of Pope Clement XI divided into cells prototype of reformatories for juvenile offenders concepts: - Rehabilitative concept - Segregation of prisoners - Forced silence for contemplation of prisoners - Many practices were adopted in Auburn system

Explanations
Early Prison Systems Prison Description

Borstal Prison

Now known as HM Prison Rochester Male Young Offenders Institution, located in the Borstal area of Rochester in Kent, England Founded in 1870 Was then an experimental juvenile prison of the reformatory type set up in 1902 First detention center of its kind in the UK Word "Borstal" became synonymous with other detention centers for youths across the country, and elsewhere
Located at Alcatraz Island (the Rock) in San Francisco Bay A military fortification, a military prison, and a Federal Bureau of Prisons federal prison until 1963 Considered a National Historic Landmark in 1986

Alcatraz Prison

Explanations
Early Prison Systems Prison Description

Panopticon

type of building designed by Jeremy Bentham in the late 18th century purpose: allow an observer to observe (-opticon) all (pan-) inmates of an institution without them being able to tell whether or not they are being watched. opened in 1876 first penal institution with philosophy on reformation and treatment educational and vocational program: to treat lack of skill to survive; forerunner of modern penology parole started in U.S. in 1876 at Elmira Reformatory

Elmira Reformatory

Panopticon

Explanations
Early Prison Systems Prison Description

Walnut Street Jail

first American penitentiary located in Philadelphia solitary confinement caters education, athletics, military, vocational & religious trainings for developing good citizens not a real prison but abandoned copper mine of Simsbury, Connecticut inmates: confined underground (black hole of horrors) superseded by Wethersfield Connecticut in 1827

Newgate Prison

Explanations
Early Prison Systems Prison Description

Auburn System

located at Auburn, State of New York a.k.a. congregate system solitary confinement tiny cells for individual prisoners absolute silence prisoners allowed to work during daytime
rival of Auburn system a.k.a. solitary system Walnut Street Jail in 1790 Western Penitentiary in 1826 Eastern Penitentiary in 1830 concept of solitary confinement and rendering labor cell: exercise area work area for prisoner to work during the day solitary confinement coupled with Bible reading NEXT Q

Pennsylvania System

Explanations
Gaol is an old term which simply means jail. Ergastulum is a Roman prison used to confine slaves; they were attached to workbenches and forced to do hard labor in period of imprisonment. Underground cistern is a reservoir for storing liquids; especially an underground tank for storing rainwater. This was also used as prison in ancient times. Mamertine Prison is an early Roman place of confinement which is built under the main sewer of Rome in 64 B.C.
NEXT Q

Explanations
1. Code of Hammurabi (1760 B.C.) oldest code prescribing savage punishment. Its core principle: Lex Taliones a.k.a. an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. 2. Justinian Code written by Emperor Justinian of Rome in 6th C.A.D. 3. The Twelve Tables (XII Tabulae) represented the earliest codification of Roman law incorporated into the Justinian Code.

Explanations
4. Code of Draco a harsh code that provides the same punishment for both citizens and the slaves 5. Burgundian Code specified punishment according to the social class of offenders. 6. Code of Kalantiao promulgated in 1433 by Datu Kalantiao 7. Maragtas Code by Datu Sumakwel
NEXT Q

Explanations
Theory Classical Description Emphasis on crime not offender Punishment: retributive & punitive; proportional to crime Man has free will Psychological hedonism Punishment (pain) must exceed thought of committing crime (pleasure) Punishment All: regardless of age, mentality, social status & other personal circumstances Essentially agrees with Classical School Children & lunatics should not be punished: cannot calculate pleasure & pain A.k.a. Italian School Crime: social phenomenon Criminal: sick person needing treatment not punishment Proponents of parole, probation, juvenile court, experiments with youthful offenders, & other measures

Neo Classical

Positivist

Explanations
Eclectic means selecting what seems best of various styles or ideas. This is true in our RPC:
Classical: Imposition of capital punishment or greater penalty on heinous crimes Neo-classical: Exempting circumstances Positivist: Compassionate on economic & social crime
NEXT Q

Explanations
Period 13th Century Practice Securing Sanctuary Description Criminal seeks refuge in church to avoid punishment After 40 days, he is compelled to leave by a road or path assigned to him Practiced in England Russia and other European countries followed at the end of 16th century Partially relieved overcrowding of prisons Abandoned in 1826 Became prevalent as a form of punishment

