Integrales

1.

7 + 2tgx cos 2 x dx ( 7 + 2tgx )1/ 2 = (7 + 2tgx )1/ 2 1 dx = = (cos x ) 2 ( cos x )1/ 2 1 / 2 (7 + 2tgx )1/ 2 * 2 sec 2 xdx = 1 / 2 * = 1 / 32 (7 + 2tgx ) 3 + C (7 + 2tgx ) 3 / 2 +c 3/ 2

u = 7 + 2tgx du / dx = 2 sec 2 x

du = 2 sec 2 xdx 1 sec 2 = cos 2 x

2.

x
= =

dx

(1 ln )
( x)
2

1 ln 2 x
2 1 / 2

=
2

1 1 (ln) 2

1 dx x

u = ln x du / dx = du = 1 x

1 (1) (ln)

1 1 ln x dx = (arctg ) +c x 1 1

1 dx x

= arctg (ln x) + C 3 2 2x ( x + 5 x 2)e dx = uv vdu 1 1 = ( x 3 + 5 x 2 2)( e 2 x ) [ e 2 x * (3 x 2 +10 x)] 2 2 1 3 1 e 2 x (3 x 2 +10 x) = ( x + 5 x 2 2)e 2 x 2 2 1 xse x x nd

3.

u =x du / dx =1 =u v =u vd d v u 1 1 1 = (3 x 2 +10 x )e 2 x dx = (3 x 2 +10 x)( e 2 x ) (6 x +10 )e 2 x dx du = dx = x ( s x ) ( s x ) d co co x 2 2 dv = senxdx 2x = c s( x ) +sen ( x ) 1 c +1 1 x 3o 1 (6 x +10 )e dx ] 2 2x 2 2x = sen ( +) x 2)e x ) C (3 x +10 x)e v = senxdx = ( x x 5 x co s( + [2 2 2 2 v = cos x

1 1 2 = (6 x +10 )e 2 x dx = (6 x +10 ) * e 2 x e 2 x (6dx ) 2 2 1ln x = (6 x +10 )e 2 x 3 e 2 x dx + C 2 3 dx

4.

1 1 1 1 1 dx = [(lnx x )( 22 )] [( 2 x 1 2 )( )] 2 x 3 2 x 1 2 3 2 = ( x + 5 x 2)e (3 x +10 x )e 2 x (6 x x 10 )e e + C + x 2x 2 4 8 8 ln x 1 1 1 1 3 = 1 + +5 = e 2 x [x 2( x 3 2 x 23 2) (3 x 2 +10 x ) (6 x +10 ) ] + C 22 x 4 8 8 2 ln x 3 1 x 2 8 = e 2 x [ 42x ++ 20 x ) + c 6 x 2 20 x 6 x 10 3 ] + C ( = 2x 8 2 8 2 8 8 8 8 8 8 ln1 3 1 2 7 x 7 1 C = e 2 x ( 2 x + 2x+ x ) + C 2x 4x 2 4 4 8 = 1 ln 3 x

5.

u = x 3 +5 x 2 2 du / dx = 3 x 2 +10 x du = (3 x 2 +10 x )dx dv = e 2 x v = e2x 1 2x e 2 u = 3 x 2 +10 x v=

du / dx = (6 x +10 )dx du = (3 x 2 +10 x) dx dv = e 2 x v= 1 2x e 2

cos xdx = uv = uv vdu

= ( senx )( e x )

senx

* e x dx 1
x

6.

ln xdx =uv vdu 1 = senx * e dx = e 1 = x ln x x ( ) dx x

u = ln x cos x + cos xe x 1 du / dx = x 1 = e xln x e x cos x x senx + dx du = dx = +c x = x ln x 2 +C x dv =1 e x [ senx + cos x] = +C v = 1 = x 2

7.

