UNIX COMMANDS
Files and Directories
cat <filename> - To create a File
CTRL-D - To save a File
ls - To list all files in a directory
ls <filename> - To list mentioned File
lsf - To list all files with directories
ll - To list names of files,its Directories and permissions
• if a file name starts with '.',that is invisible file
ls -a - To list Invisible files also
In Unix file name is "Case sensitive" 'Money' and 'moneY' are treated as two files
more <filename> - To view content of the textfile
Press 'SPACE' to viwe content of longer file. Press 'Q' to quit or when
finished
head <filename> - To display first 10 lines of file
tail <filename> - To display last 10 lines of file
head -25 <filename> - To display first 25 lines of file
lp <filename>- To Print a file
lpstat -t - To display the printjob information
cancel <request_id> - To cancel the print
mv <old filename> <new filename> - To rename oldfile to newfile
mv </path1> </path2> - To rename file in path1 to path2
mv -i <old filename> <new filename> - To ask confirmation if newfile is already
o existing
mv -i </path1> </path2> - To rename file in path1 to path2 with confirmation
cp <filename1> <filename2> - To copy file1 to file2
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cp </path1> </path2> - To copy file in path1 to path2
cp -i </path1> </path2> - To copy file in path1 to path2 with confirmation
cp -i <filename1> <filename2> - To ask confirmation to overwrite
cp -r <dir1> <dir2> - To copy directory
rm <filename> - To remove a file
rmdir <dir> - To remove a directory
rm -rf <dir> - To remove directory and all of its contents
rm -i <filename> - To remove a file with confirmation
diff <filename1> <filename2> - To find difference b/w two file texts
cat <filename1> >> <filename2> - To Append the file1 to file2
pwd - To display absolute path in which we are in
mkdir <directory name> - To create a Directory
mkdir <dir1>/old - To create old in dir1
cd - To change home directory
cd <path> - To change directory
grep <text> <filename> - To list the string contains <text> in file
grep -i <text> <filename> - case sensitive
grep <word> <file1> <file2> <file3> - To list the string contains <word> in multiple
files
find -name <d*> - To find all files starting with letter D
find <dir_path> -name <filename>- To find a file in mentioned directory
cal - To display English calendar for current month
cal 5 2010 - To Display 5th month of 2010
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VI (visual) Editor Commands
vi <filename>- To edit a file
i - To insert text before cursor
I - To insert before the first character of line
a - To append text after cursor
A - To go at the end of line
• - To open a blank line to below cursor
• - To open a blank line to above cursor
x - To delete one character
dd - To delete current line
ESC - To return to command mode
:q! - To exit VI without saving changes
:w - To save the current file
:wq - To save the current file and exit VI
:W <file1> - To save the current file to file1
:w! <file1> - To overwrite contents of file1 with current file
:r <file1> - To insert contents of file1 into current file
:!<command> - To run a UNIX command while in VI
u - To undo the last change made to text
U - To undo the all the changes made to single line
File Transfer Protocol - ftp
ftp <hostname> - To connect to remote host for doing ftp
? - To see a list of available commands in remote host
get <remote file> <local file> - To transfer file from remote host to local host
<remote file> is the path of file to be transferred.
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<local file> is the path of file where to be Transferred.
put - To transfer file from the local machine to the remote machine.
UNIX COMMANDS (SAP BASIS)
ps -ef - To find what process are running
kill <PID> - To stop a process
kill -9 <pid> - To stop a Unresponsive process
ps –ef | grep tp - To see the transport process is running or not......
ps –ef | grep sap - To see the sap system is up or not..
Here we see the all the work process
ps –ef | grep ora - To see the background process running or not
BDF - View Overall Filesystems
bdf . (Checking the particular filesystem you are currently in)
PS - View overall running processes
ps –eaf | grep dw (Checking SAP System running or not)
ps –eaf | grep ora (Checking whether oracle DB is running)
ps –eaf | grep webdisp (Checking if the Web Dispatcher is running)
chmod - Changing access modes of a file. Read (4), Write (2) and Execute (1)
eg. chmod 775 filename (rwxrwxr-x)
chmod 755 filename (rwxr-xr-x)
chown - Changing owner of file
eg. chown bw1adm filename
chgrp - Changing group of file
eg.---- chgrp dba filename
ls - Listing files in a particular directories
ls -al (List of all Files)
ls -lrt (Listing the filenames with respect to Timestamp)
pwd - Checking the exact path where you are currently standing
rm - Remove file
rm -rf filename (Confirm Delete)
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rm -i filename (Will prompt before deleting)
Cntrl C -Terminating whatever is running on your screen
clear - Clear the screen
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