16th Century Transportation

17th 18th Century Death Penalty

Explanations
GOLDEN AGE OF PENOLOGY: 1870 1880 National Prisons Association was organized in Cincinnati in 1870 First International Congress in 1872 at London
International Penal & Penitentiary Commission was established in 1875; Hague, Netherlands: first headquarters

Elmira Reformatory was established in NY in 1876 Separate institution for women in Indiana & Massachussetts
NEXT Q

Explanations
CORRECTIONS & PENOLOGY are somewhat related in that both are concerned with the REHABILITATION of prisoners but PENOLOGY is the branch of criminology. CORRECTIONS is the more preferred term in the modern era as it implies more of rehab than PENOLOGY which infers punishment.

Explanations
The term PENOLOGY came from: PENO Greek word PIONO and Latin word POENA which means PUNISHMENT. LOGY came from Latin word LOGOS means science.

Explanations
PUNISHMENT is something someone is made to do to compensate for a wrongdoing, especially for crime.
Synonymous to penalty suffering inflicted by state for transgressing of law. Theories justifying penalties:
1. Prevention 2. Self-defense 3. Reformation 4. Exemplarity 5. Justice 6. Retribution 7. Expiation/Atonement 8. Deterrence

Explanations
Early forms of punishment:
1. Death 2. Physical torture 3. Mutilation 4. Branding 5. Public humiliation 6. Fines 7. Forfeiture of property 8. Banishment 9. Transportation 10. Imprisonment

Explanations
Forms of Death: 1. Crucifixion 2. Beheading 3. Hanging 4. Impaling 5. Strangling 6. Stoning 7. Drowning 8. Burning at stake 9. Guillotine 10. Poisoning

Explanations
Forms of Physical Torture: Flogging Dismemberment Rack Starvation

Explanations
Forms of Public Humiliation: Stocks Pillory Ducking stool Furca

Explanations
Forms of Imprisonment: Confinement in dungeons Galleys Hulks Jails Houses of corrections Workhouses & penitentiaries

Explanations
Trends of Punishments:
1. Developments of exemptions 2. Pardon & commutations 7. Fines suspended sentence 8. Probation

3. Decline of severity of 9. Conditional pardon or punishment release 4. Growth of modifications of 10. Short sentences imprisonment 5. GCTA 11. Fines 6. Indeterminate sentence

Explanations
Contemporary Forms of Punishment: 1. Imprisonment 2. Parole 3. Probation 4. Fine 5. Destierro

Explanations
3-Fold Purposes of Penalty in RPC
Retribution or Expiation Correction or Reformation Special Defense

Explanations
Rehabilitation the restoration of someone to a useful place in society. This is a generic term applicable to the treatment of offenders in modern times.

Related Terms
Penal Management: refers to the manner or practice of managing or controlling places of confinement as jails or prisons. Correctional Administration: the study and practice of a system management of jails or prisons and other institution concerned with the custody, treatment and rehabilitation of criminal offenders.
NEXT Q

Prevention
The state must punish the criminal to prevent or suppress the danger to the state arising from the criminal acts of the offender

Back

Self-Defense
The state has the right to punish the criminal as a measure of self-defense so as to protect society from the threat and wrong action inflicted by the criminal.

Back

Reformation
The object of punishment in criminal case is to correct and reform the offender.

Back

Exemplarity
The criminal is punished to serve as an example to others to deter from committing the crime.

Back

Justice
That crime must be punished by the state as an act of retributive justice, vindication of absolute right and moral law violated by the criminal.

Back

Retribution
Personal vengeance

Back

Expiation or Atonement
It is the execution of punishment visibly or publicly for the purpose of appeasing a social group. Expiation is group vengeance as distinguished from retribution.

Back

Deterrence
Cesare Becarria, the exponent of the Classical Theory contended that punishment is to prevent others in committing a crime.

Back

Impaling
Killing by piercing with a spear or sharp pole

Back

Burning at Stake
A form of executing death by tying the victim in a vertical post for burning

Back

Guillotine
Verb: Kill by cutting the head off with a guillotine. Noun: Instrument of execution that consists of a weighted blade between two vertical poles; used for beheading people.

Back

Rack
A form of torture in which pain is inflicted by stretching the body

Back

Stocks
Instrument of punishment consisting of a heavy timber frame with holes in which the feet (and sometimes the hands) of an offender could be locked.

