Anatomy of Nasopharynx: Shajahan.C 51 Batch Medical College Calicut

ANATOMY OF NASOPHARYNX
SHAJAHAN.C
51st BATCH
Medical college calicut
 A fibromuscular tube
 12–14 cm long
 Extent: Cranial base to the level of
the C6 vertebra i.e. lower border of
the cricoid cartilage where it is
continuous with the oesophagus.
 A common passage for both food and
air.
 Lined my mucousa throughout.
 Situated posterior to the nasal and
oral cavities.
RELATIONS-
 Sup: Posterior part of the sphenoid body and the
basilar part of the occipital bone.
 Inf: continuous with the oesophagus.
 Post: C1-C6 vertebra & prevertebral fascia
covering longus colli and capitis.
 Ant: opens into the nasal cavity, mouth and
larynx.
 It is attached, from above downwards on each
side to: the medial pterygoid plate,
pterygomandibular raphe, mandible, tongue,
hyoid bone, thyroid and cricoid cartilages.
STRUCTURE OF PHARYNGEAL WALL
a)Mucous membrane
 The mucosa is continuous with that lining the
pharyngotympanic tubes, nasal cavity, mouth
and larynx.
 The nasopharyngeal epithelium is
pseudostratified ciliated columnar.
 Stratified squamous elsewhere.
b)Pharyngeal aponeurosis
 Fibrous layer lining muscular coat
c)Muscular coat
d)Buccopharyngeal fascia
PHARYNGEAL MUSCULATURE
 CONSTRICTORS  LONGITUDINAL
(external layer) MUSCLES(int layer)
 Stylopharyngeus
Superiorconstrictor
 Palatopharyngeus
Middle constrictor
 Salphingopharyngeus
Inferior
Thyropharyngeus constrictor
Cricopharyngeus
LONGITUDINAL MUSCLES
NERVE SUPPLY
 BY PHARYNGEAL PLEXUS
 Pharyngeal branch of vagus, cranial accessory N.,
glossopharyngeal N., superior cervical sympathetic
ganglion.
 Motor-
 Glossopharyngeal- Stylopharyngeus muscle
 cranial accessory N.- All other pharyngeal muscles
 General Sensory- IX & X CRANIAL NERVES,NASOPHARYNX-
maxillery nerve
 Taste – Vagus
 Parasympathetic- greater petrosal and lesser palatine
nerves.
BLOOD SUPPLY
 Ascending pharyngeal A. of External carotid A.

 Ascending palatine and tonsillar branches of
Facial A.
 Dorsal lingual branches of Lingual A.
 Greater palatine, pharyngeal and pterygoid
branches of Maxillary A.
 Venous drainage- by pharyngeal plexus of veins
on its posterior wall and empties into the
Internal Jugular vein.
LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE
Retropharyngeal and Upper deep cervical.

DIVISIONS
NASOPHARYNX
The uppermost part of the pharynx has a
respiratory function.
•Is a posterior extension of the nasal
cavity.
•The nose opens into the nasopharynx via
to large posterior apertures called
choanae.
•The roof and posterior wall of the
nasopharynx form a continuous surface
that lies inferior to the body of the
 Floor is formed by soft palate anteriorly.
 Posteriorly deficient space-nasopharyngeal
isthmus.
 Anterior wall formed by choanae
 Lateral wall-pharyngeal opening of ET
situated 1.25cm bhind the posterior end of inf
turbinate.
CONTENTS
•Pharyngeal tonsil
•Pharyngeal orifice of the auditory
tube
•Tubal elevation - torus tubarius
•Nasopharyngeal bursa
•Tubal tonsil
•Rathke’s pouch
Adenoids
Subep collection of lymphoid tissue at the jn of
roof and post wall.
Increases in size upto 6yrs and then gradually
atrophies.
Torus tubaris
ET bounded above and behind by an elevation.
Above and bhind the tubal elevation is a recess-
Fossa of Rossenmuller.
Nasopharyngeal bursa
Ep lined median recess found with in the
adenoid mass, pharyngeal mucosa to
periosteum of the basiocciput.
Notochord –pharyngeal endoderm.
Infected-persistent post nasal discharge.
Abscess-Thornwaldt’s Ds
Rathke’s pouch
Dimple above adenoids
Remniscent of buccal mucosal invagination,to
form the ant lobe of pituitary.
Craniopharyngioma may arise from it.
Tubal tonsil
Collection subep lymphoid tissue situated at the
tubal elevation.
Sinus of morgagni
 Crescentric interval between sup. Constrictor

and base of skull above is filled up by
 Condensed pharyngobasilar fascia
 Tensor veli palatini
 Levator veli palatini
 Auditiory tube
Passavant’s ridge
Mucosal ridge raised by fibers of
palatophrygeas.
Encircles the post and lateral walls of
nasopharyngeal isthmus.
E N
M M
E
K DI
THANKS VISIT AGAIN
G U
THANK YOU

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ANATOMY OF NASOPHARYNX

 Ascending pharyngeal A. of External carotid A.

Retropharyngeal and Upper deep cervical.

 Crescentric interval between sup. Constrictor

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