TERM PAPER

OF
MICROPROCESSOR

:
TOPIC MICROPROCESSOR BASED CONTROL
OF TRAFFIC LIGHTS

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Ms. Gaganpreet Kaur Rishab Mehta

Lect. In ECE Btech-MBA (CSE)
LPU Reg. No-3450070062
Section-D1703
Roll no. -51
CONTENTS this project, the traffic lights are interfaced to
Microprocessor system through buffer and ports of
 INTRODUCTION
 DESCRIPITION programmable peripheral Interface 8255. So the
 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAM traffic lights can be automatically switched
 PROCEDURE ON/OFF in desired sequence. The Interface board
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
has been designed to work with parallel port of
Microprocessor system.
The hardware of the system consists of two
INTRODUCTION parts. The first part is Microprocessor based system
with 8085. Microprocessor as CPU and the
A microprocessor has been incorporated into a
peripheral devices like EPROM, RAM, Keyboard
traffic light simulator. It is being used to teach
& Display Controller 8279, Programmable as
undergraduate industrial engineers about software
Peripheral Interface 8255, 26 pin parallel port
development and basic concepts of interfacing. The
connector, 21 keys Hexa key pad and six number of
simulator combines hardware, software, and
seven segment LED’s.
documentation into a compact portable package
The second part is the traffic light controller
which can be locally constructed. It provides a
interface board, which consist of 36 LED’s in
useful part of the study program required to develop
which 20 LED’s are used for vehicle traffic and
the skills industrial engineers need for industrial
they are connected to 20 port lines of 8255 through
control.
Buffer. Remaining LED’s are used for pedestrian
traffic. The traffic light interface board is
The main aim of this project is to design a
connected to Main board using 26 core flat cables
Traffic light controller using 8085 microprocessor.
to 26-pin Port connector. The LED’s can be
The 8085 Microprocessor is a popular
switched ON/OFF in the specified sequence by the
Microprocessor used in Industries for various
Microprocessor.
26 pin port connector

applications. Such as traffic light control,

26 pin port connector

temperature control, stepper motor control, etc. In

The block diagram of the system is shown in fig.1. The lay out of the traffic light is shown in fig 2.
26 pin
FRC cable

AD0-AD7 A0-A7
8085 Latch 8255 Buffer
D0-D7

CPU PPI

System Bus
Traffic light interface board

8279 Anode driver

EPROM RAM keyboard
Display Display
Controller

Decoder
Keyboard
Cathode driver
 Fig 1: Block diagram of Traffic Light Controller

