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    Gasohol Production

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    Prashant Kumar
    Gasohol is a fuel consisting of a mixture of 90% gasoline and 10% ethanol. Ethanol is produced through the fermentation and distillation of crops like corn, sugar cane, potatoes, or maize. Gasohol has a higher octane rating and produces lower emissions than gasoline alone. It also helps reduce dependence on foreign oil and lowers carbon monoxide emissions. The most common blend is E10, consisting of 10% ethanol, which can be used in normal vehicles.

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    Gasohol Production

    Uploaded by

    Prashant Kumar
    8K views16 pages
    Gasohol is a fuel consisting of a mixture of 90% gasoline and 10% ethanol. Ethanol is produced through the fermentation and distillation of crops like corn, sugar cane, potatoes, or maize. Gasohol has a higher octane rating and produces lower emissions than gasoline alone. It also helps reduce dependence on foreign oil and lowers carbon monoxide emissions. The most common blend is E10, consisting of 10% ethanol, which can be used in normal vehicles.

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    Gasohol is a fuel consisting of a mixture of 90% gasoline and 10% ethanol. Ethanol is produced through the fermentation and distillation of crops like corn, sugar cane, potatoes, or maize. Gasohol has a higher octane rating and produces lower emissions than gasoline alone. It also helps reduce dependence on foreign oil and lowers carbon monoxide emissions. The most common blend is E10, consisting of 10% ethanol, which can be used in normal vehicles.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    8K views16 pages

    Gasohol Production

    Uploaded by

    Prashant Kumar
    Gasohol is a fuel consisting of a mixture of 90% gasoline and 10% ethanol. Ethanol is produced through the fermentation and distillation of crops like corn, sugar cane, potatoes, or maize. Gasohol has a higher octane rating and produces lower emissions than gasoline alone. It also helps reduce dependence on foreign oil and lowers carbon monoxide emissions. The most common blend is E10, consisting of 10% ethanol, which can be used in normal vehicles.

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    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    GASOHOL PRODUCTION

    INTRODUCTION
    • WHAT IS GASOHOL?

     Gasohol is a mixture of one part ethanol


    (commonly known as grain alcohol” or beverage
    alcohol) and nine parts unleaded gasoline
     The ethanol is obtained by the fermentation
    and subsequent distillation of sugar cane, maize,
    potatoes or corn.
     Gasohol has a high octane rating and produces
    lower levels of pollutants than ordinary gasoline.
     Gasohol is useful in decreasing the population’s
    dependence on foreign oil, and reduces the carbon
    monoxide emissions by up to 30 percent.
     The ethanol typically used in the Gasohol
    production is derived from fermenting agricultural
    crops.
     Fuel containing ethanol normally has an “E”
    number which explains the mixture.
     E10 consists of 10 percent ethanol and 90 percent
    gasoline whereas E85 is a blend of 85 percent
    ethanol and 15 percent gasoline.
     E5 and E7 are also common ethanol blends.
    HISTORY OF GASOHOL

     Sep 26, 1978 - American agri-fuels planned for gasohol


    production.

     Jan 7, 1980 - WASHINGTON The Carter administration


    announce a new program designed production of gasohol.

     Jan 12, 1980 - WASHINGTON -The Carter administration


    start a programme for Gasohol production.

     1981 using millions of tons of grains for Gasohol


    production in America.
    Common Blends of Gasohol

     E5 to E25 are known as low ethanol blends, and have


    5 to 25 percent ethanol blended with 95 to 75
    percent gasoline.
     E30 to E85 are considered to be high ethanol blends
    and have 30 to 85 percent ethanol mixed with 70 to
    15 percent gasoline.
     The most popular Gasohol blend is E10, which
    consists of 10 percent ethanol and 90 percent
    gasoline due to the fact that no modifications are
    needed to a vehicle’s engine to use E10.
    Ethanol-Gasoline Blend Use

    • Countries with ethanol-gasoline blend programs:


    – India (E-5)
    – USA (E-10 and for FFV E-85)
    – Canada (E-10 and for FFV E-85)
    – Sweden (E-5 and for FFV E-85)
    – Australia (E-10)
    – Thailand (E-10
    – China (E-10)
    – Colombia (E-10)
    – Peru (E-10)
    – Paraguay (E-7) and, of course
    – Brazil (E-20 / E-25 and for FFV any blend).
    Production of Gasohol
    Corn Wet Milling Production of Gasohol from corn
    Clean Corn

    Steeps

    Germ System

    Mill and Screen


    System

    Centrifugal
    Separator

    Wash Prime Starch (68%)


    Enzymatic Starch Conversion

    Starch Slurry

    -amylase Liquefaction Maltodextrin

    Glucoamylase/
    Saccharification
    Pullulanase

    Ethanol
    Gasoline

    Gasohol
    Biomass
    (cellulose, Hemicellulose, lignin)

    Mechanical chipping/grinding

    Milled Biomass
    Pretreatment
    (Dilute acid, 180oC)

    Pretreated solid Prehydrolysate Liquid


    (cellulose, lignin) (xylose, 2-furaldehyde)

    Enzymatic saccharification Fermentation


    (fungal cellulases)

    Ethanol
    Hydrolyzed Solid Hydrolysate Liquid
    (lignin) (glucose)

    fermentation
    Ethanol
    Reasons for Adoption of Ethanol-Gasoline
    Blends
     Effective and environmentally-sound way to
    complement gasoline supplies
     Miscibility with gasoline is good;
     Durability of gasoline is not affected by
    ethanol;
     Vehicle performance is maintained;
     Vehicle drivability is kept or improved;
     Good materials compatibility
     Vehicle durability is maintained.
    Advantage
     Emissions from using Gasohol are less than
    that of vehicles using gasoline.
     Using Gasohol assists in the reduction of oil
    imported from other countries.
     Crop prices are raised with the production of
    Gasohol. Ethanol is an alcohol derived from
    crops such as cane, grains and sorghum. This
    increases the demand and ultimately the price
    of these crops.
    • Gasohol is typically cheaper than petroleum as it is
    cheaper to manufacture.
    • Better performance -adding ethanol to petrol
    increases the octane level, and higher octane levels
    equal higher performance. Higher octane fuels also
    burn more slowly, reducing engine "knocking", and
    leading to smoother running.

    • Cheaper - Gasohol 95 is about 6% cheaper than


    regular 91 octane petrol. Since ethanol is about
    40% cheaper to produce than petrol using more
    ethanol will reduce the cost of the fuel significantly.
    Cleaner - Gasohol helps keep the cars engine
    running cleaner by reducing the build up of
    residue in the fuel system. Additionally the
    environment will benefit from reduced carbon
    dioxide emissions. Ethanol blended petrol has
    up to 50% less benzene and butadiene
    emissions, both of which cause cancer.
    Sulphur dioxide emissions are also lower since
    ethanol acts as an oxygenate and helps the
    petrol to combust more completely
    Disadvantages

     Alcohol-based fuels typically require more fuel


    to produce the same power output of more
    traditional gasoline.

     They also have a low boiling point, which can


    create problems with vapor lock in vehicles on
    a hot day.This problem can be more serious at
    high altitudes.
    THANK
    YOU

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