Chapter 1 basics

1. For an isotope of argon (Z = 18), the mass number is Chapter 2 Nuclearchemistry

40. The number of neutrons in this isotope is: 1. The relative penetrating powers of a- and b-
18 40 22 the same as in any other isotope of argon particles, g radiation and neutrons (n) are: a > b > g > n
n> g > b > a n> a > b > g
2. Allotropes of sulfur include: 32S and 34S S8 and S6
n< a < b < g
S and [S ]2+ S in different oxidation states
8 8
2. An a - particle is: He2+ [He2]2+ He+ He
3. Energy is inversely proportional to: wavelength
234
frequency wavenumber Planck's constant 3. The product of the a-decay of U92 is
230
U92 234Np93 230Th90 234Th90
4. How many radial nodes does a 3p atomic orbital
possess? 0 1 2 3 4.The half-life of 222Rn is 3.82 days. The decay
constant, k, is: 1.26 x 10–4 s–1 5.47 x 10–5 s–1
5. Which of the following atomic orbitals can overlap –7 –1 –6 –1
9.12 x 10 s 2.10 x 10 s
with an atomic orbital of the same type on an adjacent
atom (both atoms lie on the x axis ) to give a π bond? 5.The decay of a radioactive isotope (assuming that
2px 3dxy 2s 3px there is no complication by decay of a daughter
6. Which of the following atomic orbitals contains one nuclide) follows: first order kinetics zero order
nodal plane? 3s 3py 3dz2 3dxy kinetics second order kinetics no particular type of
7. An atom with a valence electronic configuration of kinetics
1s22s22p63s23p3 belongs to group 3 5 11 15 6.Which of the following are transuranium elements?
8.An element has an outer ground state electronic Pa, Np, Am Ac, Am, Bk Cf, Bk, No Th, Pu, Cm
configuration of 4s13d10. The element: is a metal 7. Which of the following elements is not man-made?
is a non-metal is in group 10 is a liquid at 298 K Es Bh U No
9. Sketch an MO diagram to describe the bonding in 8. Deuteration of C2H5OH to C2H5OD: shifts the
[He2]2+. From the result, you can say that: wavenumber for the O–H/D stretch to a higher value
the ion is paramagnetic the ion has a bond order shifts the wavenumber for the O–H/D stretch to a lower
of zero the ion is likely to be less stable than He2
value has no effect on the absorption due
the ion is diamagnetic to n(O–H/D) dramatically alters all
10. The correct ordering of the electronegativities of the absorptions in the IR spectrum of the compound
following atoms is: 9. The nuclear spins of 1H and 2H are, respectively: ½
N<O<H H<N<O H<O<N O < N < H and 1 ½ and ½ 1 and ½ ½ and 0
11. Atoms of the elements N and P have: the same
number of valence electrons the same number of 10. The 19F NMR spectroscopic signal of NH4PF6 is a:
protons the same number of electrons the same doublet septet sextet singlet
number of neutrons 11. The 11B{1H} NMR spectrum of H3B.PF3 is a:
12. How many radial nodes does a 5f orbital possess? doublet singlet doublet of quartets doublet of
1 0 3 5 quartets of quartets
13. For which of the following molecules would 12. You are trying to distinguish between Ph2PH
VSEPR theory predict a trigonal pyramidal structure? (compound A) and Ph2PCH2PPh2(compound B)
PF3 BF3 ClF3 BrF3 using 31P NMR spectroscopy. You would: see one
signal for A and two for B. be able to readily
14. Which of the following molecules is non-polar? distinguish A by running P and P{1H} NMR spectra.
31 31
BCl3 SO2 H2S OF2 see a doublet in the 31P NMR spectrum of A but a triplet
15. Sketch an MO diagram for O2. Using the for B, both with large values of JPH. not be able
information in the diagram, which statement is to distinguish the compounds by this method.
incorrect? 13. 195Pt is spin-active with I = ½ (33.8%). The 31P{1H}
O2 is diamagnetic The bond order in O2 is 2 NMR spectrum of cis-[PtCl2(PPh3)2] would exhibit:
The bonding in O2 has a π-component. The
bonding in O2 has a σ-component
a doublet superimposed on a singlet a binomial bonds. B-H terminal bonds cannot be
triplet a doublet two doublets considered as 2c-2e interactions.