Stop PW

Stop PE
Go PE
Go PW
Stop PN NORTH Stop PN
Go PN Go PN

Warning W
Stop N

FL W
Warning N

Warning E
Stop W

Go N
FR N

Stop E
ST N FL N

FR E
ST W

ST E
WEST

EAST
Go W
FR W

FL E

ST S FR S
FL S
Stop PW

Go S
Warning S
Stop PE
Go PE
Go PW

Stop S
Stop PS Stop PS
Go PS Go PS
SOUTH
FIG.2: LAYOUT OF TRAFFIC LIGHTS

a primary object of the invention to provide a lightcontroller, an electronic display board, a video
traffic light control and information transmission camera, a compression circuitry, an I/O interface, a
device that applies the existing broadband network traffic flow detector and connected to the central
to transmit data between the central traffic control traffic control computer through the DSL (Digital
computer and themicroprocessors of the cross roads Subscriber Loop). The control signals, traffic,public
to avoid the installation of the cables and save the information or news of the central traffic control
construction cost. computer can go through the DSL to the
microprocessor; the microprocessor can control the
In order to achieve the objective set forth, a traffic traffic light and display all the information on the
light control and information transmission device in electronic display board. The traffic flow data ofthe
accordance with the present invention comprises a cross roads can be accessed by the traffic flow
microprocessor on the cross road, the detector and the video camera and transmitted back
microprocessor further connects to a traffic to the central traffic control computer.
 central traffic control computer 91 together; the
FIG 1 is a circuit block diagram of the present central traffic control computer 91 sends and
invention; receives the data and controls signals to the
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the present invention. microprocessor through the broadband network 9.
The video camera 4 can be a picture camera; the
DSL 8 can be a cable modem, ADSL, VDSL, or
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED
XDSL as needed.
EMBODIMENT
Based on above structure and referring to the flow
chart shown in FIG. 2, the traffic flow detector 7 on
Referring to FIG. 1, the components of the present
the cross roads gather the traffic flow information
invention are described below:
and pass the data to the microprocessor 1 through
The microprocessor 1 is inside the traffic control
the I/O interface 6; the video camera 4(or picture
box of the traffic light and to control all the
camera) inputs the traffic flow images to the
circuitries.
compression circuitry 5, those data are converted
The traffic light controller 2 is connected to and
into digital signals by the compression circuitry 5
controlled by the microprocessor 1 to send out the
and input to the microprocessor 1. The DSL 8
stop, go and direction signals.
transmits the data by the traffic flow detector7 and
The electronic display board 3 is connected to and
the video camera 4 (or picture camera) through the
controlled by the microprocessor 1 to display
broadband network 9 to the central traffic control
characters, patterns and graphic images.
computer 91, the central traffic control computer 91
The video camera 4 is connected to and controlled
calculates the best control timing for the traffic light
by the microprocessor 1 to monitor the traffic flow.
controller 2 and transmits the bestcontrol timing
The compression circuitry 5 connects to the
through the broadband network 9, the DSL 8 (or
microprocessor 1 and the video camera 4, the
cable modem) receives the best control timing and
compression circuitry 5 compresses the image data
then transmits those to the microprocessor 1, the
captured by the video camera 4 and sends the
microprocessor 1 can response accordingly to the
compressed data to the microprocessor 1.
traffic light controller 2.
The I/O interface 6 connects to the microprocessor
Based on above description, the communication
1 and receives, transmits data and control signals.
between the microprocessor 1 on the cross roads
The traffic flow detector 7 connects to the I/O
and the central traffic control computer 91 on the
interface 6 and gathers the traffic flow information;
central office is through the existing broadband
the traffic flow information is input to the
network 9, therefore this scheme can avoid
microprocessor 1.
theinconvenience and tedious of the installation of
The DSL (Digital Subscriber Loop) 8 connects to
the cables; the installation, road work cost can be
the I/O interface 6 and receives, transmits data and
minimized.
control signals.
The broadband network 9 links the DSL 8 and the
The traffic, public information or news can also go
from the central traffic control computer 91 and Traffic light controller interface module is designed
through the broadband network 9, the to simulate the function of four way traffic light
microprocessor 1 on the cross roads can receive controller. Combinations of red, amber and green
those information and display those messages on LED’s are provided to indicate Halt, Wait and Go
theelectronic display board 3, all the drivers can be signals for vehicles. Combination of red and green
informed. LED’s are provided for pedestrian crossing. 36
While a preferred embodiment of the invention has LED’s are arranged in the form of an intersection.
been shown and described in detail, it will be A typical junction is represented on the PCB with
readily understood and appreciated that numerous comprehensive legend printing.
omissions, changes and additions may be made At the left corner of each road, a group of five
without departing from the spirit and scope of LED’s (red, amber and 3 green) are arranged in the
theinvention. form of a T-section to control the traffic of that
road. Each road is named North (N), South(S), East
Vinytics Peripherals offers Microprocessor based (E) and West (W). LED’s L1, L10, L19 & L28
Traffic Light Controller Interface Module Card. (Red) are for the stop signal for the vehicles on the
Vinytics Peripherals develops microprocessor and road N, S, W, & E respectively. L2, L11, L20 &
PC based products for engineering colleges, science L29 (Amber) indicates wait state for vehicles on the
colleges, polytechnics, test & measurement, process road N, S, W, & E respectively. L3, L4 & L5
control, industrial automation, medical, (Green) are for left, strait and right turn for the
instrumentation, intelligent graphic systems, vehicles on road S. similarly L12-L13-L14, L23-
research laboratories, supervisory control and data L22-L21 & L32-L31-L30 simulates same function
acquisition, telecommunication and production for the roads E, N, W respectively.
facilities. The Interfacing Modules can be
connected to the lines of 8/16 bit Microprocessor or A total of 16 LED’s (2 Red & 2 Green at each road)
Microcontroller Training kit to perform the are provided for pedestrian crossing. L7-L9.L16-
experiments in the laboratory that helps in learning L18, L25-L27 & L34-L36 (Green) when on allows
about real time interfacing problems of the pedestrians to cross and L6-L8, L15-L17, L24-L26
microprocessors or microcontroller The & L33-L35 (Red) when on alarms the pedestrians to
Microprocessor based Traffic Light Controller wait.
Interface Module Card, VMC-TLC has RED, To minimize the hardware pedestrian’s indicator
YELLOW and GREEN LED`s to demonstrate the LED’s (both red and green are connected to same
use of Microprocessor in controlling the traffic port lines (PC4 to PC7) with red inverted. Red
movement under the control of program. It is a LED’s L10 & L28 are connected to port lines PC2
good example of use of Microprocessor in common & PC3 while L1 & L19 are connected to lines PC0
applications. & PC1 after inversion. All other LED’s (amber and
green) are connected to port A
& B.

