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J1939-based application profiles
Holger Zeltwanger
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J1939 reference model
Application Profile Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical
J1939/31 - Truck and Bus Network Layer J1939/21 - Data Link Layer J1939/1x - Physical Layer Documents /11 - Truck and Bus (250 kbit/s) /12 - John Deere (250 kbit/s) /13 - OBD connector /14 - DIN 9684 (50 kbit/s) /15 - Unshielded (250 kbit/s) J1939/81 - Network Management J1939/71 - Vehicle Application Layer J1939/72 - Virtual Terminal (DIN 9684) - Draft J1939/73 - Application Layer - Diagnostics
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
J1939 - Base document containing a general description, a tutorial and tables of addresses, data contents, etc.
J1939/01 - Truck and Bus document defining application of J1939 to on-highway heavy duty vehicles. J1939/02 - Construction and agriculture-based and agriculture-equipment-based document.
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J1939/11 Physical Layer
Line Driver Network Access Arbitration Baud Rate Maximum Nodes Topology Trunk Length Drop Length Termination Cable Connector Differential bus (2 lines) Random, nondestructive, bit wide 250,000 30 Linear bus 40 meters (120 ft.) 1 meter (3 ft.) 2 required Shielded, twisted pair with a drain 3 -pin unshielded
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J1939 Physical Layers
Truck and Bus Physical Layer - 250 kbit/s The communication media is a shielded, twisted pair cable with a drain that requires a termination resistor at each end. Network connections are made using a three-pin, unshielded connector. The three pins are defined as CAN_H, CAN_L, and shield. The physical layer is not fault-tolerant. 30 nodes per segment are allowed. CON-AG Physical Layer - 250 kbit/s The communication media is a twisted, non-shielded quad. The media is terminated with a current sourcing and sinking bias network. Network connections are made using a four-pin, unshielded connector. The four pins are defined as CAN_H, CAN_L, Power, and Ground. The physical layer is fault-tolerant. 0 1 30+ nodes per segment are allowed.
5 3.5 2.5 1.5 0
Recessive CAN_L CAN_H
Dominant
Recessive
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J1939/11 Topology
Maximum: 40 Meters (120 Feet) Maximum Unshielded Cable ~ 0.16 Meters (6 inches)
Network Termination Maximum Length 1 Meter (3 feet)
Network Termination
ECU
Node 1
ECU
Node 2
ECU
Node 30
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Data Link Layer (/21)
Arbitration Field Control Field
RTR
Data Field
CRC Field
ACK End of Field Frame
ACK
IFS
ISO 11898-1
SRR
SOF
IDE
11-bit Identifier
18-bit Identifier
DLC (4)
DEL
DEL
R0
R1
0-8 Bytes
15-bit CRC
J1939/21
3
Priority (P)
1
Data Page (DP)
8
PDU Specific (PS)
0 - 64
Data Field
Reserved (R)
PDU Format (PF)
Source Address (SA)
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ISO truck/trailer interface
l2 l1
ECU 1
l3
ECU 2
lmax = l1 (15 m) + l2 (7 m) + l3 (18 m) = 40 m
ISO 11992-1
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ISO 11992-1 bus level
For 24-V nominal voltage systems bus voltage is min. 0 V and max. 32 V For 12-V nominal voltage systems bus voltage is min. 0 V and max. 16 V
VCAN_H X VCAN_L L1
L2
tF
X = VCAN_L1 + 0.63 x (VCAN_L2 - VCAN_L1)
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Protocol data unit
Arbitration Field Control Field
RTR
Data Field
CRC Field
ACK End of Field Frame
ACK
IFS
CAN
SRR
SOF
IDE
11-bit Identifier
18-bit Identifier
DLC
DEL
DEL
R0
R1
(4)
0-8 Bytes
15-bit CRC
3 PDU
Priority (P)
1
Data Page (DP)
8
PDU Specific (PS)
0 - 64
Data Field
Reserved (R)
PDU Format (PF)
Source Address (SA)
PS is destination address for PDU formats 0 to 239 PS is group extension for PDU formats 240 to 255
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Address Assignment
Commercial Vehicle SA = 32 Towed Vehicle #1 SA = 200 Towed Vehicle #2 SA = 192 Towed Vehicle #3 SA = 184 Towed Vehicle #4 SA = 176 Towed Vehicle #5 SA = 168
Sends SA to successor
Receives SA from predecessor Claims SA Sends SA to successor
Receives SA from predecessor Claims SA Sends SA to successor
Receives SA from predecessor Claims SA Sends SA to successor
Receives SA from predecessor Claims SA Sends SA to successor
Receives SA from predecessor Claims SA Sends SA to successor
SA = 255 global destination address
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Parameter Specification
Braking and running gear equipment
Example: Actual percentage of retarder peak torque Data length: 1 byte Resolution: 1%/bit gain, -125% offset Data range: -125% to + 125% Operating range: -125% to 0% Type: Measured
Other equipment
Example: Maximum vehicle speed limit Data length: 1 byte Resolution: 1kmph/bit gain, 0 km/h offset Data range: 0 km/h to 250kmph Type: Measured
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ISO 11783 or ISOBUS
Management Computer
Implement ECU and Bridge
. e.g
en op N CA
Task Controller
VT Gateway
CAN-based ISO 11783
Tractor ECU Implement ECU Hitch
GPS Engine
CAN-based SAE J1939
Implement ECU
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Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
ISO 11783 documents
Title General standard for mobile data communication Physical layer Data link layer Network layer Network management Virtual terminal Implement message layer Power train messages Tractor ECU Task controller & management computer interface Data dictionary Diagnosis File server Status WD IS IS IS IS IS IS WD IS WD WD NWI NWI
IS = international standard
WD = working draft
NWI = new work item
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Network interconnection
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Data link and network layer
CAN extended frame format (29-bit identifier) Frame format compatible to SAE J1939 Broadcast and peer-to-peer communication services Transport protocol for parameter groups with DLC > 8 Connection mode data transfer (SAE J1939) Broadcast announce message (SAE J1939) Extended transport protocol (ISO 11783) Fast packet transport protocol (NMEA2000)
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