The observed structural parameters in B2H6 suggest the
14. If you were to record the solution 31P{1H} NMR presence of a localized B-B interaction.
spectrum of the octahedral complexmer-[IrCl3(PEt3)3], 12. An MO diagram for a model compound XH6 (Oh)
the spectrum (assuming isotopes of Ir are not spin can be constructed by considering the interactions
active) would exhibit: a doublet and a triplet with between the orbitals of atom X and the LGOs for
relative integrals 2:1 a doublet and a triplet with the Oh H6 fragment. What are the correct symmetry
relative integrals 1:2 a singlet two singlets with labels for these LGOs? a1g, t1u, eg a1g, t2g, eg
relative integrals 2:1 a1, t1, e a1, t2, e
15. WCl2F4 has an octahedral structure. Which of the 13. The bonding in XH3 can be considered in terms of
following statements about the 19F NMR spectra of cis- the interactions between the orbitals of atom X and the
and trans-WCl2F4 is not true. Ignore coupling to 183W. LGOs of the H3 fragment. For the LGOs, when X = B,
The spectrum of trans-WCl2F4 contains two signals the in-phase combination of H 1s orbitals has a1'
16. The spectrum of trans-WCl2F4 contains one signal symmetry, but when X = N, it has a1symmetry. This is
The spectrum of cis-WCl2F4contains two triplets, because: NH3 has C3v symmetry, but BH3 belongs to
relative integrals 1:1 A value of J(19F-19F) the D3h point group. NH3 has D3h symmetry, but
can be measured from the spectrum of cis-WCl2F4 BH3 belongs to the C3v point group.
NH3 has C3v symmetry, but BH3 belongs to the D3d point
Chapter 4: Bonding in polyatomic molecules
group. NH3 has C3 symmetry, but BH3 belongs to
1. Appropriate hybridization schemes for the C atoms the C3v point group.
in molecular CH3CO2H are sp3 and sp
3 2 2 14. The bonding in [NO3]– can be considered in terms
sp and sp sp and sp sp3 and sp3
of a set of three resonance structures which describe the
predominant contributions to the bonding. Which
2. sp3 hybridization would not be appropriate for the
statement is incorrect about this set of resonance
central atom in: SiF4 [PCl4]+ XeF4 [Me4N]+
structures? Each resonance structure possesses two
3.In the equation for the normalized localized N=O double bonds. N carries a formal
1
wavefunction: y sp = Ny2s + Ny2p, N =? ½ 1 /√2 √2 positive charge in each resonance structure. The
4. sp hybridization for the C atom in CS2 is all that is set of resonance structures has to account for the
required to allow for : the formation of two C=S bonds equivalence of the N–O bonds. The N atom obeys the
the formation of the s components of two double bonds octet rule in each resonance structure.
the formation of two s bonds and two p bonds 7. Look at Figure 4.19 in Inorganic Chemistry. Which
the formation of a s bond and accommodation of one property does each of the eorbitals not possess?
lone pair Lone pair character. N–H bonding character.
