MCQs for childhooD obesity

ASSESSMENT Of 30 mcqs

FPSC No : 34
MCQs on Update on Childhood Obesity
Submission deadline : 23 April 2010

INSTRUCTIONS
• With effect from 1st April 2008, the College Assessment of 30 MCQs has gone paperless.
• To submit answers to the following multiple choice questions, you are required to log on to the College Online
Portal (www.cfps2online.org)
• Attempt ALL the following multiple choice questions.
• There is only ONE correct answer for each question.
• The answers should be submitted to the College of Family Physicians Singapore via the College Online Portal
before the submission deadline stated above.

Unit 1 4. About the IOTF-BMI as a screening tool for childhood

obesity, which of the following statements is
CORRECT?
1. About childhood obesity which of the following
(A) It is a BMI data set from nine international countries, including
statements is CORRECT? Obesity is defined as:
Singapore.
(A) Excessive accumulation of body fat.
(B) It has high specificity so it will overdiagnose non-obese
(B) A BMI of more than 85th percentile of age.
cases.
(C) A percentage weight for height (PWH) of 140%.
(C) As a screening tool, it has a low sensitivity and this is no good
(D) Waist circumference of 80cm and greater.
because it will underestimate the true prevalence.
(E) None of the above definitions is correct.
(D) The IOTF-BMI is a better screening tool than population
specific BMI charts.
2. About the methods for measuring body fat, which of (E) None of the above statements is correct.
the following statements is INCORRECT?
(A) Waist hip ratio (WHR) is infrequently used in studies of
children and adolescents. 5. Based on the existing trends of obesity, in 2010, which
(B) Waist circumference (WC) centiles for children have been of the following regions will have the lowest rates of
developed in a number of countries. overweight based on IOFT criteria?
(C) Skin fold measurements can be difficult to measure (A) Americas.
reproducibly if the subject is fat. (B) South East Asia.
(D) Bioelectrical impedence analysers (BIA) are not suitable for (C) Western Pacific.
use in field surveys because they are bulky. (D) Eastern Mediterranean.
(E) Hydrodensitometry (underwater weighing) is often described (E) European.
as the gold standard for body fat measurement.

3. Which of the following statements about BMI Unit 2

measurements is CORRECT?
(A) BMI remains constant throughout childhood and 6. The persistence of childhood obesity into adulthood
adolescence. depends on the:
(B) Male and female BMIs tend to be similar in adolescence. (A) Presence of obesity in at least one parent.
(C) In respect to age, BMI increases from birth to around one
(B) Presence of obesity in both parents and all siblings.
year, then declines to a nadir around age six, and increases
(C) Severity of obesity.
again for the remainder of childhood and adolescence.
(D) Age at which the child becomes obese.
(D) BMI is affected by relative arm length.
(E) All of the above.
(E) BMI directly measures body fatness.

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 MCQs for childhooD obesity

7. Obese children are at risk of developing which of the 12. In Singapore, the proportion of overweight students
following medical problems? in 1993 was 11.7% of all students. Which of the
(A) Non alcoholic fatty liver disease. following was the proportion of overweight students
(B) Chronic obstructive airway disease. in 2006?
(A) 13.5%.
(C) Insulin dependent diabetes.
(B) 11.5%.
(D) Prolapse intervertebral disc.
(C) 9.5%.
(E) All of the above.
(D) 7.5%
(E) 6.5%.

8. Pathological causes of obesity include ALL of the

following EXCEPT: 13. The Health Promotion Board works with the
(A) Growth hormone deficiency. Ministry of Education (MOE) to include key
(B) Prader Willi syndrome. messages in the school curricula on healthy
(C) Hyperthyroidism. weight, diet and physical activity. These have been
(D) Cushing’s syndrome. included in the following curricula EXCEPT:
(A) Geography.
(E) Hypopituitarism.
(B) Science.
(C) Home Economics.
(D) Health Education.
9. The management of childhood obesity includes ALL (E) Physical Activity.
of the following EXCEPT:
(A) Dietary changes.
(B) Physical activity. 14. The Health Promotion Board works closely with
(C) Behaviour modification. schools to implement the Model School Tuckshop
(D) Family involvement. Programme (MSTP). The MSTP provides schools
(E) Bariatric surgery. with:
(A) Funds to create healthy recipes for children.
(B) A set of food service guidelines to ensure students have access
to healthier food and beverage choices in school.
10. About behavioural modification for childhood
(C) Courses to train canteen vendors on healthy cooking.
obesity, the following are desirable behavioural
(D) Recipes of healthy food and snacks.
change strategies EXCEPT: (E) None of the above.
(A) Reinforcement through contracts, praise, rewards including
food items.
(B) Setting achievable weight maintenance and weight loss 15. Schools which participate in the Model School
goals. Tuckshop Programme (MSTP) are awarded the Model
(C) Teaching skills for weight loss. School Tuckshop status. To date what proportion of
(D) Stimulus control which includes limiting the amount of the schools have achieved the Model School Tuckshop
status? About:
unhealthy food stocked at home.
(A) 57%.
(E) Educating the parents and children on the need for lifestyle
(B) 67%.
changes.
(C) 77%.
(D) 87%.
(E) 97%.
Unit 3

