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4 Cylindrical and Spherical Coordinates Lesson 4

This document provides an overview of cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems. It includes examples of converting between rectangular and cylindrical coordinates and between rectangular and spherical coordinates. It also gives examples of writing equations in cylindrical and spherical coordinate forms and identifying surfaces based on their equations. The objectives are to be able to convert between coordinate systems, write equations in various coordinate forms, and identify surfaces.

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Nur Hanna
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211 views10 pages

4 Cylindrical and Spherical Coordinates Lesson 4

This document provides an overview of cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems. It includes examples of converting between rectangular and cylindrical coordinates and between rectangular and spherical coordinates. It also gives examples of writing equations in cylindrical and spherical coordinate forms and identifying surfaces based on their equations. The objectives are to be able to convert between coordinate systems, write equations in various coordinate forms, and identify surfaces.

Uploaded by

Nur Hanna
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cylindrical and Spherical Coordinates

Lesson 4
Objectives:
At the end of the lesson you should be able to:
1. Convert from cylindrical to rectangular coordinates
or vice versa.
2. Convert from spherical to rectangular coordinates
or vice versa.
3. Write the equation in cylindrical coordinates.
4. Write the equation in spherical coordinates.
5. Identify the surface.

UTP/JBJ 1
Cylindrical Coordinates

The ordered triple ( r ,  , z ) where r ,  are


polar coordinates .
z x  r cos 
P(x,y,z)
 y  r sin 
r x y
2 2 2

z
1 y
r   tan
 y x
x z=z
UTP/JBJ 2
Example 1
Change from rectangular to cylindrical coordinates
the point
(1,  3 , 2) : ( x, y, z )  (r ,  , z )

Solution:
r  x2  y2  2 , z  2
y 1  3 4
  tan 1
 tan  240 
0

x 1 3
 1,    4    
3 , 2  2, , 2   2, , 2
 3   3 

UTP/JBJ 3
Example 2

Find the rectangular coordinate of the point



(3 , , 1)
2
Solution

( r ,  , z )  ( x , y , z )  ( r cos , r sin , z )
( x , y , z )  ( 0 , 3 , 1)

UTP/JBJ 4
Spherical Coordinates
z

( ,  ,  ) Use this!!!
z  
 z   cos  , r   sin 
y
r x   sin  cos  , y   sin  sin 
  2  x2  y 2  z 2
x
(0     ,   0)

UTP/JBJ 5
Example 3
Change the point (1, 3 , 2 3 ) from rectangular
coordinates to spherical coordinates. ( x, y, z )  (  ,  ,  )
2  x 2  y 2  z 2

  1  ( 3)  2 3
2 2
  2
4 x   sin  cos 
1 1
  cos
4 sin 30 0
1 1
z   cos    cos  60 0
2
z 1 1 2 3
  cos  cos  30 0
 4
UTP/JBJ 6
Example 4
  
Change the point  8 , 6 , 2  from spherical coordinates to
 
cylindrical coordinates.
  , ,     r ,  , z 
2  ( x 2  y 2 )  z 2  r 2  z 2
2
 
8  r    cos 
2 2 2
 r   8 cos 
2

 2
r 8 , z 0

     
 8 , ,    8, , 0 
 6 2  6 
UTP/JBJ
7
Example 5
Identify the surface whose equation is given:
(Hint: Express the equations in rectangular forms and
determine the traces to find the solid).

1) z  r 2

2) r  2 cos 
3) r  2 z  4
2 2

UTP/JBJ 8
z  r2 r 2  2z 2  4
z  x2  y2 , x2  y 2  2z 2  4
x2 y2 z 2
( circular paraboloid ) 2
 2  1
2 2 2

r  2 cos  (hypeboloid )
 r  2 cos  r
x2  y 2  2x ,
(cirular cylinder )

UTP/JBJ 9
Exercise

Solve problems on page 879


Nos. 38, 42, 45

UTP/JBJ 10

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