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Window View Port Mapping Computer Graphics

This document discusses the mapping of world coordinates to viewport coordinates in 2D graphics. It explains that the window selects what part of the virtual world is viewed, while the viewport indicates where it is displayed on the output device. It describes how coordinates are transformed from world space to normalized device coordinates through scaling and translation. Finally, it lists some common OpenGL functions for setting the viewport, view matrix, and workstation window and viewport.

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Nadisha Fathima
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3K views

Window View Port Mapping Computer Graphics

This document discusses the mapping of world coordinates to viewport coordinates in 2D graphics. It explains that the window selects what part of the virtual world is viewed, while the viewport indicates where it is displayed on the output device. It describes how coordinates are transformed from world space to normalized device coordinates through scaling and translation. Finally, it lists some common OpenGL functions for setting the viewport, view matrix, and workstation window and viewport.

Uploaded by

Nadisha Fathima
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WINDOWTO VIEWPORTMAPPING

PresentationBy: NadishaFathima IVMCA Chintech

2DViewing

WorldcoordinatestoViewingcoordinates WindowtoViewport. Window:Aregionofthesceneselectedfor viewing(alsocalledclippingwindow) Viewport:Aregionondisplaydeviceformapping Viewport to window

Window World Coordinates Viewing Coordinates

ClippingWindowvs.Viewport

Theclippingwindowselectswhatwewanttoseein ourvirtual2Dworld. Theviewportindicateswhereitistobeviewedonthe outputdevice(orwithinthedisplaywindow) Bydefaulttheviewporthavethesamelocationand dimensionsoftheGLUTdisplaywindowyoucreate

Butitcanbemodifiedsothatonlyapartofthe displaywindowisusedforOpenGLdisplay

The clipping window


yw max yw min xw min xw max y view y view yv max x view x0 x world yv min xv min xv max x view yv max yv min xv min xv max

Rectangular Window

y world y0

Rotated Window

1.constructsceneinworldcoordinate(attributes,o/p primitives)

2.Obtainparticularorientationofwindowsetupa2D viewingcoordinates/minwcplane,defineawindowinvc s/m. 3.Viewingcoordinateref.frameusedtoprovidemethod setuparbitraryorientationforrect.window 4.Transformworldcoordinatetoviewcoordinates.

5.definenormalizedcoordinates(01)&mapvcofsceneto normalizedcoordinates. 6.Allpartsoutsideareclipped,contentsinviewport transferredtodevicecoordinate.

Viewportsdefinedinunitsquares(normalized coordinates) Itseperatesview&othertransformationfromdevice specifico/pdevrequirements,sographicpkgsislargely deviceindependent. Oncescenetransferredtonc,unitsquareissimply mappedtodisplayareaforparticularo/pdevinuseat thattime. Whenallcoordinatetransformationcompleted viewportclippingwithnormalizedcoordinates Reducecomputationbyconcatenationofvarious transformationmatrices.

World-coordinates to Viewing Coordinates


y world y0 x view x0 x world y view y world y view y view

x view y
view

x world

x view

T x 0 , y 0

Mwc,vc= RT

Normalization

Coordinate transformation:Different sizes and/or height width ratios?

For any point: (xv-xvmin)/(xvmax-xvmin)=(xw-xwmin)/(xwmaxxwmin))

(yv-yvmin)/yvmax-yvmin)=(yw-ywmin)/(ywmax-ywmin)

xv=xvmin+(xwxwmin)sx yv=yvmin+(ywywmin)sy Scalingfactors: sx=(xvmaxxvmin)/((xwmaxxwmin) sy=(yvmaxyvmin)/(ywmaxywmin)

Thiscanalsobeaccomplishedin2steps: 1.Scaleoverthefixedpoint(xwmin,ywmin)

2.Translatelowerleftcorneroftheclippingwindowtothelower leftcorneroftheviewport

Relativeproportionsofobjsmaintained,ifsx=sy.Otherwiseworld objsstretchedorcontractedeitherinxorydir

OpenGL2DViewingFunctions

OpenGL,GLU,and GLUTprovidefunctions tospecifyclipping windows,viewports,and displaywindowswithina videoscreen.

Setting up a Viewport

glViewport (xvmin, yvmin, vpWidth, vpHeight); All the parameters are given in integer screen coordinates relative to the lower-left corner of the display window. If we do not invoke this function, by default, a viewport with the same size and position of the display window is used (i.e., all of the GLUT window is used for OpenGL display)

2DViewingFunctions

evaluateViewOrientationMatrix(x0,y0,xV,yV, error,viewMatrix)

x0,y0coordinatesofviewingorigin xV,yVworldcoordinatesforviewupvector

error(integer)Errorcodegeneratedifi/pargsareinerro

OtherwisetheviewMatrixworldtoviewtransformation calculated.

ToSetupelementsinwindow viewportmappingmatrix
evaluateViewMappingMatrix(xwmin,xwmax,ywmin ,ywmax,xvmin,xvmax,yvmin,yvmax,error,viewMa ppingMatrix) xwmin,xwmax,ywmin,ywmaxWindowlimits xvmin,xvmax,yvmin,yvmaxViewportlimits ViewMappingMatrixforcreatingwindowviewport pairs&usetoprojectvariouspartstosceneto differentareas

Storingcombinationsof windowviewportmappingfor workstations


setViewRepresentation(ws,viewIndex,viewMatrix,v iewMappingMatrix,xclipmin,xclipmax,yclipmin,yc lipmax,clipxy)

wso/pdevice(workstation) ValueofviewIndexsetsintegeridforparticular

windowviewportpair.(viewMappingIndex+viewMatrix) Clipxynoclip/clip(helpstoturnoffclippingtoview outsidetheviewport Noclipspeedupprocessingwhenknowallthepartsofthe pictureisinsidethelimit

Tosetparticularsetofoptions fromviewingtable
setViewIndex(viewIndex) ViewIndexselectionappliedtosubsequento/pprimitives& associatedattributes&generatesdisplayoneach workstation. lastworkstationtransformationbyselectingaworkstation windowviewportpair setWorkstationWindow(ws,xwsWindmin,xsWindmax,yw sWindmin,ywsWindmax) setWorkstationViewport(ws,xwsVPortmin,xwsVportma x,ywsVportmin,ywsVportmax)

wsworkstationnumber Windowcoordinatesextendsarespecified(0to1) Viewportlimitsintegerdevicecoordinates Ifworkstationviewportnotspecified,unitsquareof normalizedref.Frameismappedontolargestsquare areapossibleono/pdevice. Coordinateoriginofnormalizedspacemappedto originofdevicecoordinates. Aspectratioisretainedbytransformingunitsquare ontosquareareaono/pdevice.

THANKYOU!!!!

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