Chapter 8 Study Guide
Chapter 8 Study Guide
Chapter 8 Study Guide
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
50. Photosynthesis uses the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and
_________________________.
51. _________________________ are diskshaped stacks of photosynthetic membranes inside chloroplasts.
52. Chemical compounds that give chloroplasts a green color are called _________________________.
53. Photosynthesis requires light, water, carbon dioxide, and _________________________.
54. A _________________________ is a cluster of chlorophyll and other molecules within the thylakoid
membrane.
55. Thylakoids are arranged in stacks known as _________________________.
56. Thylakoids are a _________________________ color because they contain chlorophyll.
57. If you separate the pigments found in a typical plant cell’s chloroplasts, you will find
_________________________, orange, and red pigments.
58. The excited electrons that chlorophyll transfers to the electron transport chain are replenished by electrons
from _________________________ molecules.
59. A membrane protein called _________________________ allows H + ions to pass through the thylakoid
membrane.
60. Stacks of thylakoids, called ____________________, are suspended in the stroma of chloroplasts.
61. A photosynthetic pigment that absorbs primarily red and blue wavelengths of light and appears green is called
____________________, while pigments that absorb other wavelengths and appear yellow and orange are
called ____________________.
62. The main pigment associated with the two photosystems is ____________________.
63. The abundance of oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere is a result of millions of years of ____________________.
64. Chemiosmosis in the thylakoid membrane results in the synthesis of ____________________.
65. The second stage of photosynthesis, in which glucose is manufactured, is called the ____________________.
Short Answer
66. Write the overall equation for photosynthesis in both symbols and words.
67. A student exposed two plants to only red light and two plants to only green light. Which plants should grow
better? Why?
68. What is the electromagnetic spectrum? Include an explanation of the term wavelength in your answer.
69. What does the Calvin cycle do?
70. What is the role of hydrogen ions in the conversion of ADP to ATP?
71. Why are six carbon dioxide molecules required to make one glucose molecule?
Other
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
A student prepared two beakers with identical sprigs of a water plant as shown below. She placed one beaker
in the shade and the other beaker beside a fluorescent lamp. She then systematically changed the distance of
the beaker from the lamp. She counted the bubbles given off by each sprig of the water plant. Shown here is
the graph of the data for the beaker she placed in the light.
Figure 81
72. Observing Look at the graph in Figure 81. At what distance from the light source was the greatest number of
bubbles produced per minute?
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
Figure 82
73. Observing What process is shown in Figure 82?
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
A student put together two different experimental setups as shown below.
Figure 83
74. Predicting In Figure 83, assume that the student tested the oxygen content in Jar B, then placed it in indirect
sunlight for two days. After this time, the student tested the air in the bell jar again for oxygen content. What
would you expect the results to be?
75. Designing Experiments Suggest an appropriate control for the experiment shown in Figure 83.
Essay
76. What is a chloroplast? Describe the structure of a chloroplast.