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2011ckESpf/ arv(1)&uf? trSwfpOf (138)

vdyfjymoefŒ&if tm%mrJhol rSmvnf; pGrf;tm; &Sdw,f?

(a':atmifq ef; pk=unf)

trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJŒcsKyf (vGwfajrmufe,fajr) rS xkwfa0jzef‹csdonf?

 trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pD tzGJŒcsKyf
trSwf(97§c)/ taemufa&$*Hkwdkifvrf;
A[ef;òrdŒe,f/ &efukefòrdŒ?

2011 ckESpf/ {+yDv (25)&uf?

1373 ckESpf/ wefcl;vjynfhausmf (7)&uf?
a=unmcsuft rSw f - 7 § 04 § 11

EdkifiHawmforRw OD;odef;pdefxHodkŒ trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pD tzGJŒcsKyf 'kwd,OuUX OD;wifOD;u

2011ckESpf/ {+yDv(5)&ufaeŒwG if pmtrSwf-028(pnf;§) 04§11 jzif h ay;ydk Œay;cJ haom pmyg ta=umif;
t&mrsm;udk trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pD tzGJŒcsKyf A[dktvkyftr_aqmiftzGJŒ. (22-4-11)aeŒwGif
usif;yaom tpnf;ta0;qHk;jzwfcsuft& odom&ef xkwfjyefvdkufygonf?
“(p)” ta=umif;t&m? ? w&m;Oya' pdk;rdk;a&;?
EdkifiHawmforRw OD;odef;pdefonf aejynfawmfY 2011ckESpf/ rwfv(31)&ufaeŒwGif
usif;yaom jynfaxmifpktqifh tzGJŒtpnf;rsm;rSt}uD;tuJrsm; jynfaxmifpktpdk;& tzGJŒ0if
rsm;tm; rdefŒcGef;¹r$wf=um;cJh&mwGif-
“» » » EdkifiHawmfudk acwfrDzGHŒòzd;wdk;wufwJh 'Drdkua&pDEdkifiHawmftjzpf wnfaxmifEdkifzdkŒtwGuf
w&m;Oya'pdk;rdk;a&;[m rjzpfraevdktyfygw,f? » » »”[k vnf;aumif;/
“» » » w&m;pD&ifa&; tzGJŒtpnf;rsm;taeeJŒ w&m;Oya'pkd;rdk;a&;twGuf vkyfaqmif&mrSm
zGJŒpnf;yHktajccHOya'rSm jyXmef;wJh Oya'ESifhtnD vGwfvyfpGm w&m;pD&ifa&;/ Oya't& uefŒ
owfcsufrsm;rSty jynfolŒa&SŒarSmufwGifw&m;pD&ifa&; tr_rsm;wGif Oya't& ckcHacsycGifhESifh
t,lcHydkifcGifh &&Sda&;qdkwJh w&m;pD&ifa&;rlrsm;twdkif;&yfwnfvkyfaqmifoGm;zdkŒ vdkygw,f » »
»”[k vnf;aumif; vrf;nGef¹rGwf=um;cJhonfhtwGuf jynfolrsm; 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omóudqdkvsuf
&Sd=uygonf? w&m;Oya'pdk;rdk;a&;twGuf t"duusaom vrf;!Gefrltjzpf awGŒ&Sd&ygonf?
tpdk;&tzGJŒopf rwdkifrD EdkifiHawmfat;csrf;om,ma&G;ESifh zGHŒòzd;a&;aumifpD vufxuf
uwnf;u jynfolŒ&J/ owif;wyfzGJŒwdkŒ w&m;pGJwifcJhaom jypfr_rsm;pGmudk tif;pdefaxmiftusOf;
axmif0if ;twGif; ppf aq;=um;emcJh&mwGif w&m;pD &ifa&;rlrsm;ESifh rud kufnDaom vk yfaqmifrlrsm;
&SdcJhygonf? txl ;ojzif h “Oya't& uefŒowf csufrsm;rSty jynfolŒa&SŒarS mufwGif w&m;pD &if a&; ”
rlESifh qefŒusifppfaq;cJhygonf? tpdk;&tzGJŒopf ay:aygufvm+yDaemuf ,cktcsdeftxdvnf;
tif;pdefaxmiftusOf;axmif0if;twGif; ppfaq;=um;emvsuf&Sdaom tr_rsm;wGif ppfaq;cH&

2 wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf?
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jzpfaeonf[k od&Sd&ygonf?
odkŒygI w&m;Oya'pdk;rdk;r_ vkyfaqmif&mwGif EdkifiHawmforRw}uD;. vrf;!GefcsufESifh tnD vkyf
aqmifEdkifa&;twGuf EdkifiHawmforR}uD;taejzifh vdktyfovdk vrf;!Gefr_ðyEdkif&ef tav;teuf
xm; wifjytyfygonf?

4-4-11 aeŒwGif usif;yaom A[dktvkyftr_aqmiftzGJŒ.

tpnf;ta0;qHk;jzwfcsuft&? “(qHk;)”
A[dktvkyftr_aqmiftzGJŒ
trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pD tzGJŒcsKyf
&efukefòrdŒ?

vlxkeJΠa':atmifqef;pk-unf tar;tajz {_yD

Rfa, April 15, 2011
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a':atmif qef ; pk = unf cif A sm;? u|ef udk rSefrSefuefuefokH;oyf+yD; tar&duefEkdifiH
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jrefrmh'Drkdua&pD ta&; v_yf&Sm;aeol wOD;yg? awGay;Ekdifr,fqkd&if taxmuftulðyEdkifr,f
ckavmavmq,f tar&dueftpdk;&u ae+yD; vkd@ xifygw,f?
awmh jrefrmjynfqkdif&m txl;udk,fpm;vS,f
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a':atmifqef;pk=unftaeeJ@ b,fvkdoabm tefwDpkcifAsm;? r*FvmygcifAsm;? u|ef
&ygovJ cifAsm? u|efawmfwkd@ Armjynf 'Drkdu awmf atmifjrwf0if;ygcifAsm;? *syefEkdifiH–
a&pDta&;twGuf b,favmufxdudk tusKd;ðy wuUokdvf Oya'Xmeu jzpfygw,fcifAsm;?
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aus;Zl;ðy+yD; ajz=um;ay;apvdk yg w,f cifAsm;? ckeJ@ oGm;+yD;awmh a[majymygw,f? tJ'DrSm *sm
ajz? ?tar&dueftpdk;&u txl;udk,fpm; reDu ausmif;om;awGudk u|efawmfhtaeeJ@
vS,fcef@wmudk u|efrwdk@uawmh oabmusyg a':atmifqef;pk=unfeJ@ bkef;awmf}uD; 'vkdif;
w,f? a&G;cs,fxm;wJh rpPwm 'J&pfrpfcs,f[m vm;rm;udk b,fol@udk ykdodygovJqkd+yD;awmh
jrefrmEkdifiHa&;udk ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmavhvmcJhol/ ar;=unfhwJhtcgrSm bkef;awmf}uD;'vkdif;vm;
tm&Sa&;&mawGudkvnf; u|rf;usifolwOD; jzpf rm;udk odw,fqkd+yD;ajzwJh ausmif;om;u t
w,fvkd@ em;vnfygw,f? 'ga=umifhrdk@vkd@ rdrd&JΠ&rf;rsm;ygw,f? tJawmholwkd@ bmha=umifhod
wm0efawGudk ausausyGefyGefxrf;aqmifEkdif vJvdk@ar;wJhtcgrSm 'Dbkef;awmf}uD; 'vdkif;vm;

wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf? 3
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tacgufaygif;rsm;pGmvm+yD;awmh pnf;&kH;a&; awmfwkd@ tJ'DtcuftcJawG jzpfaeygw,f cif
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w,f? pmtkyfawGvnf; trsm;}uD;xkwfw,f ay;Ekdifrvm;? wpkHw&mrsm; t}uHOm%fay;Ekdif
qkd+yD;awmh olwkd@awG ajym=uygw,f? tJ'Dawmh rvm;qkdwm u|efawmfwkd@ odcsifygw,fcifAsm?
a':atmifqef ;pk =unftaeeJ @ayghav²²jrefrmjynf tefwDpkusef;rmygap?
ta&;udkayghav EkdifiHwumudkvSnfh+yD;awmh vl@ ajz? ?tefwDhtaeeJ@ (UNHCR)ukd 'DudpPawG
tcGifhta&;tzGJ@tpnf;awG/ EkdifiHwum tpdk;& eJ@ywfowfvdk@ ar;yghr,f? 'Dhtjyif jynfya&muf
awGeJ@awG@zdk@ tpDtpOf&Sdygovm;qkdwmudk w aewJh jrefrmawGtcsif;csif;/ ulnDrpEkdifr,fh
qdwfavmufajz=um;ay;apcsifygw,f cifAsm;? uGef,ufzGJ@zdk@vnf; vkyfaeygw,f? udkaZmfrif;
aus;Zl;wifygw,f? wkd@ csufcsif;vufiif;vkyfEkdifwJh udpPuawmh/
ajz? ? u|efrtaeeJ@ avmavmq,fawmh Ekdif 'kuQonftcsif;csif; pmemem;vnf+yD; nDnD
iHjcm;udk c&D;xGufzdk@ tpDtpOfr&Sdygbl;? jrefrm !Gwf!Gwf&Sdzkd@ jzpfygw,f? 'Dvkdom aeEkdifr,f
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aeao;vkd@yg? u|efrudk odwmrodwmxuf jref tcsKdŒudkvnf; pOf;pm;vkd@&vmrSmyg?
rmEkdifiH'Drkdua&pD&kef;uefa&;udk urBmuodzkd@
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a':pkukd &k yfjrifoH=um;ujzpfap/ toHujzpfap/
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ajrmuf OuUvm (NLD Youth)u vli,fw trsm;}uD;av;pm;*k %f,lygw,f? a':pkukd u|ef
a,mufygcifAsm? u|efawmfwdk@ tpdk;&&JŒzdESdyfr_ awmf od+yD;om;wck u|efawmfwifjycsifygw,f?
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4 wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf?
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tajctae a':pktaeeJ@ vkyfay;zkd@tpDtpOf jzpfqkHa&umwma=umifhrkd@ ucsifjynfolvlxk
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abmw&m;u &kd;&kd;av;ygyJ? u|efrwdk@EkdifiH at; &w,f?
csrf;om,m0ajymzkd@qkd&if wkdif;&if;om;awG 'DjrpfqkHa&umwmeJ@ ywfowf+yD;awmh
tm;vkH;=um;rSm nD!Gwfr_&Sd&ygvdrfhr,f? 'Dvkd a':atmifqef;pk=unfwkd@ (NLD) taeeJ@ayhg/
nD!Gwfr_udk jzpfapr,fh jynfaxmifpkpdwf"mwf b,favmufxd uef@uGufzkd@ tpDtpOf&Sdvm;?
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oef@oef@ pif pifeJ @ wkdif;&if; om;tm;vk H;udk 0wDjrpf0u|ef;ay:a'orSm&SdwJh 'Da'ocHjynfol
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ay;&rSmyg? 'gudk t"duyef;wkdiftjzpf OD;wnf+yD; wm aqmufvkduf&if qkd;usKd;jzpfvmr,fh[m
vkyfaqmifoGm;rSmyg? OD;apmpwkd@vkd wkdif;&if; awGudk todynmay;zdk@ tpDtpOfawG&Sdvm;
om;awG&JŒaxmufcH r_udk tm;udk ;+yD; jynf qkdwm odcsifygw,f&Sifh? aus;Zl;wifygw,f&Sifh?
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ucsifvlr_zGH@òzd;a&;uGef,uf tzGJ@tpnf;uyg? w,f? tzGJ@csKyftaeeJ@ {&m0wDjrpfxdef;odrf;
tckar;csifwJh ar;cGef;u tckavmavmq,f/ a&;/ pnf;&kH;v_yf&Sm;r_vkyfzkd@ tpDtpOf&Sdygw,f?

wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf? 5
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rSm ucsifjynfe,fu tzGJ@csKyf0ifawGeJ@ rdwf tpkd;&qkdwmudk tarpktaeeJ@ vufcHygo
aqGawGqDu =um;od&wmawGvnf; trsm; vm;? todtrSwfðyygovm;? b,fvkdoabm
tjym;yg0ifygw,f? xm;&SdygovJqkdwmudk odcsifygw,fcifAsm?
aus;Zl;ðy+yD;awmh ajymjyay;ygvm; cifAsm?
ar;ol? ? udkodef;0if; ajz? ? tck tpdk;&topfwck &Sdaew,fqdkwm
r*Fvmyg tarpkcifAsm;? u|efawmhem udk t&Sdt&Sdtwkdif;yJ todtrSwfðyygw,f?
rnfu armifodef;0if;yg? u|efawmfyJcl;u jzpf wu,hfudk jynfolawG&JŒqENudk av;pm;+yD;/
ygw,f? tckvuf&Sd tajctaerSmawmh u|ef jynfolawGeJ@ wkdif;jynftwGuf tusKd;&Sdapr,fh
awmf xkdif;jrefrme,fpyfwae&mrSm &Sdaeyg tpdk;&rsKd; jzpfrjzpfqkdwmudkawmh eJeJawmh
w,f? u|efawmftarpkudk pum;wcGef;ar;csif apmifh=unfh&OD;rSmyg?
ygw,f cifAsm? etz ppftpdk;&uae+yD;awmh ÔÔÔ
EkdifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm;v$wfay;a&; zdvpfydkifajym-um;
Rfa, April 20, 2011
jref r mEk d i f i H u Ek d if i H a &;tusOf ; om; ,HtzGJŒ0if EkdifiHawGtwGufvnf; txl;ta&;
(2˜000)ausmfudk jyefv$wfay;zdk@ zdvpfydkifEkdifiH }uD;+yD;/ jrefrmtpdk;&taeeJ@ EkdifiHa&;tusOf;
jcm;a&;0ef}uD; (Albert del Rosario)u jrefrm om; (2˜100)udk jyefv$wfay;a&; pOf;pm;zdk@
EkdifiHjcm;a&;0ef}uD;opf OD;0ÀarmifvGifudk OD;0ÀarmifvGifudk(Mr, Rosario)u wdkufwGef;
awmif;qdkcJhw,fvdk@ zdvpfydkifEkdifiHjcm;a&; 0ef cJhw,fvdk@ qdkygw,f?
}uD;Xmeu {+yD (19)&ufu ajym=um;vdkufyg ÔÔÔ
w,f?
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a&SŒtm&S EkdifiHjcm;a&;0ef}uD;awG&JŒ xdyfoD;aqG;
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EkdifiHjcm;a&;0ef}uD;awG&JŒ oD;oef@awGŒqHkyGJrSm
tckvdk awmif;qdkcJhwm jzpfw,fvdk@ {+yDv (19)
&ufae@rSm xk wfjyefwJh zdvpfydkifEkdifiHjcm;a&;Xme
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'DvdkawGŒqHk&mrSm ESpfEkdifiHqufqHa&; wdk;
wufzdk@ ajym=um;cJhovdk jrefrmEkdifiHu 'Drdku
a&pD toGiful;ajymif;a&;[m wjcm; tmqD

6
 a':atmifqef;pk-unfESifh NLD v+yf&Sm;r+ owif;

tar&duef udk,fpm;vS,fa-umifh jrefrmhEkdifiHa&; ajyvnfzG,fr&Sd

Irrawaddy, April 20, 2011
tar&dueforRw rpPwm bm;&uftkd tay: taumif;jrifaom vkyfaqmifcsuftjzpf
bm;rm;u jrefrmEkdifiHqkdif&m tar&dueft &_jrifaomfvnf; &v'faumif;&ef rvG,ful[k
xl;ukd,fpm;vS,fwOD; cef@tyf&ef pDpOfxm;r_ ajzqkd=uygw,f? jrefrmEkdifiHwGif AdkvfcsKyfrª;}uD;
tay: óudqkdaomfvnf; jrefrmhEkdifiHa&;tusyf oef;a&$u aemufuG,frSóud;udkifaeqJ jzpf+yD;
twnf;ajyvnf&ef ar#mfvifhcsufenf;yg;rnf ,ckajymif;vJvkdufaom tpkd;&rSmvnf; ,cif
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qdk=uygw,f? tar&dueforRwonf jrefrm &jzpfonfhtjyif rl0g'ykdif;t&vnf; ajymif;vJ
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a&;qkdif&m 'kvufaxmuf0ef}uD; 'J&uf rpfcs,f a=umif; wcsKdŒu ajymqdkygw,f?
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7
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vnf; &Sdygw,f? w,f?
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vnf; bmyJvkyfvkyf w&kwfrsufESmudk =unfhae ÔÔÔ

tpdk;&opf vkyfydkifcGifhtay:NLD a0zef

Voa, April 20, 2011
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8 wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf?
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EdkifwJh jy\emawGtjyif vHkavmufwJh usef; ÔÔÔ

a&&Sm;onfh ¶GmESpf¶Gmudk NLD vli,frsm; a&pkyfpuf vª'gef;

