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Chem73ProbSet 3

This document contains 6 chemistry problems related to thermodynamics concepts such as heat capacity, entropy, ideal gases, and phase transitions. Problem 1 asks about the maximum heat leak into a refrigerator. Problem 2 asks about changes in entropy for an ideal gas undergoing temperature changes at constant volume and pressure. Problem 3 asks about changes in entropy for heating aluminum. Problem 4 asks about heat, work, and entropy changes for a van der Waals gas undergoing isothermal expansion. Problems 5-6 ask about fitting heat capacity data and computing temperature changes for water undergoing an adiabatic pressure change.

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Ricardo Veloz
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117 views1 page

Chem73ProbSet 3

This document contains 6 chemistry problems related to thermodynamics concepts such as heat capacity, entropy, ideal gases, and phase transitions. Problem 1 asks about the maximum heat leak into a refrigerator. Problem 2 asks about changes in entropy for an ideal gas undergoing temperature changes at constant volume and pressure. Problem 3 asks about changes in entropy for heating aluminum. Problem 4 asks about heat, work, and entropy changes for a van der Waals gas undergoing isothermal expansion. Problems 5-6 ask about fitting heat capacity data and computing temperature changes for water undergoing an adiabatic pressure change.

Uploaded by

Ricardo Veloz
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chem 73 Prob Set 3 1. A refrigerator is operated by a 1/4-hp motor.

If the interior of the box is to be maintained at - 20 C against a maximum exterior temperature of 35 C, what is the maximum heat leak (in watts) into the box that can be tolerated if the motor runs continuously? Assume that the coecient of performance is 75 % of the value for a reversible engine. 2. The temperature of 1 mol of an ideal gas is increased from 100 K to 300 K ; CV = 3/2R. a) Calculate S if the volume is constant. b) Calculate S if the pressure is constant. c) What would S be if 3 mol were used instead of 1 mol? 3. For aluminum, Cp /(J/Kmol) = 20.67 + 12.38 103 T. a) What is S if one mole of aluminum is heated from 25 C to 200 C? b) If S = 28.35 J/K mol, what is the entropy of aluminum at 200 C? 298 4. One mole of a van der Waals gas at 27 C expands isothermally and reversibly from 0.020 m3 to 0.060 m3 . For the van der Waals gas, (U /V )T = a/V 2 ; a = 0.556 Pa m6 /mol2 ; b = 64 106 m3 /mol. Calculate Q, W , U , H, and S for the transformation. 5. For metallic zinc the values of Cp as a function of temperature are given.

T /K 1 2 3 4 6 8

Cp /(J/Kmol) 0.000720 0.001828 0.003791 0.00720 0.01895 0.0628

T /K 10 15 20 25 30 40

Cp /(J/Kmol) 0.1636 0.720 1.699 3.205 4.966 8.171

T /K 50 60 70 80 90 100

Cp /(J/Kmol) 11.175 13.598 15.426 16.866 18.108 19.154

Fit the data between 0 and 4 K in above to the curve : Cp = T + aT 3 . The rst term is a contribution of the electron gas in the metal to the heat capacity. Hint: To nd the constants and a, rearrange to : Cp = + aT 2 , and either plot Cp/T versus T 2 or do a least squares t. 6. Consider the expression: dS = Tp dT V dp. Suppose that water has V = 18 cm3 /mol, Cp = 75.3 J/K mol and = 2.07 104 K1 . Compute the decrease in temperature that occurs if water at 25 C and 1000 atm pressure is brought reversibly and adiabatically to 1 atm pressure. Assume = 0.
C

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