u =e x du / dx = e x du = e x dx dv = cos x v = cos x v = senx

3x 2 2 x + 5 A B C ( x + 3) 3 = x + 3 + ( x + 3) 2 + ( x + 3) 3 = 3x 2 2 x + 5 = [ sustituimo sx x = 3 3x 2 2 x + 5 = C 3( 3) 2 2(3) 5 = C " C = 38" derivamos d = (3 x 2 2 x 5) = 6 x 2 = B dx sustituimo s ( xpor ( 3)) 6x 2 = B 6( 3) 2 = B " B = 20" derivamos d (6 x 2) = 6 = 2 A A = 3" " dx 3x 2 2 x + 5 3dx 20 dx 38 dx ( x + 3) 3 = x + 3 ( x + 3) 2 + ( x + 3) 3 dx dx dx 3 20 + 38 x +3 ( x + 3) 2 ( x + 3) 3 20 19 = 3 ln x + 3 +C x + 3 ( x + 3) 3 A B C + + ]( x + 3) 3 = 3 x 2 2 x + 5 = ( x + 3) 2 A + ( x + 3B + C x + 3 ( x + 3) 2 ( x + 3) 2

8.

9.

1 + x dx

si ... sustituim o s dx ( m = 1 + x ) 2 ....... m 2 =1 + x......... x = m 2 1....... dx = 2m dm x x 2 2 1 A B 2 2 2 = + m ) (m 1)( 2mdm )m = (m 1)( 2r 2 dm1 r + 1 r 1 1 1 = 4 * dx 2 5 2 3 2 x 2 1 =A( r ) +B ( r + ) 1 1 2 (2m x2m )dm = 5 m 3 m +C 1 2 1 2 t = ... l = A.... A = / 2 x= 1 + x =... 2 (h =+ x ) 5 2 ( ) 1 + x ) 3 +C = 2 sec h......... 1 arccos( m dx 1 1 x 5 3 t = ..... 1 =2 B.... B = / 2

(r

2r r d d r =.. 2 2 2 )r 1 r 1

dx 12 sec h..tg .h..dh = +e x

10.

x 2 sec h..tgh tgh d r d r r = = 1 +e dh = .. 2 dh = = r + +ln r + ln 1 1 C 22 2 2 sec h 2(sec 1) r+ 1 r h 1 r 2 =1 + e x 2 sec h 2 r 1 x tgh 2 1 1 = 1 1 = e = r 1 = 2tgh dh dh = 2 h +C ln r ln r + +C =ln r + +C 1 2 d ( r 2 1) = 2rdr x dx = 1 +e r dx 2rdr dx = x x 2 22 d x 1 +e x 1 =L [ n ]+ C r 1 x x = 1 +e 1 +e + 1 2rdr 2 1 = = x arccos( ) +C 2 r 2 1 x

11.

cos sec
3
12

xdx =

1 dx ( senx ) 3

2 1 x +1 + 2t (1 + t 2 ) 2 * .. = dx 2 2x +13 +x 2 1 (t ) 1 t+ 4t 3 ( ) 1 =2 x +1+ tt 6 .......... t = 6 x +1........ dx = 6t 5 dt

2 +t 4 1 2 dt 1 dt 1 31 + 2t t5 = t + 2 6t 3 dt =dx = ..+ 2t dt + 6 (t 4 + t 3 +tdt + 3t + 3 )dt 5 3 4t t 3 =2 t + 4 t 2 .6 t 4 t t 41 t 1 1 6 6 1 2 1 6 5 + ln t + t 2 C = = 8tt2 + 2 t 4 t 3 8 9t + 6 * 3 ln t 1 + C + + 5 4 3 6 3 6 = 6 ( x +1) 5 + 3 ( x +1) 2 + 2 x +1 + 93 ( x +1) +18 ln 6 x +1 1 + C 1 1 x 13 x 2 5 = + 2 ln tg + (tg ) + C 1 2 2 2 8 2 8(tg ) 2 6 3 6 = 6 ( x +1) 5 + 3 ( x +1) 2 + 2 ( x +1) + 93 ( x +1) +18 ln( 6 ( x +1) 1) + C 5 2 3