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMS:-

MODEL SMALL CALL DELAY

.STACK 100
.DATA MOV AL,FCH
CWR EQU 0FFC6 H MOV DX,PORTC
PORTA EQU 0FFC0 H OUT DX,AL
PORTB EQU 0FFC2 H MOV AL,7DH
PORTC EQU 0FFC4 H MOV DX,PORTA
.CODE OUT DX,AL
START: MOV AL,57H
MOV AX,@DATA MOV DX,PORTB
MOV DS,AX OUT DX,AL
MOV AL,80H MOV CL,15H
MOV DX,CWR CALL DELAY
OUT DX,AL
MOV AL,F3H MOV AL,E7H
MOV DX,PORTC MOV DX,PORTB
OUT DX,AL OUT DX,AL
MOV AL,FFH MOV AL,FDH
MOV DX,PORTA MOV DX,PORTA
OUT DX,AL OUT DX,AL
MOV AL,FFH MOV AL,EDH
MOV DX,PORTB MOV DX,PORTA
OUT DX,AL OUT DX,AL
MOV CL,03H MOV CL,02H
CALL DELAY CALL DELAY
TOP:
MOV AL,EEH MOV AL,F7H
MOV DX,PORTA MOV DX,PORTB
OUT DX,AL OUT DX,AL
MOV AL,EEH MOV AL,F0H
MOV DX,PORTB MOV DX,PORTC
OUT DX,AL OUT DX,AL
MOV CL,02H MOV AL,F1H
MOV DX,PORTA MOV AL,EEH
OUT DX,AL MOV DX,PORTA
MOV CL,15H OUT DX,AL
CALL DELAY MOV AL,EEH
MOV DX,PORTB
MOV AL,FBH OUT DX,AL
MOV DX,PORTA MOV CL,02H
OUT DX,AL CALL DELAY
MOV AL,FBH
MOV DX,PORTB MOV AL,BFH
OUT DX,AL MOV DX,PORTA
MOV AL,50H OUT DX,AL
MOV DX,PORTC MOV AL,BFH
OUT DX,AL MOV DX,PORTB
MOV CL,15H OUT DX,AL
CALL DELAY MOV CL,15H
CALL DELAY
MOV AL,FEH JMP TOP
MOV DX,PORTA
OUT DX,AL DELAY:
MOV AL,FEH MOV BX,10H
MOV DX,PORTB D1:
OUT DX,AL MOV CX,0FFFFH
MOV CL,03H D2:
CALL DELAY LOOP D2
DEC BX
MOV AL,FFH JNZ D1
MOV DX,PORTA INT 03H
OUT DX,AL END START
MOV AL,AFH
MOV DX,PORTC
OUT DX,AL
PROCEDURE:- kit & Traffic light controller interfacing kit.
1. Connect power supply 5V & GND to both 3. Enter the program to control Traffic light.
microprocessor trainer kit & Traffic light controller 4. Execute the program by typing GO E000:0B80
interfacing kit. ENTER.
2. Connect data bus between microprocessor trainer 5. Observe the LED’s on traffic light controller
PCB.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
www.google.com
www.wikipedia.org
www.ask.com
www.bing.com
www.microprocessor.com