Rfa, April 20, 2011
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&Srf;edkifiHa&; tusOf;om;awGudk &Srf;NLDu ul
BBC, April 21, 2011
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10 wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf?
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Dvb, April 21, 2011
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tpdk;&opfudkvufcHonfhtay: a0zefr+rsm;ukd a':atmifqef;pk-unf &Sif;vif;

Dvb, April 22, 2011
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ukd t&dStwkdif; vufcHwJhoabmygyJvkd@ &Sif;jy &ifawmh w&m;Oya' pkd;rkd;a&;udpPygyJ”[k
ygw,f?” 'ghtjyif tzGJ@csKyf A[dktvkyftr_ qdkygw,f?
aqmiftpnf;ta0;rSm +yD;wJh owif;ywfwkef; ÔÔÔ
trsKd;om;jyefvnf &if-um;apha&; orRwxHay;pm a':atmifqef;pk-unf
vufrSwfa&;xkd;
Rfa, April 22, 2011
'D&uf ydkif ;twG if; orRwOD ;odef;pdefxH =um;v$mudk jynfolawG 0kdif;0ef;axmufcH vuf
trsdK;om; jyefvnf&if=um;apha&;twGuf 0dkif; rSwfxkd;a&;v_yf&Sm;r_rSm (NLD)u wufwuf
0ef;awmif;qdkwJhpmudk rdrd vufrSwfa&;xdk;+yD; ºuGºuGyg0ifaeygw,f? ‚if; udk,fwkdifvnf; vuf
jzpf a=umif; jrefr mh' Dr d kua&pD acgif ;aqmif rSwf xkd;+yD;jzpfygw,f? 'ghtjyif a':atmifqef;
a':atmifqef;pk=unfu ajymqdkvdkufygw,f? pk=unfu jrefrmjynfrSm tpdk;&tzGJŒwpfck &Sdae
,ck&ufydkif;twGif;u 'Drkdua&pDvkdvm; wmudk r&Sdovdk [efaqmifaerSm r[kwfbl;vdk
olrsm;taeeJ@ EkdifiHawmforRw}uD; OD;odef;pdef ajymygw,f?
ukd yef=um;v$ma&;om;&mrSm jynfya&muf jref “tck tpdk;&tzJG@wck &Sdaewmudk r&Sdcsif
rmEkdifiHol EkdifiHom;awG/ txl;ojzihf 'kuQonf a,mifraqmifbJeJ@ tJ'Dtpdk;&tzGJ@eJ@ trsdK;
awG rdrdwkd@ae&yfudk vHkòcHat;csrf;pGmeJ@ jyefvm om;&if=um;apha&;udk a&S;&_wJh awG@qHkaqG;aEG;
Edkifapr,hf tajctaeawG jzpfay:vma&;ukd yGJawG jzpfa&;udkyJ OD;wnfoGm;rSm jzpfygw,f?
aqmif&Gufay;zdk@ awmif;qkdxm;ygw,f? 'Dyef vuf&Sd jrefrmtpdk;&udk t&Sdtwkdif; todt

12 wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf?
rSwf ðyygw,f”vdk h a':atmifqef;pk=unfu ar;jref;cJhwmudkvnf; jynfolawGudk yGifhyGifhvif;
ajym=um;cJhwmeJ@ ywfouf+yD; bma=umifh 'Dvdk vif; today;r,fvkd@ a':atmifqef;pk=unfu
ajymqdkcJhwmvJvdk@ aomw&SifwOD;u xyfqifh ajym=um;vkdufygw,f?
ar;jref;wmudk a':atmifqef;pk=unfu tckvdk “tefwDwkd@ awG@qHkaqG;aEG;a&;twGuf p
ajz=um;cJhwm jzpfygw,f? +yD;ajymwm/ vk yfwmeJ @ trsm;jynf ol od atmif
vkd@
wqufwnf;rSmbJ vuf&Sd jrefrmtpdk;&eJ@ owif; xkwfjyefyghr,f? tcktcsdefrSmawmh
awG@qHkaqG;aEG;a&;twGuf (NLD)&JŒ óud;yrf; bmrS rajymao;wmudk em;vnfonf;cHay;
vkyfaqmifaer_awGtay: aomw&SifwOD;u apcsifygw,f”[k qdkygw,f? Ô Ô Ô
Time r*~Zif; -oZmt}uD;rm;qHk; vlyk*~dKvf 100 pm&if;rSm a':atmifqef;pk-unfudk azmfjy
Rfa, April 22, 2011
tar&duef jynfaxmifpkrSm xkwfa0wJh uae óud;yrf;aeol jzpfw,fvdk@vnf; a&;yg
urBmausmf (Time)r*~Zif;}uD;&JΠ(2011)ckESpf w,f?
twGuf =oZmt}uD;rm;qHk; vlyk*~dKvf (100)pm (Time)r*~Zif;&JΠ(2011)ckESpf =oZmt}uD;
&if ; rS m jref r mh ' D r k d u a&pD a cgif ; aqmif rm;qHk; vlyk*~dKvf (100)pm&if;rSm xdyfwef;u
a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk azmfjyvdkufygw,f? azmfjycH&olawGxJrSm a':atmifqef;pk=unf
a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk vGwfvyfcGifht tygt0if tar&dueforRw bm;&uf tdkbm;
wGuf wdkufyGJ0ifolwOD;tjzpf azmfjyxm;+yD; w rm;/ 'k-orRw *sdK;bdkuf'if/ *smref 0ef}uD;csKyf
&kwfjynf wD,ifrif&ifjyifqENjyyGJawGrSm OD; tdef*svm rmu,f/ (Facebook) tifwmeuf
aqmifyg0ifcJhwJh w&kwf'Drdkua&pDa&; v_yf&Sm;ol xlaxmifol (Mark Zuckerberg)/ abm*aA'
(Wang Dan)u a':atmifqef;pk=unf&JŒrqkwf ynm&Sif ygarmuQ *sdK;Zuf pwpf*vpf/ tar&d
repfwJh 'Drdkua&pDa&;aqmif &Gufr_awG ta=umif; ueforRwuawmf rpfcsJvf tdkbm;rm;/ +Adwdef
r*~Zif;rSmtusOf;csKyf a&;om;xm;ygw,f? 0ef}uD;csKyf a';Apfuifr&Gef;pwJh urBmhacgif;
(1988)ckESpf jrefrmh'Drdkua&pDa&; qENjyyGJrSm aqmifawGeJ@ xif&Sm;olawGvnf; yg0ifygw,f?
a':atmifqef;pk=unf&JΠt=urf;rzuf v_yf&Sm; T(Time)r*~Zif;rSmyJ urBmrSm =oZmeJ@
r_awGudk aemufESpfrSm qufwdkufay:aygufcJhwJh tusdK;oufa&mufr_ t}uD;rm;qHk; jzpf&yf
w&kwfEkdifiHwD,ifrif&ifjyif 'Drkdua&pDa&; qEN (100)ud k vnf ; azmfjyxm;&mrS m *syef eJ@ e,l ;vef
ZD
jyyGJ umvtwGif;rSm txl;owdxm; Oyrm ajrivsif/ zlul;&SD;rm; EsLuvD,m; jy\em/
,lcJh&ygw,fvdk@vnf; (Mr, Wang Dan)u a&; tm&yfeJ@ tar&duefu qENjyyGJawGeJ@ 0DuDvdcf
ygw,f? a':atmifqef;pk=unf[m ESpfaygif; v#dKŒ0Sufpm&Gufpmwrf; ayguf=um;r_awG yg0if
(20)eD;yg; tusOf;cscHcJh&ayr,fh jyefvGwfvm ygw,f?
wJhtcsdefrSm 'Drdkua&pDwdkufyGJtwGuf a&SŒwef; ÔÔÔ

wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf? 13
 vli,fuGef&uf v+yf&Sm;r+rSm jynfya&muf jrefrmrsm; yg0ifzdkŒNLD wdkufwGef;
Rfa, April 22, 2011
jrefrm vli,fuGef&uftzGJ@awG aqmif jynfya&muf jrefrmawG rdrdEdkifiHudk at;csrf;pGm
&GufaewJh vufrSwfa&;xdk;awmif;qdkwJh v_yf&Sm; jyefvmEdkifa&;qdkwJh tcsuf (3)csufudk EdkifiH
r_rSm jynfyEdkifiHawGrSm a&mufaewJh jrefrmEdkif awmforRwtaeeJ@ ajz&Sif;ay;zdk@ vufrSwfxdk;
iHom;awG yg0if=uzdk@ trsdK;om; 'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@ awmif;qdkwJh v_yf&Sm;r_udk vli,f uGef&uftzGJ@
csKyfu wdkufwGef;vdkufygw,f? awGu wdkif;eJ@ jynfe,ftvdkuf ðyvkyfae=u
'DudpPeJ@ ywfoufvdk@ trsdK;om;'Drdkua&pD ygw,f? 'Dv_yf&Sm;r_rSm jynfya&muf jrefrmawG
tzGJ@csKyf ajymcGifh&yk*~dKvf OD;^m%f0if;u tckvdk yg0if=uzdk@ wdkufwGef;aewm jzpfygw,f?
ajymygw,f? “tJ'DOpPmu vli,fuGef&ufu orRwqD ay;ydk@r,hf pmerlemyHkpHeJ@ vuf
vnf; vkyfw,f? usaemfwkd@udkvnf; jyawmh rSwfxdk;&r,fh yHkpHudkv(NLD
J Website)rSm azmfjy
usaemfwkd@u oabmusw,f/ oabmvnf; xm;w,fvdk@ OD;^m%f0if;u ajymygw,f? pk
wlw,f? 'ga=umifh olwdk@eJ@ twlwl yl;aygif;+yD; aqmif;&&SdwJh vufrSwfawGudk oufqdkif&m jref
0kdif;vkyfae=uw,f? usaemfwkd@ tifwmeufxJ rmoH&Hk;awGuwqifh EdkifiHawmforRwqD ay;
rSm tJ'Du ykHpHqGJxkwf+yD; vufrSwfxkd;vkd@& ydk@=uzdk@ (NLD)u wdkufwGef;xm;+yD; &&SdwJh vuf
atmif wifxm;+yD;yg+yD? vufrSwfxkd;wJh ta& rSwfta&twGufudkvnf; (NLD)&Hk;csKyfudk t
twGufawmh usaemfwkd@ vkdcsifw,f” a=umif;=um;ygvdk@ qdkygw,f?
Ed k if iH a &;tusOf ;om; tm;vH k ; vG wf tck v_yf&Sm;r_rSm jrefrmh'Drdkua&pDacgif;
ajrmufa&;/ vufeufudkif wdkif;&if;om;awGeJ@ aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unf udk,fwdkifvnf;
jzpfaewJh yÉdyuQawGtygt0if jrefrmhEdkifiHa&; yg0if vufrSwfxdk;+yD;jzpfygw,f?
jy\emawGudk awG@qHkaqG;aEG; tajz&Sma&;eJ@ ÔÔÔ

ysHusaps;onfrsm; NLD twkd;rJh aiGacs;

Voa, April 23, 2011
t&if;tESD;rwwfEkdifwJh ysHustao;pm; wm0efcH a'gufwm ar0if;jrifhu ajymygw,f?
aps;onfawGukd taxmuftyhHjzpfapr,fh t 'DaiGacs;wJhpepfukd &efukefòrdŒ/ A[ef;òrdŒeJ@
wkd;rJhaiGacs;pepfukd(NLD)u prf;oyftaumif wmarGòrdŒ=um;rSm&SdwJh &mjynfhaps;rSm pwif t
txnf azmfaeygw,f? 'Dpepfom atmifjrifr_ aumiftxnf azmfaewmyg? tckvkd aps;onf
&&SdcJh&if wjcm;òrdŒe,fawGukdyg wkd;csJŒvkyfaqmif awGukd aiGacs;Ekdifzkd@twGuf (NLD)A[kdtrsKd;
oGm;r,fhta=umif; vkyfief;awGukd }uD;=uyf orD;tzGJ@u olwkd@ukd,fykdif &efykHaiG (10)odef;eJ@
aqmif&Gufay;aewJh (NLD)A[kdtrsKd;orD;tzGJ@ pwifrwnf+yD; vkyfaqmifaewmjzpfygw,f?