13

14

e4 x + 3 e3 x dx t 4 +3 t4 +3 dt 1 dt = 4 dt = dt + 3 4 = t 3 + C 3 t *t t t t 1 = e x 3x + C e =

e x =t e x dx = dt dt dt = x = dx t e

15

xe

dx
x

uv vdu = xe x e = xe x e x +c = e x ( x 1) +C

16

e x d =u vd x v u

v = e x dx ....... v = e x 1 x 1 =.. 2 e xd =u vdu x v =2( xe x e x ) =2( xe

x 2e x

u =x2 du / dx = 2 x...... dv = e x dx

* 2 xd x

u =x du / dx =1...... dv = e x dx v = e x dx ....... v = e x

e ) +C
x

= x 2 e x 2 xe x 2e x +C =e x ( x 2 2 x 2) +C

17

arctg

.. xdx

x a 1 1 x = tan dx = xarc ..tg ln( x 2 + a 2 ) = arctg .xdx = x.arctgx ln( x 2 +1) +C a a 2 2 x e senxdx = uv vdu

= cos e
x

cos x+

xe x dx 2
x

2 = cos xe x dx = uv vdu

18

= e x senx senxe
x e senxdx x

dx

u =e x ....... d =e x d u x d = sen x ........ v = sen x v xd xd

= x cos x + e x senx senxe e

dx e e

=cos x

e senxdx + e senxdx = e cos x +e senx 2 e senxdx = cos x + e senx e u =e ....... d =e u

e senxdx
x

e x cos x + e x senx = d =co x.......... .v = co x = sen v s s x 2

d x

1 = e x ( cos x + senx ) 2

19
2 x 2 + 5 x 1 A B C x 3 + x 2 2 x = x + x 1 + x + 2 2 x 2 + 5 x 1 A( x 1)( x 2) + Bx ( x + 2) + Cx ( x 1) = x3 + x 2 2x anulan ..el .... deno min ador x = 0......... 1 = A( 1)( 2)....... A =1 / 2 x =1.......... 6 = B (1)( 3)......... .... B = 2 x = 2........ 3 = c ( 2)( 3)....... C = 1 / 2 2 x 2 + 5 x 1 dx dx dx x 3 + x 2 2 x dx =1 / 2 x + 2 x 1 1 / 2 x + 2 x 2 +1 ( x +1) 2 ( x 3) 1 1 = ln( x ) + 2 ln( x 1) ln( x + 2) + C 2 2

x 2 +1 A B C = + + 2 2 ( x +1) ( x 3) x +1 ( x +1) x 3 x 2 +1 A( x +1)( x 3) + B ( x 3) +5C ( x +1) 2 = ( x +1) 2 ( x 3) ( x +1) 2 ( x 3) x 2 +1 = A( x +1)( x 3) + B ( x 3) +C ( x +1) 2 1 x =1......... 2 = 4 B.......... B = 2 5 x = 3,........ 10 =16 x......... C = 8 3 x = 0.......... 1 = 3 A 3B +C.... A = 8 2 x +1 3 dx 1 dx 5 dx ( x +1) 2 ( x 3) dx = 8 x +1 2 ( x +1) 2 + 8 x 3 3 1 5 = ln x +1 + ln( x 3) +C 8 2( x +1) 8

20.

21

1 + x 4 +1 x 3t t 1 t2 1 t2 = * 3 dt = 3 dt = dt t +1 2 x 2 2x 2 t +1 =

x3 1 + x 4

t 2 =1 + x 4 t = 1 + x 4 4 x 2 dx = 2tdx t dx = dx 2x3

1 1 1 1 1 (t 1 + )dt = t 2 t + ln( t +1) + C 2 t +1 4 2 2 1 1 1 1 = (1 + x 4 ) 1 + x 4 + ln( 1 + x 4 ) + ln( 1 + x 4 +1) + C 4 2 2 2

22

1 x dx dx cos 1x dx dt =(1( 1 + t ) * x) 1+t

1 = (1 + t 2 )dt = t + t 3 + C 3 x a2 x2 a2 x 2 2 x + arc .sen a 1 dx = 2 2 a = tgx + (2 ) 3 + C tgx x 1 x 1 3 = + arc .senx + C 21 3 2 = tgx + tg x + C 1 1 3 = arc .senx + x 1 x 2 + C 2 2
2

23

tgx = t dx = dx 1+t 2

24
dx x.sen 2 x 2 cot 2 x = = 2 cot 2 x = cot x 1

cos

sen

dx 2 cot 2ax = 2 a ax. cos ax

d x + 2 c o s

=... a. .. .

