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    Meningitis

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    dheenesh
    This document discusses meningitis, including its routes of entry into the body, causes, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and management. Key points include that meningitis is an inflammation of the meningeal layers that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites entering through sites like the nasopharynx or bloodstream. Diagnosis involves tests of CSF and imaging studies. Treatment focuses on antibiotics, steroids, analgesics and monitoring for complications.

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    Meningitis

    Uploaded by

    dheenesh
    16 views2 pages
    This document discusses meningitis, including its routes of entry into the body, causes, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and management. Key points include that meningitis is an inflammation of the meningeal layers that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites entering through sites like the nasopharynx or bloodstream. Diagnosis involves tests of CSF and imaging studies. Treatment focuses on antibiotics, steroids, analgesics and monitoring for complications.

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    This document discusses meningitis, including its routes of entry into the body, causes, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and management. Key points include that meningitis is an inflammation of the meningeal layers that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites entering through sites like the nasopharynx or bloodstream. Diagnosis involves tests of CSF and imaging studies. Treatment focuses on antibiotics, steroids, analgesics and monitoring for complications.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    16 views2 pages

    Meningitis

    Uploaded by

    dheenesh
    This document discusses meningitis, including its routes of entry into the body, causes, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and management. Key points include that meningitis is an inflammation of the meningeal layers that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites entering through sites like the nasopharynx or bloodstream. Diagnosis involves tests of CSF and imaging studies. Treatment focuses on antibiotics, steroids, analgesics and monitoring for complications.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Meningitis Routes of entry

    Meningitis- inflammation of meningeal  Nasopharynx, mouth, sinusitis,

    layer mastoiditis, cellulitis, insect bite,

    dental carries → blood stream →


    Encephalitis- inflammation of brain
    meningeal layer

    Myelitis- inflammation of spinal cord  Direct extension from primary

    site
    Neuritis- inflammation of nerve  HI, surgical site

     Dural tear causing CSF leak


    Causes

    Pathophysiology
     Bacteria

     Staphylococcus aurous  Invasion of meningeal layers


     Pneumococci  Phagocytosis
     Meningeococci  Bacterial degeneration
     Neisseria meningitides  Exudate formation
     Viruses  Obstruction of CSF
     HIV  HCP
     HS

     Rabies Signs and symptoms

     Polio
     Recent history of
     Fungi
    URTI,mastoiditis or any
     Cryptococcus
    infection
     Candida
     Fever
     Parasites
     Head ache
     Malaria
     Nausea, vomiting

     Anorexia

     Restlessness

     LOC impairment

     Neck rigidity
     Kerning’s sign  Ceftriaxone

     Brudzinki’s sign  Vancomycin

     GTCS  Anticonvulsants

     Symptoms of Increased ICP  Osmotic diuretics

     Steroids
    Diagnosis
     Analgesics

     CT  Shunt

     CSF analysis
    Nursing Management
     High protein

     Low sugar  Maintain ABC

     C/S  Monitor GCS, pupillary reaction,

     WBC FND

     Blood analysis  Maintain cerebral tissue

     WBC perfusion

     Pain management

     Altered fluid balance due to


    Management
    vomiting

     Antibiotics  Nutritional status

     Ampicillin  Risk for injury

     Self care deficit

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