Which Is Defined By: : Synchronous Speed
Which Is Defined By: : Synchronous Speed
Which Is Defined By: : Synchronous Speed
Three-
phase
supply
Stator Air gap Rotor
m T
s
Three-
phase
supply
Stator Air gap Rotor
m T
s
Equivalent Circuit Of Induction Motor
Three-phase
windings Rotor windings Where :
Rs is resistance per-phase of stator winding
Three-
phase Rr is resistance per-phase of rotor winding
supply
Xs is leakage reactance per-phase of the
winding stator
Stator Air gap Rotor
m T Xs is leakage reactance per-phase of the
s winding rotor
Is Xs Rs X r’
Xm is magnetizing reactance
Rr’/s
Vs
Xm Rm
Im Ir’
Rr’/s
Vs
Xm Rm
2
Stator copper loss : Ps cu 3 I s Rs
' '
Rotor copper loss : Pr cu 3 ( I r ) 2 Rr
2 2
V V
Core losses : Pc 3 m 3 s
Rm Rm
Performance Characteristic of
Induction Motor
Pd Pd 60
- Torque of motor : Td or Td
m 2 N m
Pg (1 S ) Pg
or
S (1 S ) s
Performance Characteristic of
Induction Motor
Po Pd Pno load
Efficiency :
Pi Pc Ps cu Pg
Performance Characteristic of
Induction Motor
If Pg ( Pc Ps cu )
and Pd Pno load
Is Ii Xs Rs Xr’ Is=Ir’
Xs Rs Xr’
Im Ir’
Im Ir’
Rr’/s Rr’/s
Vs Xm
Vs
Xm Rm Po
Pi
' Vs
The rotor current is : Ir 1
2
2
Rr' ' 2
Rs X s X r
S
Ii Xs Rs Xr’ Is=Ir’
3 Rr' Vs2
Im Ir’ Td
' 2
Rr
Rr’/s 2
S s Rs X s X r'
Vs
Po
Pi
S
Stator Air gap rotor
Tmax Td
Tst TL
Tm=TL
Operating point
Torque
Forward Forward Reverse
regeneration motoring plugging
Tmax
-Smax
s s Smax s =0 s
S=-1 S=0 S=1 S=2
Ns Nm =0
-Tmax
Performance Characteristic of
Induction Motor
S
d Td
Slip for the maximum torque Smax can be found by setting : 0
dS
R X X
1
2 ' 2 2
s s r
Performance Characteristic of
Induction Motor
3 Vs2
Tmax
Torque maximum is :
2 s Rs Rs X s X r'
2 2
3 Vs2
Tmax
2 s Rs Rs X s X r' 2
2
2
R
X
'
' 2
For the high Slip S. (starting) s X r Rs r
S
3 Rr' Vs2
Tst
s X s X
And starting torque (slip S=1) is :
' 2
r
For low slip S region, the motor speed near unity or synchronous
X
speed, in this region the impedance motor is : ' 2 R'
s Xr r
Rs
S
3Vs2 S
So, the motor torque is : Td
s R 'r
Rr'
S max
R X X
And the slip at maximum torque is : 1
2 ' 2 2
s s r
3 Rr' Vs2
The maximum motor torque is : Td
' 2
Rr
S s Rs X s X r'
S
2
Stator Voltage Control
AC
Variable
IM
Controlling Induction Motor Speed by Voltage
3 Rr' Vs2
Td
Rr'
2
S s Rs X s X r'
S
2
Td
Vs > Vs1 > Vs2
Ii Xs Rs Xr’ Is=Ir’ Tmax
Im Ir’
Rr’/s
Vs
Pi
Po Tst TL
Tst1
Tst2
Stator air rotor
gap
2 1
S=1 S=0
s
Nm =0 Ns