DW) ZJFBL Bnnfo (Sf"U - ) SF) XF/F DW) ZJFBL Bnnfo (Sf"U - ) SF) XF/F DW) ZJFBL Bnnfo (Sf"U - ) SF) XF/F DW) ZJFBL Bnnfo (Sf"U - ) SF) XF/F DW) ZJFBL Bnnfo (Sf"U - ) SF) XF/F
DW) ZJFBL Bnnfo (Sf"U - ) SF) XF/F DW) ZJFBL Bnnfo (Sf"U - ) SF) XF/F DW) ZJFBL Bnnfo (Sf"U - ) SF) XF/F DW) ZJFBL Bnnfo (Sf"U - ) SF) XF/F DW) ZJFBL Bnnfo (Sf"U - ) SF) XF/F
DW) ZJFBL Bnnfo (Sf"U - ) SF) XF/F DW) ZJFBL Bnnfo (Sf"U - ) SF) XF/F DW) ZJFBL Bnnfo (Sf"U - ) SF) XF/F DW) ZJFBL Bnnfo (Sf"U - ) SF) XF/F DW) ZJFBL Bnnfo (Sf"U - ) SF) XF/F
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h:tf] aGg vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ . kl5Nnf] ;dodf pgsf] dxTjsf+Iff xfl;n u/]sf] lzIff dDdL cyf{t\ cfdf, cg'/f]w >]i7 ;r]t x'gk' ¥of] lg Û csf]t{ km{ lzIffsf] sdL
dnfO{{ l;sfOPsf] klxnf] zAb Tof] klg latfOP5 t . Toltsf ;do ;DemFbf x'g\ ls . pGgt afnL kmNg] pa{/ e"lddf b]lvPsf] rflxF km]l/ wd{df xf] . xfdL sf]
lgs} a9]sf] b]lvG5 . 1fg]Gb|sf] dxTjsf+Iffn] h;/L l;Ëf] c+uh]| L efiffdf . t/ hLjgdf g} klxnf] klg Oltxf;em}F nfUg] . xf]Og b]zn] 7"nf–7"nf 3/ agfP/ xfdL ljsf; ePsf] xf}F / s] xf}F < lxGb', d';ndfg, a'l4:6,
/fh;+:yfg} Oltxf; aGof] To;}u/L /fi6«kltsf] dxTjsf+Iffn] k6s klxnf] zAb Tof] klg c+uh ]| Ldf, gful/sx¿nfO{{ lsg lzlIft agfpg b]Vg] zfob r]tgfsf] g} cefjn] xf] lg lqmlZrog . wd{kl/jt{g ug{' s;}sf]
d'ns' nfO{{ s'g cj:yf k'¥ofpg] Tof] clxn] g} eGg ;Sg] cj:yfdf eg]kl5 t g]kfnLeGbf c+uh ]| L klxn] vf]H5, cjZo b]z ljsf;sf nflu g xf]Og / < lzIffsf] g} csf]{ kf6f]nfO{{ x]g{] afWotf xf]nf, Tof]rflxF km/s s'/f xf] .
l;s]5' t < d dfq xf]Og w]/,} y'kn }| ] xf] . To;f] eP c+uh ]| L hfg]/ ljsf; xf] eg] b]zsf] lbglbg}sf] ljs/fn t/ wd{uG| yrflxF xfdLn] slQsf] cWoog
5}g . oBlk of] ljifodf bnx¿ a]nd} f lhDd]jf/ aGg ;s]gg\ eg] l;s]sf] klxnf] zAb ToxL x'gk' 5{ . t/ x'G5 t < c+uh ]| L k9]sf] a]nf, csf]{ s'/f l:yltnfO{{ x]g{ ;lsG5 . d t eG5' b]zsf] u/]sf 5f}F t, oxfF xfdL w]/n} ] /fdfo0f,
d'ns ' df 7"nf] /fhgLlts b'ul{ t gxf]nf eGg ;lsFbg} . c+uh]| Ldf g} lsg t < zfob c+uh ]| L klg kl9GYof] …g]kfn s[lifk|wfg b]z xf]Ú, of] l:ylt lzIffsf] g} sdLn] ubf{ ePsf] dxfef/t k9\ge' Gbf x]//] g} hfg]sf 5f},F
k9\g,' c+uh ]| L n]Vg' / c+uh ]| L a'‰g'sf] Tof]rflxF slxn] c+uh ]| L t slxn] g]kfnL xf] . sf]xL sf+u; ]| eGb} pk|m] sf 5g\, sf]xL Tof] klg km]l/ lxGbL efiffdf / g]kfnsf]
;"rgfsf] ‘g];gn kf]6’{ agfpg] tof/L
sf7df8f}F . ;/sf/sf ;Dk"0f{ ;~rfng ul/g] atfOPsf] 5 . ;f]
cy{ lzlIft x'gs ' f] ;+st] lyof] Sof/] .
To;}n] t g]kfnL j0f{dfnf;Fu;Fu} c+uh ]| L
efiff b'jd} f kl9GYof] . t/ s[lifrflxF slxn]
klg kl9Pg . ca s'/f] cfpF5 !% jif{
sDo'lg:6 eGb} s/fPsf 5g\ . s/fpg]
/ pk|mg]x¿n] sf+u; ]| / sDo'lg:6 s] xf]
To; ;dosf] Ps dfq /fli6« o
6]lnlehgdf . xf]Og wd{ eg]sf] t
efiff klg ckl/xfo{ x'bF } uof] xfdLnfO{{ . c+uh ]| L k9]/ b]zsf clwsf+z ljBfyL{ a'em]sf t 5g\ < dnfO{{ nfU5, clwsf+zn] /fli6«otfdf ;d]t cfFr cfpg ;Sg]
;"rgfdfly ;j{;fwf/0fsf] ;xh kx'r F kl/of]hgf tLg jif{ cjlwsf nflu
g]kfnL hlt jif{ kl9of] c+uh ]| L klg Tolt >d ahf/df lgl:sG5g\, h;df yf]/n } ] a'em]sf g} 5}gg\ . clg xNnf g} xNnfsf] ;+jb] gzLn s'/f xf] lg . wd{dt] ljb]zL
k'¥ofpg] p2]Zon] …g];gn kf]6Ú{ agfpg] ;~rfng eO/x] klg clxn];Dd vf;}
g} jif{ kl9of] . slxn]sfxLF nfU5, c+uh ]| L dfq s[lif k9]sf / l;s]sf xf]nfg\ . of] e/df r'gfjdf ef]6 xfn]sf] 5 . sf+u; ]| efiffdf l;Sg' s] r]tgf tyf lzIffsf]
tof/L yflnPsf] 5 . …O{–ue{g]G;Ú ult lng ;s]sf] 5}g . cfof]un] O{–
lsg kl9of] / sIff ! b]lv !) ;Dd kl/k|I] odf …g]kfn s[lifk|wfg b]z xf]Ú eGg' / sDo'lg:6 t /fhg}lts ljrf/wf/f cefjsf sf/0f xf]Og / . c+uh ] | L l;Sgsf
kl/of]hgfcGtu{t ;/sf/n] ;f] of]hgf ue{gG] ;;DaGwL u'?of]hgf agfO;s]sf]
clg :gfts;Dd g} c+uh ]| L k9\grflxF sltsf] hfoh xf]nf . olb g]kfn xf], ljsf; s;/L ug{k5{ b'j} ljrf/wf/fn] nflu vr{sf] :s'n] hLjgdf g} wd{nfO{
cufl8 a9fPsf] xf] . …;/sf/sf ;Dk"0f{ hfgsf/L lbFb} k|wfgdGqL sfof{nosf]
lsg 5fl8Pg\ . clxn] cfP/ nfU5 s[lifk|wfg b]z xf] eg] s[lifn] g} b]zsf] ;+;f/;dIf k|dfl0ft u/]/ b]vfO;s]sf] klg clgjfo{ ljifosf ¿kdf g]kfnL
sfd–sf/afxLnfO{{ Psåf/ k|0ffnLaf6 dftxtdf kl/of]hgf sfof{Gjog x'g]
c+uh]| L d"ntM # sf/0fsf nflu kl9of] . cy{tGq psf:5, !% jif{ nufP/ k9]sf] 5, of] s'/f rflxF Psrf]l6 klZrd clg efiffdf :s'ndf cWofkg u/fpg' kYof]{ ]
;~rfng ug{ …g];gn kf]6Ú{ agfpg nfu]sf atfOPsf] 5 . ;"rgf k|ljlw;DaGwL lghL
-!_ klZrdL 1fg a6'Ng, -@_ klZrdL c+uh]| L efiffn] cy{tGqdf s[lifn] hltsf] csf]r { f]l6 k"j{ x]bf{ b]lvxflnG5 . s'/f cfpF5 ls, gq t efg'eStn] g]kfnLdf /fdfo0f
x, o;f] eP ;/sf/sf ;a} j]a;fO6 Joj;foLn] kl/of]hgfk|lt ;/sf/n] rf;f]
gful/s;Fu af]Ng, -#_ klZrdlt/ of]ubfg b]nf t < st} !% jif{ c+uh ]| L g]kfnsf] ef}uf]lns agfj6, /Lltl/jfh, pNyf u/]sf] s] sfd nfUof] / . To;}n]
rxfg'{ kg]{ emGem6 x'bF g} . Pl;ofnL ljsf; glbPs} sf/0f pknAw /sd;d]t vr{
efl;g ca s'/f cfpF5 c+uh ]| L k9fOnfO{{ k9\gs ' f] ;§f To;sf] cfwf ;do s[lif wd{ clg ;+:s[ltn] s'grflxF ljrf/wf/fnfO{{ xfdLdf ljsf;sf nflu rflxg] r]tgfd"ns
a}s+ sf] c9fO{ s/f]8 cd]l/sL 8n/ ug{ g;s]sf] u'gf;f] ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .
lzIff eGg] ls geGg] / lzIff eGg] xf] k9\g / l;Sgdf kf] ;do latfpg'kg]{ ;xL ;lDemG5, Tof]rflxF s'/f]sf] r'/f] xf] lzIffsf] xfdLdf sdL 5 . lzIff u|x0f
a/fa/sf] ;xof]uaf6 of] kl/of]hgf cl3 …;/sf/ ljleGg cËaf6 ;+oS' t ¿kdf
eg] c+uh ]| L hfg]/ xfdL lzlIft ePs} xf] lyof] ls . clg lzIff k|0ffnLdf klg h'g lzlIftju{n] a'‰g'k5{ . s[lifnfO{{ em}F u/]/ dfq lzlIft t cjZo algFbg} ,
a9fOPsf] xf] . /fHosf ;a}If]qdf ljB'tLo sfd cufl8 a9fpg'kg{] ePsfn] sfddf
t < sIff ! b]lv !) ;Dd clg s[lifnfO{{ c+uh ]| L efiffem}F P;Pn;Lsf] /fhgLlts ljrf/wf/f, k'FhLjfb / lzIffdf /x]sf] 1fg / ljBfn] r]tgfsf]
;'zf;g sfod ug]{ p2]Zo;lxt ;/sf/n] s]xL l9nfO ePsf] / u'?of]hgf th{d' fafx]s
:gfts;Dd c+uh ]| Lsf] k9fO cln a9L clgjfo{ ljifo agfpg'kg]{ kf] xf] ls . ;dfhjfb ljifonfO{{ klg t :s'n:t/df ljsf; x'g] xf] . lzIff u|x0f ug{ cufj}
9]8 jif{cl3 …O{–ue{gG] ;Ú kl/of]hgf ;'? OG6/k|fOh cfls{6S] 6;DaGwL sfo{sf]
g} ePg / < c+uh ]| L t s]jn Pp6f Tof] lzIffn] kf] ljsf;df s]xL 6]jf g} l;sfpg'k5{ lg xf]Og / < :s'n ;sfP/ r]tgfsf] kl/0ffd x]g{] h?/L 5 clg
u/]sf] lyof] . h;cGtu{t l8lh6n k|ltj]bg tof/ kfl/;lsPsf] atfOPsf]
efiff g xf] . efiff l;Sgsf nflu sIff ! k'¥ofpnf ls . cAan bf]od hUufdf sn]h hfg] ;do;Dddf t ljBfyL{x¿ ljsf; ToxL r]tgfdf lge{/ u5{ . To;}n]
x:tfIf/, ;"rgf k|ljlw xfOj], u|fdL0f 5 . kl/of]hgf ;kmn agfpg] bfloTj ;a}
b]lv !) ;Dd !) jif{ clg !! b]lv zfob s[lifsf] r]tgf / lzIffsf] cefjsf] ef]6 xfNg] pd]/sf aflnu eO;S5g\ . /fi6«n] r]tgzLn lzlIft ju{sf] kf]
6]ln;]G6/, /fli6«o kl/rokq, OG6/k|fOh ;/sf/L lgsfosf] ePsfn] PsLs[t
:gfts;Dd % jif{ hDdfhDdL !% jif{ sf/0f kf] 7"N7"nf dxn / ckf6{G] 6 ag]sf To;}n] /fhg}lts ljrf/wf/f / To;sf] ptkfbg ug{k' g]{ xf] ls Û
cfls{6]Sr/nufotsf sfo{qmdx¿ sfo{qmddfkm{t\ kxn cufl8 a9fOPsf] 5 .
3 /fatOfc t]u )@ tr} nf; &^)@
;/sf/n] /fi6« / hgtfsf] lxtnfO{ s]Gb|df
/fv]/ sfdx¿ cufl8 a9fO /x]sf] 5
s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/df ePsf] uf]lnsf08b]lv g]kfnL /fhgLltdf 36]sf 36gf
/ kl5Nnf] ;do t/fO{ If]qdf 36]sf ljleGg xTof lx+;fx¿ ;a} b]zL
ljb]zL zlQm s]Gb|x¿ / ltgsf bnfnx¿ clxn] jt{dfg ;/sf/sf] lj?4
of] xs{tx¿ ul//x]sf 5g\ .
s0ff{nL If]qnfO{ ko{6gsf] s]Gb|ljGb' agfpg ko{6g dGqfno cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 .
;/sf/sf tk{maf6 ePsf sdhf]/LnfO{ ;/sf/n] ;Rofpg' k5{ /
Sofl;gf] ;~rfnsx?af6 ePsf sldsdhf]/LnfO{ klg
;RofP/ cufl8 a9\g] lgZsif{ g} clxn]sf] ;xL lgZsif{ xf] .