a = 1 p = 2 q = 1 2 p
2

d x +o qc s

a x

= a 1 tn a 3

at rg c

p q tn a p + q 1 tn a ( 3

1 a x 2 1 ) ] 2

2 a = at rg c 3

1 2 x = at rg c 2 3

25

1 +e x 1 +t dt 1 t 1 e x dx = 1 t * t = t (t 1) dt 1 t A B = + t (t 1) t t 1 1 t = A(t 1) + B t t = 0..... 1 = A A =1

26

t =1...... 2 = B

e x =t e x dx = dt dt dx = t

1 e

1 +e x
x

1 +t dt 1 t dx = * = dt 1 t t t (t 1)

27

1 t A B = + t (t 1) t t 1 1 t = A(t 1) + Bt t = 0..... 1 = A A =1 t =1...... 2 = B dt dt x x t 2 t 1 = ln t 2 ln t 1 +C = ln e 2 ln e 1 +C = x ln( e x 1) 2 +C

28

1
25

x2

dx
2 5

u
dx = x
12 5

du =

= x 2 * x x
7 5

dx

u =x

u n +1 u +1

du / dx =1 du = dx

5 dx = +C 5 7 7 x7 5 5 = +C 5 7 x7 =

29

( x + 2)
=

dx

( x + 2) 4 +c 4 1 = ( x + 2) 4 + C 4

u = x +2 du / dx =1 du = dx

30

(2 x +1)( x
=

+ x +1) dx

u = x 2 + x +1 du / dx = 2 x +1

( x 2 + 2 x +1) 2 +C 2

31

x +1
3

x2 + 2x + 7
2

dx

u = x 2 + 2 x +7 du / dx = 2 x + 2
1 3

du = ( 2 x + 2) dx = 2( x +1) dx

= ( x +1)( x + 2 x + 7)
1

dx
2

1 1 ( x 2 + 2 x + 7) 3 = ( x 2 + 2 x + 7) 3 ( x +1)dx = * +c 2 2 2 3 3 = 3 ( x 2 + 2 x + 7) 2 + C 4

32

sen 2 x * cos 2 x.dx = sen 2 x * cos 2 xdx

sena .x * cos
sen ax 2a a =2 =
2

ax

33

sen x * cos x.dx = ( senx ) cos xdx

u = senx du / dx = cos x du = cos xdx

= u n du = =

u n +1 ( senx ) 5 = n +1 5

1 sen 5 x + C 5

34

u = arc .tg ( x)

1+ x

arc .tgx
2

dx

du / dx = du =

= arc .tgx (1 + x 2 ) dx = u n du = u n +1 ( arc .tgx ) 2 = +C n +1 2

1 1 x2

1 dx 1 x2

1 = [ arctg ( x)] 2 + C 2

35
2x 1 + x 2 dx = 2 x (1 + x 2 ) 1 dx = du = ln u = ln 1 + x 2 +C u
u =1 + x 2 du / dx = 2 x du = 2 xdx

36

tgx .dx = tg .udu

u =x
=ln cos u x ) +C

du / dx =1 du = dx

u = tgx

37

tg x sec x.dx = (tgx ) * sec

du / dx = sec 2 x du = sec xdx

= u n du =

u (tgx ) 3 = +C n +1 3

n+ 1

1 = (tgx ) 3 + C 3

38

53 x 53 x + 7 dx = (53 x + 7) 1 * 53 x dx = = 1 3x ln 5 + 7 3 ln 5 1 * ln 53 x + 7 + C 3 ln 5 du = ln u u

u = 53x + 7 du / dx = 5 3 x ln 5 d 3 x = 3 ln 5 * 5 3 x dx

39

x ln x dx
1 1 1 = * dx = (ln x) 1 dx ln x x x du = = ln u = ln(ln x) +C u = ln ln( x ) +C

u = ln x du / dx = du = 1 x

1 dx x

40

1 dx xtgx 1 = sec 2 xdx = (tgx ) 1 sec tgx du = = ln u = ln tgx +C u

cos

u = tgx du / dx = sec 2 x
2

xdx

du = sec 2 xdx

= ln tgx +C

41
x +1 d x x x 1 = d + d x x x x d u = x + u

= x +ln x +C

42

x +1 5 +5 x 5 6 dx = + dx x 5 x 5 x 5 dx = dx +6 = x +6 x 5 +5 x 5 = = x +6 ln x 5 +C

