Lecture: Analog and Digital Transmission: - Data - Signaling - Transmission - Encoding
Lecture: Analog and Digital Transmission: - Data - Signaling - Transmission - Encoding
Lecture: Analog and Digital Transmission: - Data - Signaling - Transmission - Encoding
Transmission
• Data
• Signaling
• Transmission
• Encoding
– Digital analog
– Analog digital
– Digital digital
– Analog analog
Data and Signals
• Analog data
– Takes on continuous values. Ex. Voice or video
• Digital data
– Takes on discrete values. Ex. Text and integers
• Analog Signal
– Continuously varying electromagnetic wave representing data
carried over a variety of medium
• Digital Signal
– Sequence of voltage pulses representing data transmitted over a
wire medium
Examples
• Analog to analog
– Voice (Analog Data) Telephone Analog Signal
• Digital to analog
– PC ( Digital Data) Modem Analog Signal
• Analog to digital
– Voice ( Analog Data) CODEC Digital Signal
• Digital to Digital
– PC ( Digital Data) Digital Transmitter Digital Signal
Important
• Analog Transmission
– Not used with digital signal
– Transmits analog signals without regard whether it represents
digital or analog data
– Uses amplifiers – also boosts noise
– Okay for voice
– Can distort digital data
Transmission Systems
• Digital Transmission
– Concerned with the content of the signal
– Uses repeaters which recover the pattern of 0’s and 1’s and re-
transmits
– Can be used with analog signals if it carries digital data
• Again it recovers the digital data from the analog signal and generates
a new clean analog signal
– Is becoming more standard
Data Encoding Techniques