;ftfsf] s'/fsfgL v8\uaxfb'/ ljZjsdf{, dGqL, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfno
) k| w fgdGqL lgjf{ l rt ePsf] clxn] of] ;/sf/sf] sfo{z}nL b]v]/ sfo{qmd Nofpg] tof/L eO/x]sf] 5 . cj:yf aG5 eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 . / Sofl;gf] ;~rfnsx¿af6 ePsf ug]{ Ps lhDd]jf/ jl/i7 g]tf
b'O{ dlxgf k'Ug nflu ;Sbf eoÍ/ ¿kdf cQflnPsf 5g\ . ;/sf/sf] oxL sfo{ o f] h gfaf6 ) ;/sf/n] ;g\ @)!! nfO{ sldsdhf]/LnfO{ klg ;RofP/ cufl8 klg x' g ' x ' G 5, clxn] ko{ 6 g
;d] t ;/sf/n] clxn] ; Dd pgLx¿ cft+lst ePsf 5g\ . lt cft+lst eP/ ljleGg av]8f yfKg ko{ 6 g jif{ s f] ¿kdf 3f] i f0ff a9\g] lgZsif{ g} clxn]sf] ;xL lgZsif{ dGqL klg aGg' ePsf] 5,
k" 0 f{ t f kfpg ;s] s f] 5} g , tTjx¿ ;/sf/sf] of]hgf nfu" x'g k|ltlqmofjfbL tTjx¿ ;lqmo ePsf] u/] s f] 5, To;nfO{ ;kmn xf] . oxL cfwf/df cl3 a9\gsf nflu To; If] q sf] ljsf;sf] nflu
slxn] ; Dd k" 0 f{ t f kfpF 5 < glbg] u/L of] ;/sf/sf] lvnfkdf ;a}nfO{ cjut g} 5 . ;/sf/n] /fi6« kfg{ dGqfnon] s:tf] sbd d ;a}nfO{ clkn klg ub{5' . s] s:tf of] h gf agfpF b }
k|wfgdGqL lgjf{lrt ePsf] ldltn] nfu]sf 5g\ . s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/df ePsf] / hgtfsf] lxtnfO{ s]Gb|df /fv]/ rfln/x] s f] 5 < ) g] k fnsf] Psdfq /fli6« o x' g ' x ' G 5 <
;/sf/ u7g ePsf] b'Od { lxgf k'Ug uf]lnsf08b]lv g]kfnL /fhgLltdf cfˆgf sfdx¿ cufl8 a9fO/x]sf] ko{6g ljsf;sf] nflu ko{6g jif{ Wjhfafxs g] k fn jfo' ;] j f xfd|f] b]z ko{6g If]qsf] ljsf;sf]
nfu] klg dlGqd08n lj:tf/ ePsf] 36]sf 36gf / kl5Nnf] ;do t/fO{ 5 . ;/sf/sf] sfddf efFhf] xfNg dgfpg] eg]/ ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg lgud nueu hxfh ljlxgsf] nflu k|r/' ;Defjgf ePsf] b]z xf] .
;do w]/} ePsf] 5}g . ;/sf/n] l56} If]qdf 36]sf ljleGg xTof lx+;fx¿ ljleGg tTjx¿ ljleGg if8oGqdf kl5 xfd|f] kf6L{sf] g]tT[ jdf ag]sf] cj :y f df / x ] sf
s f] 5 , o ; t/ tL ;Defjgfx¿ plrt of]hgfsf]
k"0f{tf kfpF5 . To;sf] nflu ;/sf/df ;a} b]zL ljb]zL zlQm s]Gb|x¿ / nfu]sf 5g\ . To:tf if8oGqx¿nfO{ ;/sf/n] cl3 ;f/]sf] of]hgf xf] . ljifodf s] ;f]Rg' ePsf] 5 < cefjdf h:tfsf] t:t} cj:yfdf /x]sf
;xefuL bnsf pRr g]tT[ j d]xgtsf ltgsf bnfnx¿ clxn] jt{dfg lrg{ g]kfnL hgtf Psh'6 x'g h?/L clxn] ko{6g jif{ ;g\ @)!! nfO{ g]kfnsf] jfo' ;]jf lgudnfO{ 5g\ . To;nfO{ s]Gb|Lo of]hgfdf NofP/
;fy nflu /xg' ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/sf] lj?4 of] xs{ t x¿ 5 . d To;sf] nflu g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ;kmn agfpg of] Jofks k|rf/k|;f/ /fli6«o Wjhfjfxs ljdfg klg elgG5, ;/sf/ dGqfnosf] Wofg ToxfF s]lGb|t
) of] ;/sf/sf] d' V o bfloTj ul//x]sf 5g\ . o:tf xs{tx¿nfO{ clkn ug{ rfxG5' . aflx/L ¿kdf ePsf] 5 . t/ leq o;sf] Tof] uf}/jk"0f{ Oltxf; klg 5 . x'g'kg]{ 5 . s0ff{nL If]qdf cyfx
s] /xG5 < /f]Sg cfd g]kfnL hgtf Psh'6 x'g ) b] z ljsf;sf] nflu d] ? b08 x]bf{ xfdL cln d]xgt ug'k{ g]{ s] b]V5' Wjhfjfxs eGbf g]kfnL hgtfn] k|fs[lts ;Dkbfx¿sf] e08f/ /x]sf]
of] ;/sf/ cfk}mF df g]kfnL hgtf h?/L 5 . g]kfnL hgtf ;r]t aGg dflgg ] ko{ 6 g If] q sf] eg] xfd|f] nIo k'/f ug{sf] nflu 7f]; uj{sf] cg'e"lt u5{ . lgud leq x'g] 5 . ko{6g If]qsf] ljsf;sf] nflu
/ g]kfnL /fi6«sf] nflu gofF lhDd]jf/L h?/L 5 . ;/sf/df ;xefuL ljsf;sf] nflu tkfO{ + n ] of]hgf / uDeL/ kxn sbdLsf] yk ljleGg sf08x¿ wldhf b]lv clxn] s0ff{nL If]qdf /x]sf] ;'Gb/ tfnsf]
/ bfloTj ;lxt cfPsf] ;/sf/ xf] . u7aGwg bnx¿ aLr pRr:t/df dGqfnosf] tk{ m af6 s:tf] cfjZostf 5 . clxn] ePsf sfdn] s+;fsf/;Dd cfpFbf g]kfnL hgtf k|rf/k|;f/ tyf ljsf; x'g h?/L 5 .
of] ;/sf/sf] cufl8 d'Vo b'O{ sfo{ef/ 5nkmn / ;xdlt u/]/ cufl8 a9\g of] h gf NofpF b } x' g ' x ' G 5 < dfq ko{6g jif{nfO{ ;f]r]cg'¿k lgudsf] sfo{Joj:yf / z}nL k|lt To;sf] nflu s0ff{nL If]qnfO{ ko{6gsf]
/x]sf] 5 . Pp6f g]kfnL hgtfsf] h?/L 5 . d}n] ko{6g tyf gful/s p•og ;DkGg kfg{ ;lsFb}g . gofF 9+un] a9L lrlGtt x'G5g\ . g]kfn jfo' ;]jf s]Gb|ljGb' agfpg ko{6g dGqfno
efjgf / rfxgf cg';f/sf] ;+ljwfg ) tkfO+ { x ¿ ;/sf/df ;xefuL dGqfnosf] lhDd]jf/L ;Dxfn]kl5 xfd|f] uDeL/ eP/ cufl8 a9\g'k5{ . 7f]; lgudsf] jt{dfg cj:yfaf6 lrlGtt cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . ToxfFsf] ljsf;sf]
lgdf{0f ug]{ / csf]{ kl/jt{g ;lxtsf] eP;Fu} hgtfdf s:tf] ;Gb]z d' n ' s df ko{ 6 g dGqfnosf] of]hgf lagf s'g} klg of]hgf ;kmn ;a} g]kfnL hgtf / ljleGg If]qsf nflu xfdL j[xt of]hgf lgdf{0f u/]/
zflGtnfO{ lgZs{df k'¥ofpg] d'Vo uPsf] kfpg' e Psf] 5 < cfjZostf, o;n] lgjf{x ug'{kg]{ gx' g ] x' F b f 7f] ; of] h gf agfP/ k|ltlglwx¿ h;n] lrGtf ug'{ ePsf] cufl8 a9\g] of]hgf agfO/x]sf 5f}F .