x 5 dx

x +1

43
3x 3 +5x dx x 2 +1 x = 3 xdx + 2 2 dx x 5 3 = x 2 + ln x 2 +1 + C 2

3x +

3 2 x + ln x 2 +1 + C 2

u = 2 x +2

44

e
=

2 x +2

dx

du / u = 2 du = 2dx

1 e 2 x +2 dx 2 1 = e 2 x +2 +C 2

45

5
=

dx au ln a

= a u du = 5x +C ln 5

46

2
=

5 x dx au ln a

= 10 x dx = a u du = 10 x +C ln 10

47

3 x+ 1

dx

1 1 1 au = a u 3du = 8 3 x +13dx = 3 3 3 ln a 3 x+ 1 1 8 = * +C 3 ln 8 1 = * 83 x +1 + C 3 ln 8

u =3 x + 1 du / u =3 du =3d x

48

e ln x x dx 1 = e ln x dx x ln x = e +C

u = ln x du / u = du = 1 x

1 dx x

49

e = e
=e
u

senx u

cos xdx du cos xdx

u = senx du / u = cos x du = cos xdx

senx

= e = e senx + C

50

e arc .senx 1 x2 1

dx e arc .senx dx
arc . senx

1x

= e u du = e = e arc .senx + C

1 1 x2

dx

51

(3 senx )dx = 3d senxd x x =3d senxd x x

=3 x ( cos x ) +c =3 x +co x +C s

u = arc .senx 1 du / u = 1 x 2 1 du = dx 1 x 2

52

sen (3x +5)dx = senudu

u = 3 x +5 du / u = 3 du = 3dx

53

( x +1) sen ( x +2 x +3)( x +1)dx = sen ( x + 2 x +3)( x +1)

u = x 2 +2 x +3 du / u = 2 x +2 du = 2( x +1)dx

1 senu 2du 2 1 = sen ( x 2 + 2 x +3)2( x +1) dx 2 1 = cos( x 2 + 2 x +3) +C 2 =

54
x x e sene dx

u =e x du / u = e x du = e x dx

= senudu = cos u = cos e x +C

55

sen 2 xdx
= sen .a.xdu = = = cos 2 x +c 2 cos ax +c a

1 cos 2 x + C 2

56

sen
=

2 xdx x sen 2ax +c 2 4a

= sen 2 .axdx =

x sen 4 x +c 2 8 1 1 = x sen 4 x + C 2 8

57

sen n1ax . cos ax n 1 = 1 cos( 2 x= 5) 2dx sen n .axdx + + sen n2 axdx = an n + (2 x 2 cos x)dx sen 2 x cos x 2 u = 2 x +5 1x + cos + x senxdx = =2 xd[ senu ] +c xd = du / u = 2 3 3 2 =2 xd 2 x cos x xd 2 x +co s x du = ( 2) dx sen 1 = x C = sen ( 2 x +5) +cos x + C 2 2 3 3 = x +sen +C x

cos( 2 x +5)dx sen =cosxdx udu

a =1 n =3

58

59

60

( x 21) cos( x +2 x +1)dx cos(ln cos xdx + = cos (xx) dx 2 x +1)( x 1)dx x x sen 2ax = cos 2 udu = + = cos axdx 1 = cos (ln x) dx 2 4a
2 2

u = x 2 +2 x +1 du / u = 2 x +2

u =du x ( 2 x +2) dx ln = du / u =
du =1 ( x +1) dx 2

x x1 cos u = sen 2 x2du = 2 udu = senu + +c cos 2 4 1 1 = sen1( x 2 + 2 x +1) +C = 2 + sen 2 x + C x = sen (ln4x ) +C 2

x 1 du = dx x

61

62

a =3

63

cos

3 xdx

senax sen 3 ax = cos 3 axdx = +c a 3a 5 sen 32xx dx 3 3x sen cos = +c 3 1 3a = 5 dx = 5 sec 2 xdx = 5 sec 2 axdx 1 cos 2 x1 = sen 3 x sen 3 3 x + C = 5 tan x + C 2 9

