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Unit 1 100523023559 Phpapp01

This document provides an overview of the topics covered in a course on microprocessors and assembly language programming. It discusses the components of a computer system and microprocessor, including the central processing unit, arithmetic logic unit, control unit, and register memory. Examples of microprocessor applications are given. The document also describes microprocessor architecture, system bus, memory and I/O interfacing, instruction sets, and the evolution of microprocessors over time from 4-bit to 64-bit models.

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27 views13 pages

Unit 1 100523023559 Phpapp01

This document provides an overview of the topics covered in a course on microprocessors and assembly language programming. It discusses the components of a computer system and microprocessor, including the central processing unit, arithmetic logic unit, control unit, and register memory. Examples of microprocessor applications are given. The document also describes microprocessor architecture, system bus, memory and I/O interfacing, instruction sets, and the evolution of microprocessors over time from 4-bit to 64-bit models.

Uploaded by

loganathan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Microprocessors and Assembly Language Programming(CS-208)

Topics:
Overview & Objectives of the Course Introduction to Microprocessors

Overview & Objectives


1. Introduction to Microprocessors
 Working & Architecture

2. Interfacing Memory & Input/Output devices with a Microprocessor 3. Instruction Set of a Microprocessor 4. Writing Assembly Language Programs for a Microprocessor 5. Developing Microprocessor based applications
2

Introduction : Microprocessors
Components of a Computer System

Input

CPU

Output

Memory
3

What is a CPU?
 Central Processing Unit
CPU
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

Control Unit

Register Memory
4

What is a Microprocessor?
 It is a CPU on a single chip
Microprocessor
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

Control Unit

Intel 4004 First single chip 4- bit microprocessor

Register Memory
5

Microprocessor and its Applications


 Personal Computers  Consumer Electronics  Industrial Process Control  Automobiles  Air Traffic Control System  Medical Equipment

Microprocessor based System Design

I/O Interface

I/O Devices

System Bus

Microprocessor

Memory Interface

Memory Devices

What is a System Bus?


 It consists of the following
Address Bus Data Bus Control Bus

 What is a Bus?
A group of lines used to transfer bits between microprocessor an other system components like memory and I/O devices
8

Microprocessor-based Temperature Measurement and Display System


Input Port
Analog to Digital Converter

Temperature Sensor

System Bus

Microprocessor

Program Memory (ROM)

RAM

Output Port

LCD

Microprocessor Structure & Operation


Microprocessor
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

Three main components Performs Arithmetic and Logic operations on data Provides necessary timing and control signals Provides few temporary storage locations
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Control Unit

Register Array

Operation of a Microprocessor
 A microprocessor executes instructions given by a user  User Instructions are stored in memory  A microprocessor 1. Fetches instruction from memory 2. Decodes instruction (determines ACTION) 3. Executes instruction (takes ACTION) Repeats steps 1

2 3 for all the instructions


11

Microprocessor Evolution
1971 1972 1974 1976 1978 1979 1982 1985 1989 4004 8008 8080 8085 8086 8088 80286 80386 80486 4-bit 8-bit 8-bit 8-bit 16-bit 8-bit 16-bit 32-bit 32-bit
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1993 1995 1997 1999 2000 2001

Pentium Pentium Pro Pentium II Pentium III Pentium IV Itanium

64-bit 64-bit 64-bit 64-bit 64-bit 64-bit

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