lhDd]jf/L of] ;/sf/sf] cufl8 5 . xfd|f] kf6L{ ;/sf/df ;xefuL e" l dsf / To;sf] nflu xfd| f ] tbf?stfsf ;fy cufl8 a9\g ;Sg] 5, pxfFx¿sf] lrGtfnfO{ b[9tfsf ;fy ) cGTodf yk s]xL eGg rfxg'
h'g zflGtn] g]kfnL hgtfsf] kIfdf eP;Fu} g]kfnL hgtfdf ;sf/fTds dGqfnosf] ;du{ wf/0ff, /fli6«o of]hgf xf] eg] ko{6g jif{n] ;fy{stf kfpg]df ;Daf]wg ug]{ of]hgf tyf sfo{qmddf x'G5 <
ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] sfd ;d]t ug'k{ 5{ . ;Gb]z uPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] hgtfsf] / To;;DaGwL kxnsbdL lng h?/L s'g} z+sf /xFb}g . / ;du| g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudsf] clxn] d'n'ssf] /fhgLlt cToGt}
oL bfloTjx¿ eg]sf] g]kfnL hgtfsf] lxtdf s]xL sfd ug{ vf]h]sf] 5 . x'G5 . of] dfly pNn]lvt ljifonfO{ ) Sofl;gf] s f] ljifodf Jofks ljsf;sf] ;Gb]z cufl8 a9\g] ;f]rfO ;+qmd0fsf] cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 .
lxtnfO{ ;jf]{kl/ /fVg] bfloTj xf] . ;/sf/n] pmhf{ ;+s6sfn 3f]if0ff u/]/ lnP/ d}n] of] Ps dlxgfsf] lardf ljjfb l;h{ g f ePsf] 5, d}n] agfPsf] 5' . oxL g} clxn]sf] ;/sf/sf] lhDd]jf/L klg gofF 5 .
h'g bfloTj lnP/ of] ;/sf/ ag]sf] To;nfO{ xn ug{ Pp6f lj:t[t of]hgf cWoog ug]{ ljZn]if0f ug]{ tk{m clg Sofl;gf ] ;~rfnsx¿n ] cfjZostf xf] eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf xfd|f] ;/sf/ / ljz]if
5 To;n] hgtfdf pT;fx k} b f ;lxt cfˆgf] wf/0ff ;d]t ;fj{hlgs a9L s]lGb|t eP . clxn] dnfO{ s] /fHonfO{ /fhZj glt/]sf] s'/f o;sf] nflu xfdL of]hgfa4 9+un] u/]/ xfd|f] dGqfnosf] klxnf] wf/0ff
u/fPsf] 5 . zflGt / ;+ljwfgsf] dfnf ul/;s]sf] 5 . gofF ;/sf/ ag];Fu} cg'e"lt eO/x]sf] 5 eg] k|s[lts klg aflx/ cfO/x] s f] 5, cufl8 a9\b5f}F . lgudnfO{ u'0ffTds cfd g]kfnL hgtfdf o; dxTjk"0f{
hk]/ d'ns ' nfO{ k'/fg} /fHo Joj:yfdf hgtfdf kl/jt{gsf] dx;'; u/fpg ¿kdf xfd|f] b]z ;'Gb/ 5 t/ dfgjLo o;nfO{ s;/L ;dfwfg ug] { ¿kn] o;nfO{ gofF 7fpFdf k'¥ofpg] klqsfdfk{mt\ lbg] jftfj/0f h'g
sfod /fv] / d' ¶ Le/ dfG5] s f gofF gLlt tyf sfo{qmd Nofpg'k5{ cfjZostfaf6 xfd|f] ;dfhsf] lxtdf ;f]Rg' ePsf] 5 < clxn]sf] cfjZostf xf] To;nfO{ k'/f cj;/ lbg' eof] To;sf] nflu o;
:jfy{l;4 ug]{ vfnsf] ;+ljwfg agfpg] eg]/ of] ;/sf/n] Tof] k|lqmofnfO{ b"t| k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tfnfO{ k|of]u ug{sf] Sofl;gf] ljjfb cln cufl8 b]lv ug{ dGqfno nflu kg]{ 5 . klqsfnfO{ wGojfb lbG5', k|ultsf]
zflGtnfO{ d'¶Le/ dfG5]sf] lxtdf ¿kdf cufl8 a9fO/x] s f] 5 . nflu PSsfO;f}F ztfAbLsf] lj1fg / rlncfPsf] ljjfb xf] . Sofl;gf]sf] ) tkfO+{ s0ff{nL If]qaf6 g]t[Tj sfdgf ub{5' .
k|of]u ug]{ p2]Zo af]ss ] f s]xL tTjx¿ hgtfnfO{ k|ToIf ;Daf]wg x'g] vfnsf] k|ljlwsf] ljsf;;Fu hf]8]/ cufl8 ljifodf ;+;b\sf] ;fj{hlgs n]vf
a9\g h?/L 5 . To;sf/0f g]kfnsf] ;ldltn] Pp6f 5nkmn u/]/ lg0f{o
dfgjLo cfjZostfaf6 xfd|f] ;dfhsf] lxtdf ko{6g ljsf;sf] nflu /fli6«o of]hgf u/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/sf] gLlt lgod tyf zflGt / ;+ljwfgsf] dfnf hk]/ d'ns' nfO{ k'/fg}
k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tfnfO{ k|of]u ug{sf] nflu aGg cfjZos 5 . Tof] of]hgfdf l;Ëf]
b]z / ljz]ift xfd|f] dGqfno s]lGb|t
k|lqmofdf l;Ëf] /fi6« rNg'k5{ . ;a}
Sofl;gf] Joj;foL tyf cGo
/fHo Joj:yfdf sfod /fv]/ d'¶Le/ dfG5]sf
PSsfO;f}“ ztfAbLsf] lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] eP/ cufl8 a9\ g ] xf] . cfd Jojf;foLx¿ klg ToxL ;/sf/sf] gLlt :jfy{l;4 ug]{ vfnsf] ;+ljwfg agfpg]
hgtfnfO{ of]hgfdf kl/rfng ug]{ xf] lgod cg';f/ rNg'k5{ . ;/sf/
ljsf;;“u hf]8]/ cufl8 a9\g h?/L 5 . eg] g]kfnsf] ko{6g If]q dgf]/~hgsf] Joj;foLx¿aLr ePsf] ;xdlt zflGtnfO{ d'¶Le/ dfG5]sf] lxtdf k|of]u ug]{
To;sf/0f g]kfnsf] ko{6g ljsf;sf] nflu If]q dfq} x'g] 5}g . of] gofF g]kfnsf] sfof{Gjog ug{ ;/sf/ / Joj;foL
p2]Zo af]ss
] f s]xL tTjx¿ clxn] of]
gofF /fHo Joj:yfdf dxTjk"0f{ cfly{s b'a} tof/ x'g'k5{ . ;/sf/n] a]Odfg
/fli6«o of]hgf aGg cfjZos 5 . cfwf/ x'g;S5 . xfd|f] d'n'sdf ug{ kfpFbg} / Joj;foLx¿n] klg
;/sf/sf] sfo{zn } L b]v/] eoÍ/ ¿kdf
ljBdfg /x] s f] a] / f] h uf/Lsf] To;nfO{ gsf/fTds ¿kdf lng] /
;d:ofnfO{ xn ug{ Pp6f dxTjk"0f{
If]q ko{6g x'g;S5 . u|fdL0f If]qdf
a'‰g ug'{ x'Fb}g . ;/sf/ / Odfgbf/
x'g] / a]Odfg ug]{x¿nfO{ lgoGq0f
cQflnPsf 5g\ .