5. In an MO diagram for the formation of H2O in which One nodal plane. No contribution from one H
the z axis bisects the H–O–H angle: the O 2pz atomic 1s orbital
orbital interacts with an in-phase combination of H 8. Look at Figure 4.21 in Inorganic Chemistry. Which
1s atomic orbitals the O 2pz atomic orbital statement is not true? All the bonding MOs involve C
interacts with an out-of-phase combination of H and H character. There are 4 bonding and 4
1s atomic orbitals the O 2pz atomic orbital is non- antibonding MOs. The molecule of diamagnetic.
bonding the O 2s atomic orbital is non-bonding All the bonding MOs are equivalent
6. In monomeric BH3, let an axis definition place the 9. Look at Figures 4.27 and 4.28 in Inorganic
molecule in the xz plane. Which atomic orbital on B is Chemistry. Which statement is not true?
non-bonding? 2s 2px 2py 2pz All six S–F bonds in SF6 are equivalent. A
10. Which statement is true about the bonding in B2H6? reasonable bonding picture for SF 6 can be developed
A localized bonding picture can be developed for using an S basis set of 3s and 3p orbitals. The
B2H6 in which each B atom obeys the octet rule. S–F bond order is 1. SF 6 is diamagnetic
Bonding pictures for B2H6 involve multicentre bridge
 Chemistry, the value of ΔlatticeHo(NaCl,s) (defined for
Chapter 5: Structures and energetics of metallic and the formation of NaCl) is determined to be:
–1
–1485 kJ mol –787 kJ mol–1 +1485 kJ mol–1
ionic solids –1
+787 kJ mol
1. Which statement is incorrect about a cubic close-
packed lattice? All atoms have a coordination number 9. Which of the following statements is incorrect
of 12. Layers of close-packed atoms are stacked in Madelung constants for MX2 lattices are greater than
those for MX lattices. Use of the Born-Landé
an ABCABC... pattern. Layers of close-packed
equation is restricted to lattices for which an
atoms are stacked in an ABABAB... pattern.
electrostatic model is appropriate. Madelung
The packing is more efficient than in a body-centred
constants are structure dependent. A lattice
cubic lattice
energy is an internal energy change, and latticeU(0 K)
2. The coordination numbers of spheres in body-centred = latticeH(298 K).
cubic, simple cubic and cubic close-packed lattices are, –
respectively: 8, 6, 12 6, 8, 12 6, 12, 8 8, 12, 12 10. Ions such as [CN] may be regarded as being
spherical in some lattices. This is because: each ion
3. Look at Table 5.2 in Inorganic Chemistry. Use the is approximately spherical the ions are freely
data to estimate the metallic radius of Ba in metallic rotating the ions are in random orientations
barium at 298 K. The value (in pm) is: the ions are either freely rotating or in random
231 217 215 197 orientations
4. Which statement is true? The electrical conductivity 11. The coordination nos of Ti(IV) and O2– in rutile are,
of a metal increases with temperature. The respectively: 6 and 3 3 and 6 2 and 4 4 and 2
electrical conductivity of a semiconductor increases
with temperature. The resistivity of a semiconductor 12. An example of a compound that crystallizes with a
layer structure is: CdI2 CaF2 ZnS SnO2
increases with temperature Metals and
semiconductors have similar electrical conducting 13. Na2S crystallizes with an antifluorite structure.
properties Which statement is true about this structure?
The coordination number of each S2– centre is 8.
5. The behaviour of metals and semiconductors is
Each Na+ ion is within a cubic arrangement of S2– ions.
usually discussed in terms of band theory. Which
statement is not true? A partially filled band is The+ structure is based on an CaF2 structure, with2+
Na ions in Na2S occupying the same sites as Ca ions
characteristic of a metal. Doping Si with As
in CaF2. The S2– ion is tetrahedrally sited.
enhances its semiconducting properties. Band
gaps vary among different semiconductors but are 14. Which statement is incorrect?
always relatively large. Band gaps for insulators CaO crystallizes with the CsCl structure.
are large Wurtzite and zinc blende are polymorphs of ZnS.
β-Cristobalite is one crystalline form of SiO2.
6. Which statement gives incorrect information about
CaTiO3 (perovskite) is an example of a double oxide
the formation of NaCl(s) from Na(s) and Cl2(g)?