14 wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf?
 (NLD)u vuf&Sdtaumiftxnf azmf zdwfwJhtcgusawmh vl (50)yJvmygw,f?
aewJh twkd;rJhaiGacs;pepfta=umif; A[kdtrsKd; wcsdKŒuvnf; rvm&Jwmayghaemf?”
orD;tzGJ@wm0efcH a'gufwm ar0if;jrifhu ajym a':atmifqef;pk=unfeJ@ wjcm; (NLD)
jyygw,f? “azazmf0g&Dv (1)&ufae@u p+yD; acgif;aqmif wcsdK Œ&JŒ "gwfyHka wGygwJh vuf
awmh wa,muf (2)aomif;E_ef;eJ@ pvkyfay; aqmifypPnf;awG a&mif;csvkd@&wJh &efykHaiGxJu
wmaygh? vl (50)udk? tckqdk&if 'g (3)vajrmuf (10)odef;ukd trsKd;orD;tzGJ@u rwnfaiGtjzpf
jzpfvm+yDayghaemf? 'gudk olwdk@u prf;oyfumv eJ@ pwiftaumiftxnf azmfcJhwmvkd@ qkdyg
(6)vtxdudk vHk;0 twdk;r,lbJeJ@ ay;ygw,f? w,f? wu,f awmh t&if ;tES D ; rwnf aiG rwwf
(6)vjynfhoGm;&ifawmh pm&Gufpmwrf;zdk; qdk+yD; Ekdif=uwJh tao;pm; trsKd;orD; vkyfief;&SifawG
awmh olwdk@ apwem&Sdoavmuf enf;enf;t ukd aiGacs;ay;wm tckrS pwifwmawmh r[kwf
vªaiG xnfhcdkif;rSmaygh? twdk;r[kwfygbl;? t ygbl;? b*Fvm;a'h&SfEkdifiHu pD;yGm;a&;ynm&Sif
oHk;ðywJh pm&Gufpmwrf;zdk;yJ ,lygr,f? wu,f rdk[mrwf,l;eufpf (Mohammad Yunus)&J Œ
vdk@ 'D &mjynfhaps;rSm prf;oyfvdk@atmifjrif&if *&mrif;ef (Grameen)b%f[m tJ'Dvkd tao;
wjcm; òrdŒe,fawGrSm&SdwJh aps;awGrSmvnf; pm;aiGacs;wJhae&mrSm atmifjrifr_awG &&Sdae
quf+yD;awmhvkyfoGm;zdk@ &Sdygw,f?” wJh pDrHudef;jzpfygw,f? (Grameen)b%f[m
A[ef;òrdŒe,ftwGif;rSm&SdwJh trsKd;orD;t orm&kd;us twkd;E_ef;rsm;rsm;,l+yD; aiGacs;iSm;wJh
zGJ@0ifawGeJ@ awG@qkHwJhtcsdef (NLD)twGif;a&; pD;yGm;a&;b%fawGeJ@ rwlbJ tao;pm; pD;yGm;
rª;csKyf a':atmifqef;pk=unfukd olwkd@tcuft a&;vkyfief;&SifawGukd twkd;E_ef;oufoufom
cJawG wifjy&mu tckvkd twkd;rJhaiGacs;zkd@ p omeJ@ aiGacs;ay;cJh&mu b*Fvm;a'h&SfEkdifiH wif
wif taumiftxnf ay:vmwmjzpfygw,f? omru urBmtEHS@ vlodrsm;vm+yD; (2006)
“Zefe0g&Dvu c&rf;udk,fpm;vS,f axmifxJrSm ckESpfrSm EkdbJvf+idrf;csrf;a&;qkyg csD;jr‡ifhcHcJh&wm
qHk;oGm;wJh OD;wifarmif0if;&JŒESpfywfvnfrSm jzpfygw,f? (Grameen)b%fu aiGacs;=uol
a':pkuae olwdk@tdrfoGm;&if;eJ@rS tJ'DrSm&SdwJh (97)&mckdifE_ef;[m trsKd;orD;vkyfief;&SifawG jzpf
A[ef;òrdŒe,f trsdK;orD;awGudkawG@awmh pD;yGm; w,fvkd@ qkdygw,f?
a&;tcuftcJawGudk ar;awmh aps;a&mif;wJh (NLD)u tck pwiftaumiftxnf
tcgrSm tcuftcJawG@w,fqdkvdk@ a':pku azmf a ewJh twkd ; rJ h aiG acs;pepf [ mvnf ;
ae+yD;awmh twdk;rJh aiGacs;pepfeJ@ tao;pm; (Grameen)b%f&JŒpepfeJ@ t&if&SdcJhzl;wJh jrefrm
aiGacs;wmudk &mjynfhaps;rSm&SdwJh aps;onfawG EkdifiHtwGif;u tawG@tóuHawG aygif;pyfvkyf
udk p+yD;awmh ay;wmjzpfygw,f? 'gudk olu aqmi faewmjzpfw,fvkd@ a'gufwm ar0if;
trsdK;orD;tzGJ@udk OD;aqmifcdkif;wm jzpfwJht jrifh u qufajymygw,f? “tJ'g (*&mrif;ef
wGuf olwdk@tzGJ@u OD;aqmifwmayghaemf? yx b%fpepf)udkvnf; ,lygw,f? tefu,f OD;0if;
rqHk;uawmh vl (100)vdk@ rSef;xm;ayrJh wu,f wifajymjywmuawmh [dk;uwnf;udku pm
wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf? 15
a&;q&m q&mOD;aomfwmaqGuae+yD;awmh olwkd@trSefwu,f aps;a&mif;aewJhta=umif;
tJ'DvdkyJayghaemf/ acgif;&GufAsufxdk; aps;onf oef;acgifpm&if;eJ@ rSwfykHwif rdwWLawGeJ@ &kH;csKyf
av;awGudk reufaiGay;/ naeaiGjyef,lwJh rSm vmav#muf=u&wmyg? 'gayrJh wcsKdŒaps;
[mrsdK; aiGacs;ay;wm atmifjrifw,fqdkwJh onfawGu wjcm; òrdŒe,fawGuae &mjynfh
ta=umif; olu a':pkudk ajymjywm&Sdygw,f? aps;xJrSm vma&mif;cs=uwmjzpfwJhtwGuf
tJ'Dwkef;u tawG@tóuHuvnf; atmifjrif vpOfa=u; (7)&m jyefaumufwJhae&mrSm t
w,fqdkwmudk OD;0if;wifu ajymjywJhtwGuf cuftcJwcsKdŒ óuHawG@&wmawG &Sdw,fvkd@
a':pkuaeyJ tJ'DrSm qHk;jzwf+yD;awmh usrwdk@ a'gufwm ar0if;jrifhu ajymygw,f?
pcJhwmjzpfygw,f?” (NLD)u vuf&Sd twkd;rJh avmavmq,f aps;onfawGukd tckvkd
aiGacs;iSm;aewJh vkyfief;awGukd OD;pD;vkyfaqmif aiGacs;ay;aewJhtjyif aps;onfawGtaeeJ@
ay;aewJh A[kdtrsKd;orD;tzGJ@wm0efcH a'guf (2)vkH;xD/ (3)vkH;xD/ csJ pwmawG xkd;+yD; yifyif
wmar0if;jrifh ajymjycJhwmyg? yrf;yrf;&Smxm;wJhaiGawG vG,fvG,fululeJ@
tck &mjynfhaps;rSmacs;ay;aewJh twkd;rJh rðzef;=uzkd@/ &kd;&dk;om;om; óud;pm;vkyfukdif=u
aiGa=u;pepf atmifjrifr_&SdcJh&ifawmh 'DtpD zkd@&nf&G,f+yD; (3)ywf=um pdwfzGH@òzd;a&;oifwef;
tpOfawGukd wjcm;òrdŒe,fawGukdyg quf+yD; wkd; ykd@csay;cJhw,fvkd@ qkdygw,f? 'DvkdrsKd;oifwef;
csJŒvkyfaqmifoGm;zkd@ pDpOfxm;w,fvkd@ qkdyg awG aESmifrSmvnf; tvsOf;oifhovkd quf vuf
w,f? aiGacs;zkd@twGuf aps;onfawGtaeeJ@ ykd@csoGm;r,fvkd@ od&ygw,f? Ô Ô Ô
jrefrmjynfol. qENudk vufrSwfxdk; xkkwfazmfjcif;
OD;0if;wifeJΠar;cGef;rsm;
Moemaka, April 24, 2011
ESpfqef;w&ufae@u pwif+yD;awmh jref xm;qENawG xkwfazmfjyowJh v_yf&Sm;r_eJ@ ywf
rmjynfwGif;u 'Drdkua&pDa&;eJ@ +idrf;csrf;a&; vdk ouf+yD;awmh jynfwGif;omru jynfyuvnf;
vm;ol vli,fawG uGef,ufawGuae+yD(Sig- ; yl;aygif;yg0ifEdkif=uzdk@ zdwfac:w,f/ óudqdkw,f
nature Campaign)qdkwJh vufrSwfxdk; v_yf&Sm; qdkwJh toHawGvnf; =um;odvm&ygw,f? tJ
r_wckudk pwifvdkufw,f? onfv_yf&Sm;r_eJ@ ywfouf+yD;awmh jrefrmjynf&JŒ
'D v_yf&Sm;r_rSm a':atmifqef;pk =unft twk d u f t cH a cgif ; aqmif OD ; 0if ; wif e J @
ygt0if tifeft,f'DygwDu acgif;aqmifawG/ awG@qkHar;jref;jzpfcJhwm jzpfygw,f?
ygwD0ifawG/ vli,fawGuvnf; twlwuG yxrar;csifw mu 'Dj ynfo lΠqENu dk
vufrSwfxdk;+yD; tm;ay;axmufcHr_awG jyo vufrSwfxdk;xkwfazmfwJh v_yf&Sm;r_u tifef
=uwmudk awG@&ygw,f? EdkifiHawmf orRw}uD; t,f'DqENudk xkwfazmfwmvm;/ b,fol@
udk vdyfrl+yD;awmh trsm;jynfolvlxk&JΠoabm qENudk xkwfazmfwmvJ? tifeft,f'Duae