;/sf/sf] gLlt lgod tyf k|lqmofdf l;·f] /fi6« ;fdfGo :jf:Yo pkrf/sf] cefjdf ug]{ bfloTj ;/sf/ xf] . ;/sf/ g}
Hofg u'dfpg k'us ] f hgtfnfO{ u|fdL0f a]Odfg eof] eg] x'g] ;a} v/faL ToxL
rNg'k5{ . ;a} Sofl;gf] Joj;foL tyf cGo :jf:Yo ko{6gsf] ljsf; u/]/ u|fdL0f a]OdfgLsf] sf/0f df}nfpF5g To;nfO{
If]qdf :jf:Yo ;]jf ;d]t k'¥ofpg lgoGq0f ug]{ x}l;ot g} ;/sf/n] g]kfnsf] ko{6g If]q dgf]/~hgsf] If]q
Jojf;foLx¿ klg ToxL ;/sf/sf] gLlt lgod ;lsg] cj:yf 5 . ko{6g;Fu g]kfnsf] u'dfpF5 . of] ;/sf/ gofF lhDd]jf/L dfq} x'g] 5}g . of] gof“ g]kfnsf] gof“ /fHo
cg';f/ rNg'k5{ . ;/sf/ Joj;foLx¿aLr jfo' ;]jf klg hf]l8Psf] x'gfn] jfo' / cfjZostfsf] nflu ag]sf] ;/sf/
ePsf] ;xdlt sfof{Gjog ug{ ;/sf/ /
;]jfnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o kx'r F / k|lt:wf{sf] x' g fn] ;/sf/n] cfˆgf] bfloTj Joj:yfdf dxTjk"0f{ cfly{s cfwf/
tx;Dd k' ¥ ofpg cfjZos 5 . lhDd]jf/k"0f{ 9+un] k"/f ug'{k5{ /
Joj;foL b'a} tof/ x'gk' 5{ . ;/sf/n] a]Odfg To;sf] nflu dGqfnon] ;Sbf] k|of; Sofl;gf] ;~rfns Joj;foLx¿n] klg x'g;S5 . xfd|f] d'ns ' df ljBdfg /x]sf]
ug]{ 5 . ca sf] xfd|f] of]hgf dGqfno ;/sf/k|lt lgjf{x ug'k{ g]{ e"ldsf klg
ug{ kfpFbg
} / Joj;foLx¿n] klg To;nfO{ / ;/sf/sf] of]hgfdf s]lGb|t ug'k{ 5{ lgjf{x ug'{k5{ . To;f] x'g ;Sof] eg] a]/f]huf/Lsf] ;d:ofnfO{ xn ug{ Pp6f
eGg]df xfdL k'us ] f 5f}F . o;f] x'g;Sof] Sofl;gf]df b]lvPsf ;d:of xn dxTjk"0f{ If]q ko{6g x'g;S5 .
gsf/fTds ¿kdf lng] / a'‰g] ug'{ x'bF g } . eg] hgtfn] u/]sf] ck]IffnfO{ Pskl5 x'G5g\ . ;/sf/sf tk{maf6 ePsf
csf]{ ¿kdf ;Daf]wg ub}{ hfg ;Sg] sdhf]/LnfO{ ;/sf/n] ;Rofpg' k5{
/fatOfc t]u )@ tr} nf; &^)@ 4
vl:sPsf] zflGt;'/Iff / v'nf l;dfgf ljlrq ;+;f/
;+;f/ abNg] & j]j;fO6x¿
zflGtk|lqmofnfO{ ;fy{s lgisif{df Ps b]zsf gful/s csf]{ b]z hfg]
k'¥ofpg] tyf ;dod} hgtf clwsf/ /f]zg sfk\mn] k/Lkf6L aGb ug'{k5{ . ;/sf/n] != ljsLk] l 8of
;DkGg x'g] gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f u/L vf]n cf]9s ] f ltgsf dltof/x¿ ;a} af]ss ] f lav08gsf/L x'g\ eGg] k|:6 lglZrt s]xL eG;f/ tyf gfsfx¿df ;'?jftM !% hgj/L @))!
kl/jt{g ;+:yfut ug]{ dxTjk"0f{ cft+ssf/L g} x'g,\ tL ;a}nfO{ plrt ePsf] 5 . oL b'i6x¿n] dw]znfO{ lgs} s8f ;'/Iff Joj:yf;lxt cfjt– lgdf{tfM lhDdL jfn];, Nof/L ;}+u/
sfdx¿ yftL g} 5g\\ . hgtfsf rfxgf ;hfo lbg}k5{ . lj:tf/jfbLsf] z/0fdf ;fFlRrs} hDd'–sf:dL/sf] xfntdf hfjtsf] Joj:yf ub}{ v'nf ;Ldf efiffM @$)
tyf b]zsf cfjZostf Psflt/ 5g\\ uP/ lj:tf/jfbL dWo:ytfdf k'¥ofpFb} 5g\,\ tyfslyt dw]zjfbL tTsfn l;n ug'k{ 5{ . t/fO{sf x/]s hfgsf/L k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] ;j{>]i7 dfWod xf] ljsLk]l8of . cfh s'g}
t/ ;/sf/df /xFbf;Dd hgtfsf cft+ssf/Lx¿;Fu unf ldnfpFb} b]z eGb} logsf] e¥ofª ag]sf lgbf]i{ f dw]zL lhNnf tyf sf7df8f}F pkTosfd} ;d]t klg ljifodf cfwfl/t vf]h ug{';\ klxnf] ln+s tkfO{+n] ljsLk]l8ofs} kfpg'
clwsf/, zflGt tyf ;+ljwfgsf] tx;gx; kfg]{ of]hgf agfP/ cfPsf hgtf g} oL b':6x¿sf] klxnf] l;sf/ ;'/IffsdL{sf] ;+Vof gk'us ] f s'/fx¿ x'g]5 . ljsLk]l8ofsf] cfudgcl3 klg cgnfO{g O;f{Snf]k]l8of t s}of}+
;jfndf d/]sf] nfz aa{/ eP/ a:g] b'i6x¿sf] e|d0f, ltgLx¿ a;]sf aGb}5g\\ . ;f]Rg' kg]{ dw]zL hgtfn] cfO/x]sf 5g\,\ hgzlQm sd ePsf lyP t/ tL ;a}df sd} dfq hfgsf/L x'g] ub{Yof] / ltgLx¿sf] k|of]u klg
tyfslyt dw]zL g]tfx¿ ;/sf/af6 :yfgx¿, ltgLx¿n] s;s;n], sxfF– xf], ljrf/ ug'k{ g]{ dw];L hgtfn] xf], s'/fx¿ cfO/x]sf 5g\,\ ca l9nf gu/L sl7g lyof] . t/ ljsLk]l8ofsf] cfudg;Fu} k"/} kl/l:yltdf kl/jt{g cfof] .
aflxl/g' kbf{sf] kL8f ;xg g;sL sxfF / s;–s;nfO{ e]6] < eGg] s'/fsf] ;k{nfO{ b"w lknfP/} /fv] klg 8:bfv]/L /fHosf] g'gkfgL vfP/ SofG6f]Gd]G6df ljsLk]l8of Pp6f lgMz'Ns 1fgsf]if xf] . o;nfO{{ s'g} klg JolStn] ;Dkfbg
cIfDo ck/fwx¿ ul//x]sf 5g\\ . alnof] k|df0f h'6fpg g]kfnL ;'/IffsdL{ jif} 5f8\5 eGg] ;To cfddw];L a;]sf hgd'lQm ;]gfnfO{ ;d]t b]z ug{ ;Sb5 / nfvf}F :jod\;j] ssf sf/0f x/]s lbg o;sf] 1fgsf]ifsf] prfO
/fi6«3ftL u2f/x¿sf] u2f/Lsf] d"No nfUg'k5{ . ha;Dd j}wflgstfsf] vf]n hg;d'bfox¿n] a'‰g l9nf ug'{ x'bF g} . tyf hgtfsf] Ho'wgsf] ;'/Iffsf] lhDdf sof}F u'gf al9/x]sf] 5 . cfhef]ln of] 1fgsf]if c+u|]hLdf dfq geP/
lgbf]{if ;j{;fwf/0fx¿n] r'sfpg' cf]9s ] f cft+sjfbLx¿nfO{ sf/jfxL x'bF g} clxn] dw];sf] /fhgLlt u/]sf 5f}F lbg'k5{ . s/Lj Ps nfvsf] ;+Vofdf g]kfnLnufot x/]s efiffdf pknJw 5 .