Na is oxidized and Cl reduced. An ionic lattice 15. A unit cell of ReO3 consists of a cubic arrangement
forms. Both the ionization of Na and electron of Re atoms with O atoms centred along each edge of
attachment to Cl are exothermic processes. When the cube. The coordination number of each Re atom is:
NaCl forms from its gaseous ions, energy is released. 6 3 8 2
7. Which statement is true about an XY2 lattice: Chapter 6 Acids bases ions and aqueous solutions
the coordination number of X2n+ is twice that of Yn– 1. In group 1, values of the first ionization energies
the coordination number of X2n+ is half that of Yn– follow the order Li > Na > K Na > K ≈ Rb ≈
the unit cell contains twice as many X2n+ ions as Yn– Cs K > Na > Li Rb > K > Na
the coordination environments of X2n+ and Yn– are the
same. 2. In group 1, values of the metallic radii follow the
order: Li > Na > K Na < K < Rb
8. The standard enthalpy of formation of NaCl is –411 K > Rb > Cs Cs < K < Li
kJ mol–1. Using data from the appendices of Inorganic
3. Which ion liberates the most energy on hydration? 14. The enthalpy change for the dissociation: M2(g) →
Na+ K+ Rb+ Cs+ 2M(g) is: more positive for Li2 than for K2
more positive for Rb2 than for K2 more positive for
4. Which statement is correct? Sodium nitride has
Na2 than for Li2 more positive for Cs2 than for K2
the formula NaN3 K reacts with N2 to give K3N
Lithium nitride forms when Li reacts with N2 Solid 15.Which statement is true? Cs reacts explosively with
lithium nitride is an insulator H2O Li reacts explosively with H2O Rb does
not react with H2O The reaction between K and
5. Peroxide, superoxide and ozonide ions are,
H2O is less vigorous than that of Na and H2O
respectively: [O2]–, [O2]2–, [O3]– [O2]2–, [O2]–,
[O3]– [O2]–, [O2]2–, [O3]2– [O2]2–, [O2]–, [O3]2– 16. Which two chemicals are manufactured on a large
scale in the chloralkali industry? Na and Cl2 NaCl
6. Peroxide and superoxide ions are, respectively: and Cl2 NaOH and Cl2 NaCl and NaOH
diamagnetic and diamagnetic paramagnetic and 17. The Downs process is used: to manufacture NaOH
paramagnetic paramagnetic and diamagnetic to electrolyse molten NaCl as the main manufacturing
diamagnetic and paramagnetic process for Cl2 to manufacture NaCl
7. What happens when Al dissolves in aqueous NaOH?
Soluble NaAl(OH)4 forms Al2O3 precipitates 18. Which one of the following salts is sparingly
Al(OH)3 precipitates [Al(OH2)6]3+ forms which soluble in water, the other salts being readily soluble?
+
then loses H LiCl LiNO3 Li2CO3 LiI
8. When alkali metal ions are complexed with the cyclic 19. Na2O reacts with water to give: NaOH as the only
ether 18-crown-6, the most stable complex is formed product NaOH and H2O2 NaOH and O2
with: Li+ Na+ K+ Rb+ NaOH and H2
9.The equilibrium: 2Na = Na+ + Na– can be shifted to 20. Which is exothermic?
the right-hand side by: carrying out the reaction in K(g) + e- → K-(g) K(g) → K+(g) + e- K(s)
liquid NH3 adding THF (a monodentate cyclic → K(g) K+(aq) → K+(g)
ether) to complex the cation adding 18-crown-6 (a
hexadentate cyclic ether) to complex the cation Chapter 7: Reduction and oxidation
forming a cryptate complex
1. In which of the following is the metal reduced?
10. Sodium amalgam is used as: an oxidizing agent
(These are not balanced equations).
