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    Object Localization Technique

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    Shabana Serju
    This document discusses techniques for localizing objects in dental radiographs. It describes the tube shift technique, right angle technique, and stereoscopy. The tube shift technique involves taking two radiographs with different angulations to determine if an object is buccal or lingual based on its shift. The right angle technique uses two radiographs at right angles to locate an object in all three dimensions. Stereoscopy uses two films shifted for each eye to allow three-dimensional visualization through a stereoscope. The document also outlines radiographic techniques for localizing impacted teeth and foreign bodies in different areas of the jaws.

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    Object Localization Technique

    Uploaded by

    Shabana Serju
    3K views9 pages
    This document discusses techniques for localizing objects in dental radiographs. It describes the tube shift technique, right angle technique, and stereoscopy. The tube shift technique involves taking two radiographs with different angulations to determine if an object is buccal or lingual based on its shift. The right angle technique uses two radiographs at right angles to locate an object in all three dimensions. Stereoscopy uses two films shifted for each eye to allow three-dimensional visualization through a stereoscope. The document also outlines radiographic techniques for localizing impacted teeth and foreign bodies in different areas of the jaws.

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    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

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    This document discusses techniques for localizing objects in dental radiographs. It describes the tube shift technique, right angle technique, and stereoscopy. The tube shift technique involves taking two radiographs with different angulations to determine if an object is buccal or lingual based on its shift. The right angle technique uses two radiographs at right angles to locate an object in all three dimensions. Stereoscopy uses two films shifted for each eye to allow three-dimensional visualization through a stereoscope. The document also outlines radiographic techniques for localizing impacted teeth and foreign bodies in different areas of the jaws.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    3K views9 pages

    Object Localization Technique

    Uploaded by

    Shabana Serju
    This document discusses techniques for localizing objects in dental radiographs. It describes the tube shift technique, right angle technique, and stereoscopy. The tube shift technique involves taking two radiographs with different angulations to determine if an object is buccal or lingual based on its shift. The right angle technique uses two radiographs at right angles to locate an object in all three dimensions. Stereoscopy uses two films shifted for each eye to allow three-dimensional visualization through a stereoscope. The document also outlines radiographic techniques for localizing impacted teeth and foreign bodies in different areas of the jaws.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

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    CENTURY INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL SCIENCE & RESEARCH CENTERc

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    Department Of Oral Medicine & Radiology
    2010-2011

    OBJECT LOCALIZATION TECHNIQUESc


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    Submitted
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    Shabhana . B
    IV th BDS, Part 1.

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    Contents

    1.c Introduction

    2.c Indications

    3.c Localization Technique

    4.c Tube Shift Technique

    5.c Right Angle Technique

    6.c Stereoscopy

    7.c Radiographic Technique for Localization of Impacted Teeth & Foreign Bodies

    8.c Conclusion

    9.c Bibliography

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    Vntroduction
    yc These are methods to locate the position of a tooth or an
    object in the jaws.
    yc The dental radiograph is a two dimensional picture of a
    three dimensional object, it depicts the object in the
    superior ± inferior and antero posterior relationship.
    yc It fails to depict buccolingual relation or depth of the
    object.
    yc Localization is used to overcome this lacune.

    Vndications
    yc Foreign bodies
    yc Impacted Teeth
    yc Unerupted Teeth
    yc Retained Roots
    yc Salivary Stones
    yc Jaw Fractures
    yc Broken needles and instruments
    yc Root positions
    yc Filling Materials

    ›ocalization Techniques
    1.c Tube shift technique [Buccal object rule or clarks rule]
    2.c Right angle technique
    3.c Stereoscopy

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    Tube shift technique
    yc Buccal object rule or clarks rule
    yc The basic principle is that relative position of the
    radiographic images of two separate objects changes
    when the projection angle at which the project was
    made is changed.
    yc Different horizontal angle used when trying to locate
    vertically aligned images. Example: Root Canals.
    yc Different vertical angle is used trying to locate a
    horizontally aligned images. Example: Mandibular
    Canal.

    {ethod
    yc Two radiographs of the object taken.c
    yc First radiograph with proper technique and angulation
    as prescribed.c
    yc Second radiograph is with changing the direction of the
    central ray either with a different horizontal or vertical
    angulation and keeping all other parameter equivalent
    to the first radiograph.c

    Vnterpretation
    yc If the dental structure seen in the second radiograph
    appears to have moved in same direction as the shift of
    PID, the object in question is said to be positioned
    lingually.

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    yc If the object appears to have moved in a direction
    opposite to the shift of PID, then object in question is
    said to be positioned buccally.
    yc SLOB rule ± SAME SIDE LINGUAL OPPOSITE
    SIDE BUCCAL.

    pight Angle Technique

    yc Here two projections are taken at right angles to each


    other which helps to localize an object in the maxilla or
    mandible.

    {ethod
    yc A periapical radiograph is taken to show the position of
    the object superior-inferiorly and anterio posteriorly.
    yc Next occlusal radiograph is taken, which will show the
    object¶s buccolingual and anterio posterior relationship.
    yc Two radiographs when studied together, helps to
    localize the objects in all three dimension.

    àtereoscopy
    yc It is used to determine the location of small intracranial
    calcification and multiple foreign bodies in dense or thick
    section.
    yc Also used in cases in which the interpretation of images
    produced at right angle might be difficult.
    yc Evaluate the relationship of margins of bony fractures.

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    yc Stereoscopic imaging requires the exposure of two films,
    one for each eye and thus deliver twice amount of radiation
    to patient.
    yc Between exposure, patient is maintained in position, film is
    changed, the tube is shifted from right eye to left eye
    position.
    yc After processing, the film are viewed with a stereoscope
    that uses either mirrors or prisms to coordinate the
    accommodation and convergence of the viewers eye, so
    that brain can fuse the two images.
    yc This technique is popular for the evaluation of bony
    pockets in patient with periodontal diseases.
    yc For morphology of temperomandibular joint area.
    yc Determination of root configuration of the teeth that
    require endodontic therapy.
    yc Assessment of the relationship of the mandibular canal to
    the root of the unerupted mandibular third molars.
    yc Assessment of bone shape when the placement of dental
    implant is considered.

    padiographic Techniques For ›ocalization Of V pacted Teeth & Foreign


    Bodies

    {axillary Area

    1.c Incisor Zone


    yc Stereoscopic
    yc Lateral profile
    yc Occlusal

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    2.c Cuspid Zone


    yc Stereoscopic
    yc Lateral profile
    yc Occlusal
    3.c Bicuspid & Molar Zone
    yc Periapical
    yc Occlusal

    {andibular Area

    1.c Incisor Zone


    yc Periapical
    yc Lateral profile
    yc Occlusal
    2.c Posterior Zone
    yc Occlusal
    yc Periapical
    3.c Third Molar Zone
    yc Periapical
    yc Lateral Oblique
    yc Oblique Occlusal

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    Conclusion
    yc In clinical practice, the dentist must often derive from a
    radiograph three dimensional information concerning
    patients.
    yc This two methods, right angle technique and tooth shift
    technique are frequently used to obtain such three
    dimensional information.
    yc The dentist may wish to use radiograph to determine
    the location of a foreign object or an impacted tooth
    within jaw.

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    Bibliography

    yc Dental & Maxillo Facial Radiology (2nd


    Edition)
    Chapter Number, Page Number.
    By Freny R Karjodkar
    yc Oral Radiology Principles & Intrepretation (6th
    Edition)
    Chapter Number, Page Number
    By Stuart C White, Michael J Pharoah

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