kl//x]sf] 5 . xf] s]xL lbgotf t/fO{sf ta;Dd ca}w ¿kdf e"ldut ¿kdf eGg]x¿ ;du|df la:tf/jfbL v]tfnf /x]sf] ;]gfnfO{ ;n{Ss b]zsf] ;Ldf @= x6d] n
lhNnfx¿df ;fj{hlgs oftfoftsf xTof, lx+;f tyf cft+s dRrfpg]x¿ g} x' g \ , lav08gjfbL, b] z 3ftL ;'/Ifsf] lhDdf lbg'k5{, To;f] ubf{ ;'?jftM $ h'nfO{{ !((^
;fwgx¿df z+vnfa4 ad la:kmf]6 dfly sf/jfxL x'g ;Sb}g . clxn] u2f/x¿ g} x'g,\ kl5Nnf] r/0f;Dd lj:tf/jfbL cltqmd0f dfq} /f]lsFbg} , lgdf{tfM zAaL/ efl6of / cGo
u/fpFb} bh{gf}F lgbf]i{ f ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ t/fO{sf lhNnfx¿df ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L cfOk' U bf logLx¿ cft+ s sf/Lsf t:s/L lgoGq0f x'G5, cj}w xltof/sf] clwu|x0fM dfOqmf];ˆ6
cËeË ckfË agfpg] , xhf/f} F ;fwgx¿df e}/x]sf z[v + nfa4 kf;ljs dltof/;d]t ePsf 5g\\ . cf];f/k;f/ aGb x'G5 . lj:tf/jfbL cfhsf] gofF lkF9Ln] of] gfd klxrfg u?g\ jf klxrfgsf nflu Wofg
hgtfnfO{ cft+lst agfpg] tyf s]xL xdnfx¿df hlt lhDd]jf/ e"ldut lj:tf/jfbL 3';k}7 tyf cfofltt e"lddf a;]/ g]kfnsf] v'nf l;dfgfsf] glbpg\ t/ x6d]nn] s'g} ;do Od]nsf] kl/efiff g} ablnlbPsf] lyof] .
lgbf]i{ f ;j{;fwf/0fsf] xTof;d]t ug]{ h'g cft+ssf/L ;~hfnx¿ 5g\,\ Tolt g} gjg]kfnLx¿;Fu /fHo e'ms]sf] sf/0f kmfObf p7fpFb} l;Ëf] t/fO{nfO{ /0fd}bfg x6d]neGbf klxnf Od]n ug]{ / Od]n k|fKt ug]{ b'n{e sfo{ lyof] . cgnfOg
cTofGt} q'm/ tyf kf;ljs cft+ssf/L lhDd]jf/ lbNnL k'u/] dflns u'xfg]{ cfh b]z o;/L sdhf]/ ePsf] 5 . agfpFb} /utsf] vf]nf] aufO/x]sf Od]n KnfOG6 ;ˆ6j]o/ pknJw lyPg . tkfO{ ha Od]nnfO{{ cfˆgf] Ps
cfqmd0fx¿ ePsf 5g\,\ o;sf] >]o tyf cft+ssf/Lx¿;Fu ;fF7ufF7 ug]x{ ¿ sf]xL, st} ;'/lIft 5}gg\ . ef/tLo cfk/flws hTyf tyf kL;Ldf 8fpgnf]8 ug{'x'GYof] ta l/df]6 ;e{/af6 Tof] l8n]6 x'g] ub{Yof]
ltg} u2f/x¿nfO{ hfG5 h;n] ;Qfaf6 5g\\ . /, hlt lhDd]jf/ logLx¿ 5g\,\ u'Ktr/ ;+:yf …/Ú sf sd{rf/Lx¿ cft+sjfbLx¿sf x/]s ultljlw aGb cyf{t\ Pp6f Od]n Ps :yfgdf dfq x]g{ ;lsGYof] . x6d]nn] j]ed]nsf]
x6\gk' /]sf] kL8fdf lbNnLsf] z/0fdf Tolt g} lhDd]jf/ ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb g]kfnel/ jgdf/f emf8L;/L km}lnPsf x'G5g\\ . ;]gfnfO{ l;dfgfdf t}gfy ugf{ ;'?jft u¥of] . x6d]nnfO{{ s'g} klg kL;Ldf a|fph ug{ ;lsGYof] . s'g}
k'u/] af/Daf/ x:tIf]ksf] levdfu], 5 . g]kfnsf b'Zdg tyf g]kfn 5g\ \ . tTsfnLg ;f+ ; b ;fy ;z:q k|x/L;d]t zflGt;'/Iffsf] Od]nnfO{{ sof}F :yfgaf6 vf]Ng ;lsGYof] . zAaL/ efl6of / s]xL cGo
oL h3Go ck/fwx¿sf] >]o ltg} 6' q \ m ofpg] ;kgf ;fF r ] / a;] s f ldhf{lbn;fbj]ub]lv sf/uf/sf08 sfddf kl/rflnt x'g kfpF5 h;sf] JolStsf] of] vf]hn] Od]n ug{] tf}/tl/sfd} abnfj Nofof] . kl5 dfOqmf];ˆ6n]
/fi6«3ftLx¿nfO{ hfG5 h;n] ljb]zL cft+ s sf/Lx¿nfO{ cf>o lbg] , cyjf cG;f/Ldfly uf]nL k|xf/;Ddsf sf/0f /fHon] s/Lj b'O{ nfv ;'/IffsdL{ x6d]n lsGof] / clxn] of] a|f08 ;dfKt eO;Sof] . To;sf] :yfg dfOqmf];ˆ6
e"lddf uP/ ljb]zL dWo:ytfdf b]zdf ltgLx¿nfO{ xftxltof/sf] Joj:yf ;Dk"0f{ 36gfx¿ ef/tLo u'Ktr/ tyf kfn]/ klg hgzlQm cefj eGg'kg]{ nfO{e d]nn] lnPsf] 5 . t/, x6d]nsf] ofb dflg;x¿ clxn] klg ub{5g\ .