a reducing agent a drying agent a source of Na–
[Fe(CN)6]4– [Fe(CN)6]3– [MnO4]– MnO2
11. Of the options given below, which is the safest way [MnO4] 2– –
[MnO4] [Cr2O7] 2–
[CrO4]2–
to dispose of Na metal? Add small amounts of Na to + 2+
propan-2-ol Add small amounts of Na to ethanol 2.o For the cell: 2Ag (aq) + Zn(s)o 2Ag(s) + Zn (aq)
Add small amounts of Na to propan-1-ol Add E cell = 1.56 V. The value of ΔG is:
small amounts of Na to water 150 kJ per mole of Zn –602 kJ per mole of Ag
–301 kJ per mole of Ag –301 kJ per mole of Zn
12. Na3N adopts an anti-ReO3 structure. Which o
statement is true about the unit cell of Na3N? N3– ions 3. If ΔG10(350 K) = –72 kJ mol–1, the value of K is
12
occupy corner sites Na+ ions occupy corner sites 5.6 x 10 4.2 x 10 5.5 x 1024 1.2 x 1029
N3– ions occupy edge sites Na+ ions occupy face 4. For a thermodynamically spontaneous cell reaction,
sites which statement is correct? Eo (reduction)
o
13. HPMA (hexamethylphosphoramide,) is used in the must be more negative than E (oxidation). Eo
synthesis of lithium-containing compounds under non- (oxidation) must be more negative than Eo (reduction).
aqueous conditions. Which statement about HMPA is E cell should be negative. The difference between Eo
o

incorrect? HMPA is a non-coordinating solvent (reduction) and Eo (oxidation) must be more than 1.0 V
HMPA is polar HMPA dissolves LiBr 5. Use Appendix 11 in Inorganic Chemistry to
HMPA has the potential to form hydrogen bonds determine Eocell for the reaction: Cl2 + 2Br– 2Cl– +
Br2 The value is: –2.45 V –0.27 V 0.27 V 2.45
V
6. Use Appendix 11 in Inorganic Chemistry for this integrals 2:1 15. The spectrum of trans-WCl2F4
question. For a Cu2+(aq) / Cu(s) half-cell (at 298 K) in contains two signals
which [Cu2+] = 0.02 mol dm–3, E is +0.44 V Answers 1. ClF3 2. a C2 axis 3. SO3 4. H2S and OF2
+0.39 V +0.29 V +0.24 V 5 NH3 6 XeF4 . 7. C2v 8 C2v 9 XeF4 10 [PF6]–
7.pH affects the E value for: the reduction of [Cr2O7]2– 11SF5Cl 12. The point group changes from D3h to Td
to Cr3+ the reduction of Cr3+ to Cr2+ the reduction of 13. 4 vibrational modes, 2 of which are degenerate 14.
Cr2+ to Cr the reduction of Cr3+ to Cr 9. 15. Symmetric stretch; asymmetric stretch (doubly
degenerate); one absorption
8. Look at Figure 7.2 in Inorganic Chemistry. In Chapter1 answers?
alkaline solution, the value of Eo (at pH 14) for the Covalent NaCp is formed. is polymeric with
reduction of [MnO4]– to Mn(OH) 2 is: tetrahedral Be. Tetrahedral It is sparingly soluble
+0.63 V +0.55 V +0.34 V +1.69 V in water
9.Look at Figure 7.4 in Inorganic Chemistry. Carbon In Al2Ph4(µ -C≡ CPh)2, the bridge bonds can be
will reduce FeO to Fe at: 1500 K 900 K 700 K 500 K described in a similar way to those in Al2Me4(µ -Ph)2.
Ph > Me polymeric with trigonal bipyramidal Pb.
R3As from AsCl3 and a suitable Grignard reagent; R5As
from oxidative addition of Cl2 to R3As and treatment
11. Look at the representations of the MOs in Figure with RLi. {(Me3Si)2CH}4Sn2; the Sn2C4 unit is non-
4.23 in Inorganic Chemistry. Which statement about
planar. Me2GeCl2 + 2Li Me2Ge + 2LiCl
these MOs is incorrect? The a2'' MO does not possess
In the solid state, Cp2Pb has a polymeric structure
B–F bonding character. The e' MO contains a
[(C5Me5)2Ga]+ is isostructural with [(C5Me5)2Al]+.
nodal plane. The a1' MO has B–F σ-bonding
The product contains the [Ph3C]+ ion.
character. The e' MO is one of a pair of degenerate
Cp2Mg is monomeric.
