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Types of Graphs

Bar graphs are used to present and compare data through rectangular bars of differing heights or lengths. There are two main types - horizontal and vertical - with vertical best for comparing time series data and frequencies, and horizontal useful when category labels are long. Line graphs display relationships between two variables plotted on x- and y-axes, with time usually on x and quantity on y. They are popular for showing changes over time in science, statistics, and forecasting. Pie charts represent categorical data through circular segments divided proportionally to compare variables, with the whole pie equal to 100%. They are easy to create and interpret.

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228 views

Types of Graphs

Bar graphs are used to present and compare data through rectangular bars of differing heights or lengths. There are two main types - horizontal and vertical - with vertical best for comparing time series data and frequencies, and horizontal useful when category labels are long. Line graphs display relationships between two variables plotted on x- and y-axes, with time usually on x and quantity on y. They are popular for showing changes over time in science, statistics, and forecasting. Pie charts represent categorical data through circular segments divided proportionally to compare variables, with the whole pie equal to 100%. They are easy to create and interpret.

Uploaded by

flordelyna
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bar Graphs

Bar graphs are used to present and compare data. There are two main types of bar
graphs: horizontal and vertical. They are easy to understand, because they consist of
rectangular bars that differ in height or length according to their value or frequency.
These types of graphs serve the same purpose as line graphs: they represent time
series data. However, bar graphs display a change in magnitude, and not in direction
like line graphs.

A horizontal bar graph consists of an x-axis, and a vertical bar graph consists of a y-
axis. The numbers on the axes are known as the scales. Each bar is represents a
numeric or categorical variable. Vertical bar graphs are best used for the comparison
of time series data and frequency distribution. Horizontal bar graphs are particularly
useful when category labels are long;

Line Graphs
Line graphs are the most popular types of graphs, because they are simple to create
and easy to understand. They organize and present data in a clear manner and show
relationships between the data. They are used for personal, educational, and
professional reasons. Particularly popular in the fields of science and statistics, they
can also forecast the results of data that is not yet gathered. While line graphs and bar
graphs share the same purpose, line graphs display a change in direction, while bar
graphs display a change in magnitude.

Line graphs are used to display the comparison between two variables which are
plotted on the horizontal x- and vertical y-axes of a grid. The x-axis usually represents
measures of time, while the y-axis usually represents percentage or measures of
quantity.

Pie Charts
Pie charts are easy to make, easy to read, and very popular. They are used to represent
categorical data or values of variables. They are basically circles that are divided into
segments or categories which reflect the proportion of the variables in relation to the
whole. Percentages are used to compare the segments, with the whole being equal to
100%.

To make a pie chart, draw a circle with a protractor. Then, convert the measures of the
variables into percentages, and divide the circle accordingly. It is best to order the
segments clockwise from biggest to smallest, so that the pie chart looks neat and the
variable are easy to compare. It is also recommended to write percentage and category
labels next to each segment, so that users are not required to refer to the legend each
time they want to identify a segment.

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