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01 - Basic Computer Concepts

This document provides an introduction to basic computer concepts. It defines what a computer is as a machine that performs tasks according to specific instructions. Computers are useful for making tasks easier and faster, storing large amounts of data accurately, and performing sequences of operations without human intervention. The document then describes different types of computers based on their capacity, from mainframes for large organizations to microcomputers for individual use. It also defines some common computer terminology like programs, programming, systems, data, information, codes, applications, and units of digital storage.

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Jen Rescuber
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71 views3 pages

01 - Basic Computer Concepts

This document provides an introduction to basic computer concepts. It defines what a computer is as a machine that performs tasks according to specific instructions. Computers are useful for making tasks easier and faster, storing large amounts of data accurately, and performing sequences of operations without human intervention. The document then describes different types of computers based on their capacity, from mainframes for large organizations to microcomputers for individual use. It also defines some common computer terminology like programs, programming, systems, data, information, codes, applications, and units of digital storage.

Uploaded by

Jen Rescuber
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER PROGRAMMING 1.Basic Computer Concepts a.What is a Computer? b.Why Use Computers? c.Types of Computers d.

Some Computer Terminologies 2.Basic Components of a Computer 3.Number Systems & Conversions 4.Overview of Command Shell 5.Problem Solving on a Computer WHAT IS A COMPUTER? A machine that performs a variety of tasks according to specific instructions. A data processing machine: 1.Input 2.Processor 3.Storage 4.Output WHY USE COMPUTERS? Tasks become easier. Jobs are done faster. Results are accomplished with high accuracy. Sequence of operations can be carried out without human intervention. Large amount of data can be stored in a compact & easily retrievable form. Computers are useful & cost-efficient.

TYPES OF COMPUTERS (According to Capacity) 1.MAINFRAMES -very fast & large in size -used for centralized processing & storage by large organizations 2.MINICOMPUTERS -midrange in speed & size -like mainframes, can serve several users at the same time through terminals -Ex: airline reservation 3.SUPERCOMPUTERS -fastest but not the largest -cannot handle multiple users -used for specialized tasks that demand high speed -Ex: scientific research, weather prediction, nuclear weapon development 4.MICROCOMPUTERS -small & for individual use -may be linked together through networks called LOCAL AREA NETWORKS (LANs) 5.PORTABLE COMPUTERS -very small microcomputers -can be easily carried around SOME COMPUTER TERMINOLOGIES PROGRAM Set of instructions written to describe a specific task for the computer to perform.

PROGRAMMING Art of designing and implementing the operations to be performed by the computer to solve a particular problem or to accomplish a specific task. SYSTEM Set or arrangement of parts that act together to perform a function. Ex: Human body consists of a set of systems DATA Any collection of facts. Raw material gathered from one or more sources. INFORMATION Processed data. Organized & meaningful to the person receiving it. Ex: 1 data; grade of 1 - information CODES Set of symbols that represent another set of symbols APPLICATION Things that computer can be used to do. Ex: payroll processing, robot assembly, record keeping BIT Smallest & most basic unit of storage. BYTE 8 bits KILOBYTE (KB) 1024 bytes MEGABYTE (MB) 1048576 bytes GIGABYTE (MB) 1073741824 bytes

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