MOs.
A diamagnetic salt is formed
15.Figure 4.29 in Inorganic Chemistry gives an MO Chapter 3 Symmetry
diagram for the formation of [HF2]–. Which statement 1. Which of the following does not contain a C3 axis?
is incorrect about this bonding picture? The bond order POCl3 [NH4]+ [H3O]+ ClF3
of each H–F bond is 1. There is one MO with
2.Which symmetry elements does cis-N2F2 contain?
net bonding character. The bonding can be
a C2 axis a h plane an inversion centre, I an S2 axis
described as a 3-centre 2-electron interaction.
The σg* MO contains 3 nodal planes. 3. Which if the following species possesses
both C3 and C2 axes? SO3 NH3 PCl3 [H3O]+
Answers chapter 4
3 2
1. sp and sp 2. XeF4 3. /√2
1
4. Which two species belong to the same point group?
4. the formation of the σ components of two double bonds XeF2 and OF2 H2O and CO2 H2S and OF2
5. the O 2pz atomic orbital interacts with an in-phase [NO2]+ and [NO2]–
combination of H 1s atomic orbitals 6. 2py 7. lonepair
character 8. All the bonding MOs are equivalent. 9. The 5. Which of the following belongs to the C3v point
S–F bond order is 1. 10. Bonding pictures for group? SO3 BBr3 NH3 AlCl3
B2H6 involve multicentre bridge bonds. 11. The a2'' MO
does not possess B–F bonding character. 12. a1g, t1u, eg 13. 6. Which molecule does not have Td symmetry?
NH3 has C3v symmetry, but BH3 belongs to the D3h point
group 14. Each resonance structure possesses two
SiF4 P4 CH4 XeF4
localized N=O double bonds 15. The bond order of each 7.Which molecule or ion has D3h symmetry?
H–F bond is 1.
[H3O]+ CHCl3 [CO3]2– NF3
1. n> γ > β > α 2. He2+ 3. 230 4. 2.10 x
10–6 s–1 5. first order kinetics 6. Cf, Bk, 8. SO2 belongs to which point group? C2v C2 D∞h C2h
No 7. U 8 . shifts the wavenumber for the O– 9. Which of the following molecules or ions possesses
H/D stretch to a lower value 9. ½ and a C4 principal axis? XeF4 CF4 SF4 [PF4]+
1 10 doublet 11. doublet of quartets 12. be 10. Which of the following molecules or ions possesses
able to readily distinguish A by running 31P and 31P{1H} an inversion centre (centre of symmetry)?
NMR spectra 13. a doublet superimposed on a [PF6]– SiH4 BF3 PF5
singlet 14. a doublet and a triplet with relative
11. Which of the molecules or ions belongs to the C4v
point group? SF5Cl [BH4]– XeF4 trans-WCl2F4
12. Which statement is true about the change in
symmetry on going from BF3 to [BF4]–? The point
group changes from D3h to Td The point group
changes from C3v to Td The point group
changes from D3h to D4h The point group changes
from D3h to C3v
13. CO2 has: 3 vibrational modes 4 vibrational
modes, 2 of which are degenerate stretching modes
only
an IR active symmetric stretch
14. The number of degrees of vibrational freedom
possessed by CH4 is: 10 6 4 9
15. Which of the following gives the correct description
of the vibrational modes of SO3, and how many
absorptions do these vibrational modes give rise to in
the IR spectrum of SO3? Symmetric stretch;
asymmetric stretch (doubly degenerate); one absorption
Symmetric stretch; asymmetric stretch (doubly
degenerate); two absorptions
Symmetric stretch; asymmetric stretch; two absorptions
Symmetric stretch; asymmetric stretch; one absorption