16 wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf?
vky fwJh v_yf& Sm;r_vm;? pJ+yD; jynfwGif;+idrf;csrf;a&;udk OD;wnfzdk@ 'gawGudk
tifeft,f 'Duaevk yfwJh v_yf&Sm;r_ r[k wf jrefrmjynfolvlxk w&yfvkH;&JΠqENjzpfygw,f?
ygbl;? trsm;jynfolawGxJu 'Drdkua&pDeJ@ vuf&Sd orRw}uD;uae+yD; azmfaqmifay;ygvdk@
jidrf;csrf;a&;udk vdkvm;wJholawGuae+yD;awmh yef=um;xm;wJh arwWm&yfcHwJh pmjzpfygw,f?
vufrSwfxdk;+yD; awmif;qdkwJh v_yf&Sm;r_yJ? 'gudk tJonf vufrSwfxdk; qENxkwfazmfwJh
usaemfwdk@uvnf; jynfolawGoabmxm;eJ@ v_yf& Sm;r_udk jrefrmjynfwGif;rSm b,fvdkrsLd;
twlwl &Sdw,f? axmufcH tm;ay;ygw,f aqmif& Guf= ur,f xifovJ?
qdk+yD;awmh 0dkif;+yD; vufrSwfxdk;=uw,f? ulnD vli,fawG uGef,ufawG&JΠcsdwfquf v_yf
r_awG 0dkif;0ef;aqmif&Gufr_awG vkyf=ur,f? &S m ;r_ a wG jzpf v mr,f xif y gw,f ?
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wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf? 17
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18 wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf?
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Dvb, April 26, 2011
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OD;jrifh wa,mufwnf; bmvkyfEkdifrvJvdk@ar;&if pD;yGm;a&;ESihf vlr_a&;aumfr&Sif&JΠ(tm&SESihf ypd
bmrS rvkyfEkdifbl;” vkd@ OD;jrifhu ajymygw,f? zdwfa'o)okawoeeJ@ zGH@òzd;a&;rl0g'rsm; avh
&efukefwuUodkvfu BA (t*Fvdyfpmay/ vmqef;ppfa&;XmecGJrª; tjzpfwm0ef xrf;zl;ol
EdkifiHa&;odyH̀ESihf abm*aA')bGJ@/ tar&duef jzpfygw,f?
jynfaxmifpku,fvDzdk;eD;,m;wuUodkvfuPhD ÔÔÔ
owif;orm;rsm; EkdifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm; twGuf aiGvª
Irrawaddy, April 28, 2011
jynf wG if ;pme,f Z if ; owif ; orm; a=umif;/ EkdifiHa&;v_yf&Sm;r_ wckr[kwfa=umif;/
(20)cef@pkaygif;+yD; ,kH=unfcsufa=umifh tusOf; vlr_tzGJ@tpnf;twGif; EkdifiHa&; tusOf;om;
uscHae&onfh Ekd ifiHa&;tusOf ;om;rsm;t rsm;ukd rulnD&Jonfhpdwf"mwfrsm; yaysmufap
wGuf trsdK;om;'Drkdua&pD tzGJŒcsKyfokd@ oGm; &ef&nf¶G,fI aqmif&Gufjcif;jzpfa=umif; ukdjrifh
a&mufI usyf(2)odef; vª'gef;a=umif; od&yg ausmfu qufvuf&Sif;jyygw,f? ,ckvª'gef;
w,f? jcif;ukd ukdjrifhausmf/ omvGefaZmif;xufponfh
Ek d if iH a &; tusOf ; om;rsm; taejzif h pme,fZif;orm;rsm;u uruxðyaqmif&Guf
axmifwGif;pm;0wfaea&; tcuftcJrsm;&Sd cJhjcif;jzpfygw,f? pme,fZif;orm;rsm; tae
onfhtjyif rdom;pkrsm;taejzifhvnf; jyifyY jzifh ,cktcsdefwGif EkdifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm;
pD;yGm;a&;/ vlr_a&; 'kuQrsm;ukd &ifqkdifae&onfh vGwfajrmufa&;/ EkdifiHa&; tusOf;om;rsm;
twGuf pme,fZ if ;owif; axmufr sm; pk ulnDa&;twGuf tm;vkH;ESifh yl;aygif;aqmif
aygif;+yD; vª'gef;jcif; jzpfonf[k tvGwfowif; &GufoGm;rnfjzpf+yD; qufvufvª'gef;oGm;rnf
axmufwOD;jzpfol ukdjrifhausmfu ajymygw,f? jzpfonf[kvnf; ukdjrifhausmfu ajymygw,f?
“aiGuawmh tm;vkH;twGuf vkHavmufcsifrS tEkynme,fy,frS vlaygif; (324)OD; pkaygif;
vkHavmufr,f/ 'gayr,fh axmif0ifpmawG@zkd@ vufrSwfxkd;+yD; orRwOD;odef;pdefxHokd@ EkdifiHa&;
tcuftcJ&SdaewJh rdom;pkawGtwGuf usaemf tusOf;om;rsm; vGwfajrmufa&;twGuf pm
wkd@vkyftm;eJ@ wwfEkdifor# ulnDwmyg”[k a&;awmif;qkdcJhygw,f?
‚if;uqkdygw,f? EkdifiHa&; tusOf;om;rsm; tultnDay;
pme,fZif;orm;rsm; taejzifh EkdifiHa&; a&;ESifh ywfoufI (NLD)onf jynfe,fESifh
tusOf;om;rsm;tm; ,ckuJhokd@ ulnDjcif;rSm wkdif;tvkduf vnf;aumif;/ òrdŒe,frsm;tvkduf
vlom;csif;pmemonfhtaejzifh ulnDjcif;jzpf vnf;aumif; wm0ef,laqmif&Gufaeygw,f?

22 wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf?
 a':atmifqef;pk-unf t,fv,fem ¶kpAJh qk &&Sd
Voa, April 28, 2011
tar&duefjynfaxmifpk/ avmhpftdef*s,f qef;pk=unf[m jrefrmEdkifiH 'Drdkua&pD&&Sdzdk@
vdpfòrdŒrSm tajcpdkufwJh (Feminist Majority OD;aqmif v_yf&Sm;aeolyg? 'g[m t"duuswJh
Foundation)vdk@ac:wJh trsKd;orD; tcGifhta&; vl@tcGifhta&;eJ@ trsKd;orD; tcGifhta&;awG
v_yf&Sm;r_tzGJŒu jrefrmh'Drdkua&pDacgif;aqmif twGuf v_yf&Sm;wdkufyGJ0ifaewmyJ jzpfygw,f?
a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk 'DESpftwGuf t,f jynfh0wJh 'Drdkua&pDpepfw&yf jzpfzdk@qdk&if vl@t
v,fem ¶kpAJ(h Eleanor Roosevelt)qk csD;jr‡ifhvdkuf zGJŒtpnf;&JŒv_yf&Sm;r_awGrSm trsKd;orD;awG yg
ygw,f? {+yDv (26)&ufae@nu ðyvkyfcJhwJh 0ifcGifh&zdk@ ta&;}uD;ygw,f?
'DtzGJŒ&JŒqkay;yGJ tcrf;tem;udk a':atmif “usrwdk@ tcrf;tem;udkay;ydk@wJh ol@&JŒ
qef;pk=unfuvnf; AGD'D,dkuaewqifh rdw pum;xJrSmvnf; a':atmifqef;pk=unfu
fqufpum;eJ@ aus;Zl;wifpum;awG ajym=um; trsKd;orD;awG&JŒta&;ygwJh tcef;u¾udk
cJhygw,f? axmufjy ajymqd kcJhygw,f? jrefrmEdkifiHu zdESdyfcH
jrefrmh'Drdkua&pDacgif;aqmif a':atmif trsKd;orD;awG/ rdef;uav;i,fawG tm;vHk;&JŒ
qef ;pk=unftygt0if urBmw0Srf;u trsdK;orD; tcGifhta&;twGuf OD;aqmifwdkufyGJ0ifaewJh
tcGifhta&; v_yf&Sm;ol (4)OD;wdk@[m tar&d a':atmifqef;pk=unf&JΠv_yf&Sm;aqmif&Guf
uefjynfaxmifpk avmhpftdef*s,fvdpfòrdŒ tajc r_awG[m jrefrmEdkifiHom;awGtwGuf omru
pdkuf trsKd;orD;tcGifhta&; v_yf&Sm;r_tzGJΠurBmay:u trsKd ;orD; xk tm;vH k;twG uf
(Feminist Majority Foundation)&JŒ 'D ES pf t twk,lp&m pHjyyk*~dKvfwOD; jzpfygw,f?”
wGuf t,fv,fem ¶kpAJhqkudk *k%fðycsD;jr‡ifhcHcJh jrefrmh'Drdkua&pDacgif;aqmif a':atmif
=u&wmyg? jrefrmjynfolvlxk&JΠvl@tcGifht qef;pk=unf taeeJ@ tcrf;tem;udk udk,fwdkif
a&;/ trsKd;orD; tcGifhta&;awG &&Sdzdk@ OD;aqmif rwufa&mufEdkifwJhtwGuf ¶kyfoHeJ@ óudwif¶dkuf
óud;yrf;aewJh a':atmifqef;pk=unf&JŒ v_yf&Sm;r_ ,l xm;wJ h AGD' D,d kacGuaewqif h qka y;wJh
awGtwGuf ol@udk tckvdk *k%fðyzdk@ jzpfvmcJh& tzGJŒtpnf;eJ@twl tcrf;tem;wufa&muf
w,fvdk@ tzGJŒ&JŒ 'kwd,tr_aqmif !$ef=um; vmolawGudk tckvdk E_wfqufpum; ajymqdkcJh
a&;rª; uufo&if; ayvm (Katherine Piller) ygw,f? “trsKd;orD ;awG udk ulnDwm[m
u ajymygw,f? vlom;awG tm;vHk;udk ulnDwmeJ@ twlwlygyJ?
“a':atmifqef;pk=unf&JŒ vl@tcGifht bmjzpfvdk@vJqdkawmh urBm}uD;rSm trsKd;orD;
a&;eJ@ trsKd;orD; tcGifhta&;qdkif&mv_yf&Sm;ae awG[m ta&;}uD;wJhtcef;u¾awGrSm &Sdae
r_awGtwGuf tck vdk *k%fðy&wmyg? a':atmif =uvdk@yg? olwdk@u|rf;usif&m vkyfief;cGifawGrSm

wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf? 23
wif r[kwfbJ tdrfwGif;/ rdom;pk twGif;rSmyg aus;Zl;wifwJhta=umif;eJ@ quf+yD;awmh tm;
olwkd@[m t"duuswJh tcef;u¾rSm &Sdae=u ay; ulnDoGm;=uzdk@udkvnf; a':atmifqef;pk
wmyg? tckvdk trsKd;orD;awGbufu vkduf+yD; =unfu wdkufwGef; ajymqdkoGm;cJhygw,f?
usr ajymaewmudk tcrf;tem;wufa&muf urBmw0ef;u trsKd;orD; tcGifhta&;
vmwJh trsKd;om;awG em;vnfEdkifvdrfhr,fvdk@ v_yf&Sm;wufºuGolawGudk (Feminist Majority
ar#mfvifhygw,f? trsKd;orD;awG óuHawGŒae&wJh Foundation)tzGJŒu tckvdk t,fv,fem ¶kpAJh
tcuftcJ/ jy\emawG/ trsKd;orD;awG &if *k%fðyqk csD;jr‡ifhvmcJhwm[m 'DESpf (7)}udrf
qdkifae&wJh cGJjcm;qufqHcH&r_awGudk trsKd;orD; ajrmuf jzpfygw,f? vlom;wdkif;[m vlom;jzpf
awG tcsif; csif; uyJe m;vnfr_ t&S dqHk ;yg? wJhtwGuf touf&SifaexdkifcGifh tygt0if t
'ga=umifhvnf; usrwdk@tm;vHk;/ txl;ojzifh ajccH tcGifhta&;awG cHpm;cGifh&Sd&r,fqdkwmudk
trsKd;orD;awGtaeeJ@ rdrdwdk@&JΠudk,fydkifvkyfEkdif azmfjyxm;wJh ukvor*~ vl@tcGifhta&;a=u
&nfpGrf;tm;awGeJ@ udk,fh&JŒtcGifhta&;awG nmpmwrf; a&;qGJjyÏmef;Edkifatmif OD;aqmif
tjynfht0 cHpm;cGifh&wJhtcsdeftxd nDtr&if; óud;yrf;cJhol tar&duef orRwa[mif; z&efu
awGvdk pdwfxm;+yD; twlwuGeJ@ teD;uyf yl; vif ¶kpAJh (Franklin Roosevelt)uawmf t,f
aygif;aqmif&GufoGm;=uzdk@ usrar#mfvif hyg v,fem ¶kpAJhudk *k%fðywJhtaeeJ@ 'Dqkudk csD;jr‡ifh
w,f?” wm jzpfygw,f?
vl@tcGifhta&;rSm ,Hk=unfolwa,muf 'DESpf qkay;yGJ tcrf;tem;udk avmhpftdef
taeeJ@ tckvdk vl@tcGifhta&;eJ@ trsKd;orD; *svdpfòrdŒu (Beverley Hills)[dkw,frSm {+yDv
tcGifhta&;twGuf a&SŒwef;uae OD;aqmif (26)&ufae@ nu usif;ycJhwmjzpf+yD; 'DESpf qkcsD;
v_yf&Sm;cJhol t,fv,fem ¶kpAJhudk *k%fðycsD;jr‡ifh jr‡ifhcH&olawGxJrSmawmh a':atmifqef;pk=unf
wJhqk csD;jr‡ifhcH&wm[m wu,fhudk *k%f,lp&m tjyif tmz*efepPwefeJ@ a[wDEkdifiHu trsKd;
ygyJvdk@vnf; a':atmifqef;pk=unfu ajymyg orD; tcGifhta&; wufºuGv_yf&Sm;ol (2)OD;eJ@
w,f? jrefrmEkdifiH vl@tcGifhta&; v_yf&Sm;r_udk tar&duefjynfaxmifpk (NPR)a&'D,dkXmeu
EdkifiHwumu ulnDaxmufyHhae=uwJhtwGuf owif;axmuf wOD;wdk@ yg0if=uygw,f? Ô Ô

qufoG,f&ef.......... [email protected]
www.nldla.net
P.O Box(34) Mae Sot, Tak 63110. Thailand
Ph: 084-5789669

24 wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf?
 taxGaxG owif;

&Srf;awmifykdif; ajr,modrf;r+rsm;pGmjzpfae
Irrawaddy, April 21, 2011
orRw OD;odef;pdefu awmifolv,form; Oya't& tumtuG,fay;&rnf[k (2008)
tcGifhta&;rsm;ukd umuG,fapmifha&Smufonfh tajccH Oya'yk 'fr (356)wGif jyXmef;xm;ygw,f?
Oya'rsm; tpOfacwfrDjynfhpHk&ef jyXmef; aqmif a'ocH OD;atmifausmftygt0if +cHydkif&Sif (6)
&GufoGm;rnfjzpfa=umif; ajym=um;cJha omf OD;. ajr{u (50)cef@ukd ppfzufqkdif&m vHkòcHa&;
vnf; jrefrmEdkifiHw0ef;Y t"rRajr,modrf;r_ tzGJ@ (p&z)¶kH;aqmufvkyf&ef twGuf tm%m
rsm; us,fus,fjyef@jyef@jzpfyGm;aeqJ jzpfyg ydkifrsm;u rwfvukefykdif;u odrf;qnf;cJhygw,f?
w,f? “odrf;+yD;awmh w{uukd usyfwodef;cGJ ay;
&Srf;jynfe,f awmifydkif; cdkvefòrdŒe,fwGif w,f/ OD;atmifausmfwdk@u vufrSwfrxdk;bl;/
ajrpm&if;OD;pD;XmeESifh tkyfcsKyfa&;Xme t&m twif;vdkufxdk;cdkif;w,f/ aemufqHk;r&awmh
&Sdrsm;u awmifolv,form;rsm;. ajr{u tm%mykdifawGu odrf;vdkufw,f”[k cdkvefòrdŒ
(100)cef@udk odrf;,lI ajruGufrsm;&dkufum jyef a'ocHwOD;u ajymygw,f? todrf;cH&onfh
vnfa&mif;csaea=umif; a'ocHrsm;u qdkyg ajrydkif&SifwcsdKŒudk w{u usyf (1)odef;cGJE_ef;jzifh
w,f? “tm%mykdifawGu ae&maumif;awG jyefay;aomfvnf; trsm;pkrSm r&&Sd=ua=umif;
udk ,lxm;+yD;awmh raumif;wJhae&mawGukd ‚if;u qdkygw,f?
awmifolv,form;awGudk jyefay;w,f”[k tvm;wlyif yef ;+cHaqmuf vkyf&ef twGuf
cdkvefa'ocH wOD;u ajymygw,f? ay (300)cef@&Sdaom a':eef;!Gef@ESifh armifESr
,ck ajrodrf;r_rsm;onf awmifolv,fo ykdifqdkifonfh+cHESifh ajrwdk@udkvnf; yk*~vdu
rm;rsm;/ tvkyform;rsm;. vlr_pD;yGm;b0zGH@òzd; ukr`%Drsm;u odrf;,lcJha=umif;/ ,ck ajrodrf;
wdk;wufvm&ef tm;ay;yHhydk;aqmif&GufoGm; r_rsm;uk d &S rf;jynf e,f 0ef }uD;csKyf OD;atmif jrwfxHodk@
rnf[laom rwfv (30)&ufae@u orRwt wd kif=um;xm;aomfvnf ; wpHk w&mta&;,l jcif;
opfOD;odef;pdef. yxrqHk;ajym=um;cJhonfh rdef@ r&Sd a=umif; od &ygw,f? aumuf ,lxm;onf h pm
cGef;ESifh qef@usifbufjzpfaea=umif; avhvmol &if ;rsm;t& &efukefwkdif;Y (8500){u/ {&m0wD
rsm;u qdkygw,f? wdk if; (5000){u/ ucsifjynf e,f (1138){u/
EkdifiHawmfonf EkdifiHom;rsm;. w&m;0if rGefjynf e,f (600){u &Sdajr,mrsm;udk yk*~vdu
&&Sdydkifqdkifxm;aom a&$Œajymif;Ekdifaom ypPnf;/ ukr`%Drsm;ESifh tm%mydkifrsm; yl;aygif;I odrf;
ra&$Œajymif;Ekdifaom ypPnf;rsm;ESifh pyfvsOf;I qnf;cJ ha=umif ; od&ygw,f?

wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf? 25
 ,if; ajrodrf;r_udpPESifh ywfoufI w&m; wif;wGif a&;om;xm;ygw,f? xdk@tjyif wm
&kH;odk@ v,form;rsm;u wkdif=um;cJhaomfvnf; csDvdwf usdKif;wHkòrdŒe,frsm;wGif ajr{u (100)
wpHkw&m ta&;,laqmif&GufcJhjcif; r&SdcJhay? ausmfukd w&kwfvkyfief;&Sifrsm;odk@ tm%mydkif
umvdòrdŒe,fwGif ,ckESpftapmydkif;u ppfwyf rsm;u v$Jajymif;ay;tyfcJhonfhtwGuf awmif
topf aqmufvkyf&eftwGuf ajr{u (300) olv,form; (5)OD;u w&m;pGJqdk&ef jyifqifae
cef@udk odrf;,lcJha=umif; &Srf;oHawmfqifh o a=umif; od&ygw,f? Ô Ô Ô
0ufem;&Gufjyma&m*ga-umifh aoonfh0ufrsm;udk rpm;-u&ef Ed+;aqmf
0ufem;&Gufjym&m*ga=umihf aoqkH;wJh pdwfawGudkawmh 'DEd_;aqmfcsufrSm azmfjyr_r&Sdyg
0ufawGudk rpm;=uzdk@/ ta&mif;t0,frvkyf bl;? 'DEd_;aqmfcsuf[m t&ifwkef;u (70)'D*&D
=uzdk@ arG;jrLa&;eJ@ a&vkyfief;0ef}uD;Xmeu pifwD*&dwf tylay;&if pm;Edkifw,fvdk@ wm0ef
wm;jrpf Ed_;aqmfvdkufygw,f? arG;jrLa&;eJ@ uk &SdolawG&JΠajym=um;csuftay: v$rf;rdk;ouf
oa&;Xme&JΠumuG,fa&;qdkif&m tcsuf (7) a&mufrSm jzpfygw,f? 'DAGDbDu ar;jref;csufawG
csufeJ@ jrefrmhtvif;owif;pmrSm Ed_;aqmf t& 0ufem;&Gufjyma&m*g[m vGefcJhwJh (2)v
vdkufwmyg? cef@u pjzpfwJh rEœav;òrdŒrSm a&m*gul;pufao
'ghtjyif 'Da&m*gjzpf&if wdarG;ukXmeeJ@ qkH;r_ enf;oGm;ayr,hf rauG;wdkif;xJu a&eH
oufqdkif&mudkta=umif;=um;zdk@/ emrusef; acsmif;òrd@eJ@ awmifwGif;}uD;òrd@awGrSm vuf&Sd
0ufawGudk oD;oef@cGJxm;zdk@eJ@ +cHxGufypPnf;awG a&m*gul;pufjyef@yGm;ae+yD; aus;&GmtkyfpkawG
a&$@ajymif;a&mif;csr_ vkH;0rvkyfzdk@/ 0ufaoawG qDudk ul;pufaeygw,f? 0ufarG;jrLa&;orm;
udk pepfwusajrðr‡yf+yD; ydk;owfaq;zsef;zdk@ a&m awGu 'Da&m*g[m róuHzl;bJ 0ufemwmeJ@ uk
*gjzpfwJh+cH0ef;usifrSm oef@&Sif;a&;vkyf+yD; ydk;owf ozdk@ aq;rrDavmufatmif aoqkH;wm jref
oef@pifzdk@/ òrdŒe,fpnfyifom,m tzGJ@ydkif aps; qefvGef;w,fvdk@ qdkygw,f? a&m*gjzpfwJha'o
awGuom 0ufom;0,f,lpm;okH;=uzdk@/ usef; awGrSm a'ocHawGu 0ufom;pm;okH;r_udk
rmwJh0ufawG 0,f,lo,faqmif a&mif;cscsif acwWa&Smif&Sm;=uolawG &Sdaeovdk aps;ouf
&if arG;jrLa&;eJ@ ukoa&;XmexHu usef;rm omvd k@ pm;okH ;olawGvnf ; &Sd ygw,f?
a=umif; axmufcHcsuf&,lzdk@ pwmawGudk Ed_; arG;jrLa&;eJ@ ukoa&;OD;pD;Xme 'k!¸efrª;
aqmfxm;ygw,f? rEœav;wdkif;a'o}uD;/ rauG; a'gufwmatmif}uD;u 'Dv (19)&ufae@ rD'D
wdkif;a'o}uD;eJ@ aejynfawmfaumifp De,f ,mawGudk ajym=um;&mrSm 0ufem;&Gufjym
ajrxJu òrdŒe,fwcsKdŒrSm 0ufem;&Gufjyma&m a&m*gumuG,faq;udk jynfwGif;rSmxkwfzdk@ pDpOf
*gjzpfyGm;/ aoqkH;aewma=umihf óudwifum xm;wJh t a=umif ;eJ @ wvavmuf =um&if
uG,fEdkifzdk@ xkwfwmvdk@ a&;ygw,f? tufzfattdk ynm&SifawG a&mufvmzdk@ &SdwJh
a&m*gjzpfyGm;r_eJ@ oufqdkifwJh tao; ta=umif; qJAif;a';*sme,frSm a&;ygw,f?
26 wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf?
 _idrf;csrf;a&;azmfaqmifay;zdkΠwkdif;&if;om; ygwDrsm; wdkufwGef;
Rfa, April 27, 2011
jrefrmEkdifiH tpdk;&taeeJ@ +idrf;csrf;a&; t vdktyfaewmaygh? tJ'D +idrf;csrf;a&;twGuf
aumiftxnfazmfay;zdk@eJ@ vGwf+idrf;csrf;om wnf + id r f a&;jzpf z k d @ twG uf uawmh tpd k ; &
cGifhay;zdk@ aqmif¶Gufay;zdk@ a¶G;aumufyGJ0if tquf quf u aqmif ¶ G ufcJ h a omf vnf; yJ
wkdif;&if;om;ygwD (5)ygwDu tpdk;&udk awmif; ,ae@txd vdktyfcsuf&Sdaeao;w,f? tJ'D vdk
qdkvdkuf=uygw,f? tyfcsuft&u 'Drdkua&pD tpdk;&opfuae+yD;
&efukefòrdŒusm;jzLygwD¶Hk;rSm {+yD (27)&uf awmh vdktyfwJh +idrf;csrf;a&;tajctaeudk +yD;
ðyvkyfwJh wdkif;&if;om;ygwD (5)ygwD tpnf; jynfhpHkatmif tpOfwpdkuf aqmif¶Gufay;oifh
ta0;uae qHk;jzwfawmif;qdkvdkufwmyg? ygw,f qd k+yD;awmh tJvdkrsdK; awmif ;qdk xm;w,f ?”
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om;awG aexdkifwJhae&mu +idrf;csrf;a&;awG ÔÔÔ

e,fpyftajcpdkuf twdkuftcHrsm; xdkif; ESdrfeif;zG,f&Sd

Irrawaddy, April 28, 2011
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wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf? 27
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onf[k od&ygw,f? ,refae@u ðyvkyfonfh &mZ0wfr_ESdrfESif;a&;qdkif&m ppfqifa&;rsm;udk
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Voa, April 28, 2011
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tar&duefjynfaxmifpk EkdifiHwum bm azmufr_awGtwGuf pdk;&drf&wJh EkdifiHpm&if;rSm
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28 wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf?
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Naytthit, April 29, 2011
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wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf? 29
 qD;&D;,m;ppfwyf ypfcwfvdkΠqENjyol 18 OD; aoqHk;
Voa, April 25, 2011
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vlawG u,fxkwf&m rpfp&mwmudk u'gzDwyfawG 'kH;usnfeJΠypf

BBC, April 27, 2011
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30 wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf?
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jynfya&muf wdbuftpdk;& 0ef}uD;csKyfopfudk a&G;aumuf

Voa, April 27, 2011
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wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf? 31
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32 wpfv ESpf}udrfxkwfa0onf?