11. In 2005, WHO projected that there were 1.6 billion Unit 4
overweight adults (aged 15+). Of the children under
5, how many were overweight? At least: 16. Which of the following items about physical activity
(A) 5 million. is INCORRECT? It:
(A) Increases fat-free mass.
(B) 10 million.
(B) Improves cardiovascular fitness.
(C) 15 million.
(C) Maintains weight loss.
(D) 20 million.
(D) Compared to dieting, it promotes a more negative
(E) 25 million. behaviour.
(E) Prevents chronic disease.

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MCQs for childhooD obesity

17. Recent studies on step-counts in children 6-12 years 22. Which of the following statements about aerobic
old, showed there is a minimum step count beyond exercise for obese youths is INCORRECT?
which there is a lower chance of being overweight. (A) Examples of low impact aerobic exercises are walking and
What is this threshold? cycling.
(A) 15,000 steps for both girls and boys. (B) Examples of high impact exercises are dancing and running.
(B) 15,000 steps for girls and 12,000 steps for boys. (C) Progressive introduction of strenuous activities is
(C) 12,000 steps for girls and 15,000 steps for boys. recommended.
(D) 12,000 steps for both girls and boys. (D) Low to moderate intensity aerobic exercise for beginners is
(E) None of the above. generally well tolerated.
(E) Exercise intensity can be monitored using the ‘talk test’.

18. An obese youth wishes to embark on an exercise

programme, which of the following will be the best Unit 5
choice as the type of exercise to undertake?
(A) Resistance exercise using elastic bands, dumbbells or medicine 23. Protein rich foods can be satiating and therefore
balls. useful for short term weight loss if their energy level
(B) Running exercise. is low. Which of the following food items will be the
(C) Skipping. LEAST suitable in this context?
(D) Plyometric exercises i.e. repetitive jumping or bouncing (A) Skinless chicken breast.
activities. (B) Fish.
(E) None of the above. (C) Full cream milk.
(D) Egg white.
(E) Tofu.
19. Lifestyle activities are a good starting point to reduce
weight for obese youths who are inactive. Which of
the following is LEAST useful? 24. In Singapore, by law, every packaged food must have
(A) Walking to and from school. a label. Which of the following information need NOT
(B) Perform household chores. be included in the label?
(C) Cycling to and from school. (A) Date marking.
(D) Taking the stairs instead of lift or elevator daily. (B) Ingredient list.
(E) Feeding the cat or the parrot. (C) Nutrition information.
(D) Manufacturer’s details.
(E) All of the above must be included.
20. The Borg scale can be used to rate intensity of
exercise. Low to moderate activity corresponds to
which of the following rating on this scale? 25. Which of the following is CORRECT for one serving
(A) 6 to 7. of food in The Healthy Diet Pyramid?
(B) 9 to 13. (A) Half a palm size skinless poultry.
(C) 14 to 16. (B) Half a small apple.
(D) 17 to 18. (C) 100g raw leafy vegetables.
(E) 19 to 20. (D) 2 slices bread.
(E) One-quarter bowl noodles, spaghetti or beehoon.

21. The common consensus for physical activity guidelines

to combat childhood obesity is a participation of X 26. Of the 5 to 7 servings of rice and alternatives for
minutes or more of moderate to vigorous physical school children and adolescents, how many of these
activities each day. What is X? should comprise whole-grain foods?
(A) 15. (A) 1-2 servings.
(B) 30. (B) 2-3 servings.
(C) 45. (C) 3-4 servings.
(D) 60. (D) 4-5 servings.
(E) 75. (E) As much whole grain as possible.

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 MCQs for childhooD obesity

27. For a child who is 7 to 12 months old, what is the 29. With regards to salt intake for children aged 1-6
recommended limit of sugar in teaspoonfuls? years old, what is the amount of sodium that could
(A) 3. be consumed per day? Not more than:
(B) 5. (A) 200 mg.
(C) 7. (B) 400 mg.
(D) 9. (C) 600 mg.
(E) 11. (D) 800 mg.
(E) 1000 mg.

28. For children aged 2 years and older, which one of

the following recommendations on fat intake is 30. Which one of the following food facts is CORRECT?
CORRECT? (A) All vegetable oils are the same.
(A) Dietary fat should be limited to 20% of total energy. (B) Reduced-sugar products are lower in calories.
(B) Less than 15% of total energy should come from saturated (C) The total amount of trans fat and saturated fat in soft
fat. margarine is half that in butter.
(C) Less than 1% of total calories should come from trans fat. (D) Fruit and vegetable juices are effective substitutes for fresh
(D) Up to 5% from polysaturated fat. fruit and vegetables.
(E) Up to 5% from monosaturated fat. (E) A food item with no added sugar means it is sugar free.

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