64

(3 +3tg
65

x ) dx

= 3 x +3tg 2 xdx = 3 x +3[tgx x ] +c = 3 x +3tgx 3 x + c = 3tgx +C

66

sec
=

(5 x + 3) dx 1 sec 2 (5 x + 3)5dx 5

= sec 2 axdx =

1 tan x * 5 1 = tan( 5 x + 3) + C 5

67

sec
=

xdx sec n2 axtgax n 2 + sec n2 axdx a( n 1) n 1

n =4 a =1

= sec n axdx =

sec 2 xtgx 2 + sec 2 xdx 3 3 1 2 = sec 2 xtgx + [tgx ] + C 3 3

68

(3 +3 cot

g 2 x ) dx

= 3(1 +cot g 2 x ) = 3[ cot g 2 xdx ] + c = 3 x +3cot g 2 dx + c = 3 x +3 ln senx +C

69

tg xdx = tg udu
2 2

= tgu u

= tgx x +C

70

cos ec

(3 x +1) dx

1 = csc u 3du 3 1 1 1 = ln(csc u cot u ) = ln tan 3 3 2 = 1 3 x 1 ln tan( ) +C 3 2

u = 3 x 1 du / dx = 3 du / dx = 3dx

71

csc
=

( x) dx csc n2 ax cot ax n 2 + csc n 2 axdx a ( n 1) n 1

= csc n axdx =

csc 2 x cot x 2 + csc 2 xdx 3 3 csc 2 x cot x 2 cot x + C 3 3

Integrales inmediatas

1.

(3x

5 x 2 +3 x +4) d x

u =x du / dx = 1 du = dx

=3 x 3 d 5 x 2 d +3 xd +4 d x x x x x x ( senx4 )75cos 3x 1dxx 3 ) +4 x +C =3( ( ) +3( 4 3 2

tag xdx = sen .xdx 3 5

u =x x u= dududxdx 1 1 / / == dudu dx dx ==

x 2) dx

= x dx 2 dx = x 2 dx 2 x =
1

2 3

x 2 x +C

2 dx x
1 2

= 2( x )
1

dx = 2 ( x )

1 2

u =x du / dx =1

dx

du = dx

x2 = 2( ) +c = 4 x +C 1 2

6
( x 3 2 x 2 + 4 x) x = x3 2x 2 4x dx dx + dx x x x

= x 2 dx 2 xdx + 4 dx = x3 x 2 + 4 x +C 3

(4 x +3)

dx
u = 4 x +3 du / dx = 4 du = 4dx

4 = ( 4 x +3) ( ) dx 4 1 2 = ( 4 x +3) 4dx 4 1 = ( 4 x +3) 3 +C 12

( 2 x 1) 2 2 x dx 4 x 2 4 x +1 4x 2 4x 1 )dx = dx dx + dx 2x 2x 2x 2x x 1 = 2 xdx 2dx + dx 2 1 = 2 xdx 2 dx + x 1 dx 2 1 = x 2 2 x + ln x + C 2 = (

(2
=

x 3 x x 4 ) dx

= 2 x dx 3 x dx x 4 dx = 2 x 2 dx x 3 dx x 4 dx
3 4 1 1

x2 x3 x5 = 2( ) ( ) ( ) +c 3 4 5 2 3 42 3 33 4 1 = x x x5 +C 3 4 5

10

( x 3 )dx
1 1 dx xdx x 3 1 x2 = 3 ln x ( ) +C 3 2 x 2 1 2x = 3( 2e )e x 2)+C ln x + (1 + x 2x6dx dx e = 3
2x dx 2 x = 2 e dx + e arc .tagx +c = 1x+ x 2 = 2 x dx e e dx dx x = 2dx + 2 e dx 2 = 2 1 + x 2 =2arctgx + C 2 a +u = 2 dx + e x dx

= 2arctgxx + C = 2x +e + C

11

12

u =x du / dx = 1 du = dx a2 =1 a =1

13

(4 x +2)( x 1)dx
= ( 4 x 2 2 x 2)d x =4 x 2 d 2 xd d x x 2 x = 4 3 x x 2 2 x +C 3