xTof / cft+ssf] z[v + nf rnfO/x]sf ul/bg]b]lv ltgnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ ;'/Iff ;+oGq …/Ú, P;P;aL tyf l:yltsf] cGTo x'G5 . 5f]/Lr]nL tyf #= km] ; a' s
cft+ssf/L b'i6x¿nfO{ e]6/] o:tf cfly{ s ;| f ] t dfq lj:tf/jfbn] P;6LPkmsf] ;+oQ' m kxndf ePsf 5g\\ . r]nLa]6Lsf] ;DaGw eGb} v'nf l;dfgfsf] ;'?jftM $ km]a|'c/L @))$
of]hgfx¿ agfP . r}q !! b]lv !$ h' 6 fOlbPsf] 5} g ls clxn] t o;aLrdf s/Lj Ps bh{g hlt xTof cj}w kmfObf p7fpg] ck/fwLx¿nfO{ lgdf{tfM dfs{hs/ju{ km];a's
ut];Ddsf] cjlwdf t/fO{sf ljleGg j}wflgstfsf] vf]n cf]9s ] f g]kfnsf ePsf 5g\,\ s/Lj cfwf bh{g hlt lg:t]h kfg{sf] nflu tyf b]zdf ljZjsf] ;a}eGbf nf]slk|o ;fdflhs ;~hfn ;fO6 xf] . cd]l/sfh:tf
lhNnfdf ofq'afxs ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L tyfslyt dw]zjfbL elgg]x¿nfO{ lgzfgf r'ss ] } sf/0f 3fOt] cj:yfdf zflGt;'/Iff, cdgr}g sfod ug{sf] b]zdf t o;n] u'unnfO{{ klg pl5g]/ ;a}eGbf nf]slk|o ;fO6sf] uf}/j
;fwgx¿df ul/Psf cft+ s sf/L ;d]t pg} cft+ssf/Lx¿;Fu ldnfOlbg], afF r ] s f 5g\ \ eg] tL b' i 6x¿sf] nflu d'Vo sfo{ eg]sf] cJojl:yt v'nf klg k|fKt ul/;s]sf] 5 . km];a'ssf k|of]ustf{x¿ s/f]8f}s F f] ;+Vofdf 5g\ /
xdnfdf k/L sl/j $# hgf lgbf]i{ f ;xsfo{sf] jftfj/0f agfOlbg] / h;/L lgzfgfdf sf]–sf] 5g\\ / slta]nf ;Ldf aGb ug'{ k5{ . v'nf ;Ldf aGb s}of}F dflg;sf] t lbg / /ft km];a'sd} laTg] u/]sf] 5 . t/ km];a's klxnf]
;j{;fwf/0f 3fOt] ePsf 5g\\ eg] !$ x'G5 b]z sdhf]/ agfpg];Ddsf s;sf] d[To'sf] va/ cfpg] xf] eGg] ugf{ ; fy b] z el/ nfu" kbfy{ ;fdflhs ;~hfn ;fO6 eg] lyPg . t/, o;n] ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] l;4fGt
ut] laxfg;Dddf Pshgfsf] pkrf/s} of]hgfx¿ agfOlbPsf] 5 . gLlt g} qf;afx]s c¿ s]xL 5}g . ef/tLo cf];f/k;f/ aGb x'G5, xftxltof/sf] g} kl/jt{g ul/lbof] . km];a'sn] y8{kf6L{ PlKns]zgx¿nfO{{ dGh'/L lbP/
qmddf d[To' ePsf] 5 . 36gfsf] lj:tf/jfbL ePsf] b'i6 /fHon] cfˆgf] sf/fuf/df s}b e'Qmfg ul//x]sf] Pp6f cj}w lsga]r tyf cf];f/k;f/ aGb cfˆgf] nf]slk|otfdf ltj|tfsf ;fy a9fof] . km];a's nf]slk|o alg/Xof]
lhDd]jf/L h'g;'s} e'm08 jf hTyfn] :jfy{ k"/f ug{sf] nflu, g]kfnsf] ck/fwLn] k];j] / xTof/fx¿ k|of]u u/]/ x'G5, rf]/L, t:s/L tyf /fh:j 5nL lsgeg] p;n] cfkm"nfO{{ ;docg';f/ kl/jt{g ub}{ uof] .
lnP klg oL cfqmd0f :jtGq tyf cl:tTjdfly r'gf}tL lbgsf] nflu o;/L oL ;Dk"0f{ 36gfx¿ u/fPsf] xf] eGg] aGb x'G5, ;Ldf cltqmd0f aGb x'G5 $= 6\ j L6/
;fj{ef}d g]kfndfly ePsf lj:tf/jfbL g]kfnsf b'Zdg tyf cfˆgf akmfbf/ h'g xNnf rnfOPsf] 5, of] xNnfdf ;fy} lj:tf/jfbL Hofbltdf a|]s ;'?jftM @))^
cfqmd0f g} x'g\ . gf]s/x¿nfO{ k|of]u u/]sf] s'/fdf g]kfnL slt ljZjf; ug]{ jf gug]{ < Pp6f nfU5 . v'nf ;Ldf aGb gubf{;Dd lgdf{tfM Hofs 8f];L{, Ojfg ljlnoD;, ljh :6f]gs] /fhg]tf, s] cleg]tf
ljutb]lv dw]zsf] gfddf xTof / dfq xf]Og ljZj g} hfgsf/ 5 . oL s} b Ln] k| z f;gsf] ldn] d tf] l agf lbNnLaf6 xltof/;lxt sf7df8f}F s] ;dfh;]jL, s] wd{'?, s] cfd gful/s . cfh ;a}h;f] 6\jL6/df
cft+ssf] z[+vnf rnfpFb} cfPsf ;Dk" 0 f{ ck/fwx¿;d] t ljuts} cfkmGtnfO{ ;d]t e]6g\ ;Sb}g eg] cfP/ lbgbfxf8} xTof / lx+;fsf] z[v + nf pkl:yt 5g\ . !$) cIf/sf ;fy tkfO{ ;+;f/e/;Fu hf]l8g ;Sg' x'G5 .
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k|wfgdGqLnufot ljZjsf b]zx¿df dlxnf / k'?ifaLrsf] e]b lxGb' hxfF;Dd k'?ifaf6 t8\kfpg], zf]if0f cj:yf sdhf]/ ePsf kl/jf/sf] gef]us ] f] cfgGb
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ofbjsf] kf;kf]6{ k|of]u u/L b'O{ hgf g]tfx¿n] o; ljifonfO{ 6'Ëofpg tk{m kf6L{ lsg cfGtl/s emu8fdf l9nf]rfF8f] aG5 . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] jfddf]rf{ al9 g} cfqmfds x'g5 ] .
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vDafsf ?kdf pEofpg] w[i6tf xfdLn] ;ldltsf] a} 7 sdf afx' a nsf] c¿ cfw' l gstfjfbsf rfl/lqs /xG5 t/ Tof] xfdLnfO{ :jLsfo{ 5}g . ub}{5g\ . kl/0ffd:j¿k k]ml/ klg
k| o f] u ePsf] s' / f aflx/ ug{ s'g} sl7g gx'g] sfg'gljb\x¿n] ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ cft+lst kfg]{ /
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ePsfn] ;'?d} lg?T;flxt / xtf]T;flxt
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klg k'h F Ljfbsf] ljsf; cfˆg} kf6L{sf] cf–cfˆgf rfxgf xf]nfg . /fHo xfd|f] kf6L{ / xfdLnfO{ klg clncln /fi6« k ltn] cfˆgf] ;lqmotf, lgdf{0f ul/Psf] GIDC ejgaf6 dx;'; u/] . o;f] ePtfklg pgLx¿sf
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a9f sld;gsf] :jfb rfVg k'us ] f ljsn uf]Ko of]hgf / if8oGqx¿ tk{m ;/sf/
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k"0f{k'FhLjfbL x'F eGg s'g} nHhf / g;s]sf] x'g;S5 . lsgeg] ;a}nfO{ rsgfr'/ eOxfN5, l;lbG5 h:tf] /fi6«klt cfk}mF t v/fa x'g' gkg]{ lgsfoaf6 k|fKt pks/0fdf klg of] ug{ h?/L 5 . vf;u/L ef/tLo