Back

Pillory
Instrument of punishment on a post with holes for the wrists and neck; offenders were locked in and so exposed to public scorn.

Back

Ducking Stool
Instrument of punishment consisting of a chair in which offenders were ducked in water.

Back

Furca
V-shaped yolk worn around the neck and where the outstretched arms of convict were tied to.

Back

Dungeon
A dark cell (usually underground) where prisoners can be confined

Back

Galley
A large medieval vessel with a single deck propelled by sails and oars with guns at stern and prow; a complement of 1,000 men; used mainly in the Mediterranean for war and trading

Back

Hulks
Decrepit (worn and broken down by hard use) transports, former warships used to house prisoners in the 18th and 19th century. Abandoned warships converted into prisons, also called floating hells.

Back

Retribution/Expiation
The penalty is commensurate with the gravity of the offense.

Back

Correction/Reformation
As by the rules which regulates the execution of the penalties consisting of deprivation of liberty.

Back

Special Defense
As shown by its inflexible severity to recidivist and habitual delinquents.

Back

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

Hedonism
An ethical system that evaluates the pursuit of pleasure as the highest good

BACK

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

Parole
Privilege similar to parole:
Alexander Maconochies Mark System where prisoner can earn ticket of leave or conditional release

Advocates of parole & similar privileges

Positivist Criminologists

When & where started

In 1876 at Elmira Reformatory

Parole
Agencies in Phils taking charge of parole: Board of Pardons & Parole Under DOJ Parole & Probation Administration Board of Pardons & Parole Established in 1933 in compliance with Act No. 4103, Indeterminate Sentence Law (ISLaw)

Parole
ISLAW Creation of Board of Indeterminate Sentence; Later renamed as Board of Pardons in 1937 by Executive order No. 83, series 1937; Board becomes adviser of President on matters of executive clemency; Renamed Board of Pardons & Parole on October 4, 1947 by Executive order No. 94, Reorganization Law of 1947

Parole
ISLAW Act No. 4103 was amended by R.A. 4203 on June 19, 1965. It provided: Qualification Term of office, Composition Compensation of members of Board
BACK

Probation
Advocates of probation & similar privileges
Positivist Criminologists

Father of Probation:
John Augustus a Boston shoemaker; interceded with courts to suspend sentence & bail out youthful offenders & alcoholics

Other personalities in probation:

Father Cook a Bostonian; followed the steps of Augustus Edward N. Savage the first government probation officer; former Chief of Police of Boston Teodulo C. Natividad Father of Probation in the Philippines

Probation
Year when Probation Law was first passed in Massachusetts: 1878 Agency in Phils taking charge of probation:
Parole & Probation Administration under DOJ

Probation System
Dr. Torsten Eriksson, UN Interregional Adviser on Social Defense recommended in 1971: (1) strengthening of CJS, & (2) adoption of probation system

Probation
Probation System
Probation for Adult offenders: P.D. 968:
Can be availed of only once For first time offenders For penalties of imprisonment not more than 6 yrs Except: rebellion, subversion, sedition & other political crimes; A privilege, not a right; Offender must apply for it before court that convicted him/her; and Depends on discretion of judge to grant

Probation
Probation System First implemented during Commonwealth period thru Act No. 4221, Probation Act: For 1st time offender 18 yrs old & above; Abolished after 2 yrs being unconstitutional as a class legislation; and Unconstitutional provision: operable only in cities & municipalities which are given appropriation for said purpose by congress

Probation
Parole & Probation Administration (PPA): Exercises general supervision of all parolees & probationers Promotes correction & rehab of offenders outside prison institutions

BACK

Regional Rehabilitation Centers for Youth

National Training School for Boys a.k.a. Philippine Training School for Boys; located at Sampaloc, Tanay Rizal National Training School for Girls a.k.a. Philippine Training School for Girls; located at Marillac Hills, Alabang RRCY in Barangay Ugong, Bauang, La Union RRCY in Barangay Ayala, Magalang Pampanga

Regional Rehabilitation Centers for Youth

RRCY in Nueva Valencia in the Island Province of Guimaras RRCY in Barangay Candabong, Argao, Cebu RRCY in Barangay Sto. Nio, Leyte RRCY in Barangay Anastacio Polanco, Dipolog, Zamboanga del Norte RRCY in Gingoog City RRCY in Barangay Bago Oshiro, Davao City
BACK

