P N e U M o N I A
P N e U M o N I A
P N e U M o N I A
Predisposing factors: y y y y y y y y y y y Conditions the interfere with normal lung drainage Immunosuppression Smoking Prolonged immobility Depressed cough reflex NPO Antibiotic therapy Alcohol intoxication Advanced age sedative drugs Transmission of organisms BACTERIA such as Staphylococcus Aureus, Streptococcus Pneumoniae, P. Aeruginosa, Klabsiella P., H.Influenzae
Inflammatory response accumulation of neutrophils Release of endogenous pyrogens Set hypothalamus to body temp. Release of neutrophil elastase Destroys bacteria and host cells Damage bronchial epithelial cells fever Weakening and dilation of bronchial walls Transmit impulse in medullary center Integrate cough response Stimulates receptors in bronchila walls crackles Impaired mucocilliary clearance Cilia are damage
Accumulation of mucus
RR cough tachypnea
hyperventillation
Airway obstruction
Airway constriction
wheezing
ventillation
Ventilation-perfussion imbalance