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm

Established in 1869 Constructed near southern tip of Zamboanga peninsula nearby Zamboanga City Originally intended for confinement of convicted Moro insurrectos. Banishment site for political non-conformists from Luzon & Visayas Named in memory of its founder, Ramon Blanco, a Spanish captain in the Royal Army Land area: 1,524.6 hectares

San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm

Products: Copra, one of the biggest sources of income of the Bureau of Prisons, rice, corn, coffee, cattle, & livestock Houses: maximum, medium & minimum security prisoners Accepts convicts who were directly committed by courts in the area but are later sent to the Reception and Diagnostic Center in the Central Office in Camp Sampaguita in Muntinlupa City for study and diagnosis.
BACK

Iwahig Penal Farm

Established in 1904 in Iwahig, Palawan on orders of governor Forbes, then Secretary of Commerce & Police; Establishment was suggested by Governor Luke E. Wright designed for incorrigible offenders; From incorrigible offenders to well-behaved & pliable convicts to convert 38,611 hectares of lands into production areas for: (1) revenue, & (2) rehabilitation of prisoners;

Iwahig Penal Farm

One of the most open penal institutions in the world; Prison without Walls; Divided into 4 sub-colonies where each is autonomous under a penal supervisor: Sta Lucia, Inagawan, Montible, & Central Tagumpay Settlement 1,000-hectare land given to released prisoners. Each released prisoner is given 6-hectare farm lots as homestead;
BACK

Correctional Institution for Women

Established under Republic Act 3579 on November 27, 1929; 18-hectare land in Mandaluyong City; Run by female personnel except perimeter guard; Houses special accommodations for pregnant inmates; and Infant may be allowed to stay with mother for not more than 1 yr
BACK

New Bilibid Prison

Established in 1941 in Muntinlupa City at the boundary of Laguna province; Proclamation No. 414 in 1931, an enabling order to Commonwealth Act No. 3732; also the official basis for Davao Penal Colony Designed to confine only 3,000 prisoners; 552 hectares; Supposed to be site for city of Manilas Boys Training School;

New Bilibid Prison

Actual transfer was in 1941; Main NBP compound houses: (1) maximum security prisoners, including death convicts death convicts; (2) central officers of Bureau of corrections; One of the biggest prisons in the world in terms of prison population; Became the National Penitentiary;

New Bilibid Prison

Facility for workers: hardwood shop of Prison Industries Office pinpointed as source of deadly weapons used by rioting prisoners; 3 Satellite Prisons (outside the compound & within reservation)
Camp Bukang Liwayway minimum security camp; name implying coming release of prisoners Camp Sampaguita medium security prisoners and Youth Rehabilitation Center Reception & Diagnostic Center receives newly committed prisoners from jails nationwide except those committed by courts within Zamboanga provinces: Basilan, Sulu & Tawi-Tawi
BACK

Davao Penal Colony

Established in January 21, 1932 by virtue of Republic Act No. 3732 & Proclamation No. 414, series of 1931, same authority creating NBP; Gen Paulino Santos (ret.), Prisons Director at that time, led first contingent of prisoners in colony; 18,000 hectares; World War II: used by Japanese for POW; Destroyed by Japanese;

Davao Penal Colony

Reestablished in 1946; Houses: (1) medium & (2) minimum security prisoners; Prisoners work in open fields by colony custodial force; The largest source of revenue for Bureau of Prisons; Products: abaca, banana, rice, kenaf, copra, cattle & other farm products; Biggest abaca plantation in the country;

Davao Penal Colony

Major banana producer with venture agreement with Tagum Development Company in a 3,000-hectare banana plantation; Sub-colonies:
Panabo Sub-Colony under penal supervisor Kapalong Sub-Colony under penal supervisor

Tanglaw Settlement for homesteaders.

BACK

Sablayan Penal Colony & Farm

Established by Proclamation No. 72 on September 27, 1954; Sablayan, Occidental Mindoro; 16,408.5 hectares; Purpose of establishment: to meet increasing population of prisoners; First prisoners were from Iwahig Penal Colony; and Main product: rice for inmate of colony and for NBP
BACK

Leyte Regional Prison

Located in Abuyog, Leyte Established in January 16, 1973 on orders issued under Martial Law by President Ferdinand E. Marcos

BACK

Old Bilibid Prison

First penal institution in the Philippines. Constructed sometime 1847 in Bilibid district of City of Manila. Located at back of what is today, Central Market along Quezon Boulevard. Designated as an insular penitentiary by Royal Decree in 1865.

Old Bilibid Prison

Cells: Radial shape like spokes of wheel, Commanding tower at center of spokes, & Brigadas Brigadas: bldgs made of very strong adobe stones; term is still being used today; withstood even bombings by Americans and Japanese; & being used as jail by City of Manila: Manila City Jail Transferred to Muntinlupa City to be known as New Bilibid Prison; reasons for transfer: (1) commercial developments of the area, & (2) increase in prison population
BACK

Reception & Diagnostic Center

Established in 1953 by virtue of Administrative Order No. 11 by Secretary of Justice; & Purpose: to enable BuCor conduct effective rehab of prisoners thru scientific & diagnoses of each prisoner

BACK

Manila Office
Originally as a holding facility for prisoners working as orderlies in different offices of DOJ at Padre Faura, Manila; Converted to regular penal institution following riots in NBP in 1958; & Relocated site of hardwood shop

BACK

Provincial Jail System

Established in 1910 under American regime; & Every province is mandated to establish provincial jails under its own supervision & control

BACK

NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

Board of Pardons & Parole

Recommends the President who are qualified for: Parole Pardon Other forms of executive clemency

BACK

Parole & Probation Administration

Exercises general supervision of all parolees & probationers Promotes correction & rehab of offenders outside prison institutions

BACK

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

National Prisoners
One whose maximum sentence is more than 3 yrs or a fine of more than 5,000 pesos, One sentence for violation of custom law or other laws under Bureau of Customs, One violating immigration & election laws One sentenced to serve 2 or more sentences total exceeding 3 yrs

BACK

Provincial Prisoners
6 mos & 1 day up to 3 yrs & sent to serve in provincial jails.

BACK

Municipal Prisoners
up to 6 mos & sent to municipal jail where offender is convicted.

BACK

City Prisoners
convicted in city courts & sentenced to maximum of 3 yrs & sent to serve in city jails; and combination of municipal & provincial jails NOTE: There is no mistaking with other prisoners because this prisoner is CONVICTED BY CITY COURT.

BACK

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

Good Conduct Time Allowance

A prisoner has the right to deducted GCTA from sentence as long as there are no infractions warranting non-deduction under the law Granted by Director of Corrections Granted under Art. 97, RPC

Good Conduct Time Allowance

GCTA also available to detainee who agreed to abide with regimen similar to sentenced prisoners GCTA not available to inmate whose sentence is life imprisonment and on appeal

Good Conduct Time Allowance

1st 2 yrs 5 days for each month of good behavior 3rd 5th yrs 8 days for each month of good behavior 6th 10 yrs 10 days for each month of good behavior 11th yr & onwards 15 days for each month of good behavior

Special Time Allowance for Loyalty

Under Art. 98 & 158 of RPC Given to inmate who surrendered to authorities within 48 hrs after passing of calamity: (1) conflagration, (2) earthquake, (3) explosion, (4) similar catastrophes, (5) mutiny not participated by inmates Deduction of 1/5 of sentence

BACK

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

Industrial Good Time Law

Additional 5 days GCTA for each calendar month BESIDE regular 5 days GCTA Reduction to 30 yrs from life imprisonment Bring family or woman to marry with him: (1) reimbursement of transportation expenses in going to & fro facility, given upon release; (2) availment of family for free on prison facilities

Industrial Good Time Law

Clothing & household supplies as special reward To wear civilian clothes on special occasions

BACK

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

EXPLANATION? or NEXT Q

BACK

BACK

BACK

EXPLANATION?

BACK

BACK

BACK

Explanations
Not focused on vengeance & punishment Heals both community & individuals Notion of reparation, not punishment Role of Participants in Restorative Justice: Offender: Apology acknowledgement of responsibility Reintegration earning place back in community

Explanations
Role of Participants in Restorative Justice: Victim: Harm assessing harm done Forgiveness accepting apology & extending forgiveness Community: Relationships healing broken relationships

Explanations
4 Characteristics of Restorative Program: Encounter: meeting to discuss Amends: offender taking steps to repair harm Reintegration: restoring victims & offenders contributing to society Inclusion: participation of parties to resolution

Explanations
Fundamental Principles: Working for restoration of victims, communities & even offenders (VCO) VCO must fully participate Communitys role must be given significance