lxlRsrfx6 5}g, ;dsfnLg g]kfnL lrQ a'emfpg ;lsFb}g klg . /fHo dnfO{ nfUb}g . xfd|f] kf6L{ leq xf], /fi6«kltnfO{ s;}n] k|of]u u/]sf] jf Tof] jxfgfdf nfvf}F ¿k}ofF e|i6frf/ ck/fwLs lu/f]xx¿sf] ;+nUgtfdf oxfF
cy{tGqdf lghL If]q w'/L vfFaf] xf],Ú k'g;+/rgf ;ldltn] NofPsf] k|ltj]bg ;d:ofx¿ xf]nfg\ . tL ;d:ofx¿nfO{ x'g ;S5 . oxfF zlQmsf] b'¿kof]u ug{ ;kmn eP . o;/L sf]l/og bft[ 3';k}7x¿ x'g] / cft+s dRrfpg]
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a6'ns ] f e§/fO{n] o;af6 cfk"mn] s'g} k|ltj]bg k|f/lDes k|ltj]bg xf] . o;n] cfjZostf kf6L{ 6'6, k'm6 / u'6sf] glbg], zflGt sfod x'g glbg] k]ml/ ljsn kf}8n ] nfO{ Pl;ofnL ljsf; a}s + dw];L hgclwsf/ kmf]/d g]kfn,
uj{dx;'; gu/]sf] atfP . …d}n] k|:t't u/]sf] k|ltj]bgsf] d'Vo ljifo xf]Og . clxn]sf] cfjZostf eg]sf] klg xTof / lx+;f e8\sfpg] / To;sf] P8LaL n] l;+ x b/af/ leqsf jt{dfg ;/sf/df ;xefuL x'g] lg0f{on]
eG;f/df r'xfj6 /f]s]sf sf/0fdfq} j:t'df 5nkmn ug]{ xf] . ljj]s k|of]u åGåfTds ef}ltsjfbL tl/sfaf6 nflu /fi6«kltnfO{ klg k|of]u u/]/ / sfof{nox¿df ;"rgf ljsf; / lj:tf/ k]ml/ ck/flws dgf]j[lQx¿ emg}
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…d'nsleq} cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] ljsf; ;+jw} flgs ;ldltsf] a}7sdf d;njf/ klg Psl9Ss} eP/ gofF lz/f, gofF sfod ul/ of] d'ns ' nfO{ c;kmn /fi6« pgLx¿sf] e|i6frf/n] ;Ldf gf3]sf] ;|ft] ;fydf cGo ;fgf bnx¿nfO{ klg
u/]/ /fh:j a9]sf] ePdfq} ;Gtf]if xf]O{g, dfOG8jf/ k|of]u ug'{ k5{ . cfwf/ / gofF cfofdsf ;fy cufl8 3f]if0ff u/fO{ b]zLljb]zL zlQmx¿n] atfpF5 . P8LaLn] cg'bfg lbO{ ;"rgf ;fydf lnP/ cufl8 a9\g ;s]df
dfGg ;lsGYof] .Ú pgn] k'FhLjfbsf clxn]sf] ;do ;}Go / dNn o'4sf] a9\g] s'/f xf] . xfd|f] kf6L{leq clxn] k]ml/ of] d'ns ' df gfËf] gfFrgfRg]] ;kgf ;~hfn lj:tf/sf] nflu /fli6«o jt{dfg u7aGwg yk alnof] / ;zQm
gfpFdf ljb]zL ;fdfg cfoft ug{ xf]Og of] t ljj]ssf] o'4 ug]{ xf] . sltko ;d:ofx¿ x'g;S5g\ tL b]v]sf] x'g;S5g\ . To;}n] To:tf k|ljlws]Gb|n] 6]08/ cfJxfg u/]kl5 aGb} hfg] lglZrt 5 . ha ha
Joj;foLsf] k|jl[ Qk|lt klg cfnf]rgf u/] . ;ef;b\ h:tf] ul/dfdo kbdf /xg' ;d:ofx¿sf] sf/0fn] xfd|f] kf6L{ km'6f];\ ;kgfx¿nfO{ rsgfr'/ kfg{ hgtf 6]08/ ldnfO lbg] eGb} ;'lbk 8flu / dfcf]jfbL ;lxtsf] u7aGwg alnof]
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ug'k{ g]d{ f cfoftnfO{ dfq k|fyldstf vfnsf] Jojxf/ ug{ ;'xfpFb}g . a'l4 xl/of] lem+ufx¿sf] ;kgf sbflk ;sf/ sbflk k"/f x'bF g} g\ . /fi6«kltn] To:tf] wfpg yfn]sf lyP / kl5 pgLx¿n] k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿n] /fi6«klt / g]kfnL
lbPsf] eGb} c;Gt'i6 b]lvPsf e§/fO{n] ljj]s k|of]u u/]/ cufl8 a9\gk' 5{, x'Fb}g . xfdL xfd|f] kf6L{ Pstfj4 ;kgf b]Vg'ePsf] 5 eg] Tof] ;kg} k|To]s 6]08/bftf;Fu nfvf}F ¿k}ofF lnO{ ;]gfaLr PnfoG; u/fpg] 5g\ /
clxn] cy{gLltnfO{ …ljs[t / gf]s/zfxL afx'jnn] xf]Og . ul/5f8\5f}F . xfdL xfd|f] nIo k"/f ug{ x'G5 slxNo} ljkgfdf nfu" x'Fb}g . 6]08/ kfl/lbPsf] ;|ft] sf] bfjL 5 . /fi6«kltnfO{ al9 ;lqmo agfpg] 5g\ .
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sf+u; ]| g]tf tyf k"jc{ y{dGqL 8f= dlxgf klg afF s L g/x] s f] ) tkfO{ + n ] eGg] eGbf ljkl/t ;+ul7t ;r]t / cfˆgf] clwsf/ ldnfOlbg sfof{nosf ;Dk"0f{ uf]Ko tl/sf xf] . /fi6«klt / ;]gfnfO{ ljleGg
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Kofs'/]n cd]l/sf / Sofg8fdf klg zflGt k|lqmof ;Fu;Fu} 6'Ëofpg] u/L afbljjfb / ;+jfbaf6 u5f}F . Pstf, 5 . o;n] hgtfdf Pp6f cft+s ;~hfn lj:tf/ sfo{ klg cj?4 x'g [email protected]
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e|i6frf/ xf] eg] b]z c;kmntfsf] ePsf] b]zdf zf;sx¿ dfq lsg / e|i6frf/x¿ tTsfn ;dfKt x'g ;S5g\\ . tyf n]vfhf]vf s]xL gx'g' g} e|i6frf/sf] / kl/Iff s]Gb| klg v'n]sf 5g\ . h;af6 k9\g hfFr lbg / ;~rf/ cflb
;+3f/df k'Ug'sf] d'Vo sf/0f;d]t s;/L ca{klt aG5g\\ < oL k|Zgsf a]OdfgLsf] rfªdf a;]/ nf]stflGqs d'Vo sf/0f xf] . kf6L{sf] g]tT[ j u/]/ ;'ljwfn] kl/0ffd yfxf kfpg klg ;/n / ;xh ePsf] 5 . )#! ;fndf d}n]
e|i6frf/ g} xf] . e|i6rf/n] ;dfh, hjfkm xfdLn] dfq xf]Og, x/]s g]kfnL zf;g Joj:yf rNb}g . nf]stflGqs ;/sf/df cfPsf] JolQmn] abdf;L u¥of] d]/f] kl/0ffd yfxf kfpg !% lbg nfu]sf] :d/0f ug]{ xf] eg] Tof] ;do /
b]z tyf hgtfsf] enf] t ub}g{ g} rfxG5g\\ . /fHosf] 9's6' Lsf] 7]Ssf lnP/ zf;g Joj:yf rfxg] tyf rnfpg]x¿n] ls, clgoldttf tyf e|i6frf/ u¥of] kl/j]z jt{dfgdf cgf}7f], sf}t'xn x'g hfG5 . To;kl5sf lbg k]ml/Psf
sfnfGt/df e|i6rf/L tyf ltgsf a;]sfx¿n] oL k|Zgsf] lrQa'‰bf] hjfkm e|i6frf/lj?4sf] cleofg cfkm}aF f6 ;'? sL eg]/ ;f]Rg], rgfvf] x'g,] cfjZos 5g\ . xfdLnfO{ dWoklZrdsf] ljs6 kxf8L lhNnfaf6 sf7df8f}F cfpg
dltof/x¿sf] ;d]t enf] x'bF g} . l;:6d lbg}k5{ . PSsfO; jif{sf] ax'bnLo ug'k{ 5{, cGoyf nf]stGqsf uLt tyf k/] sf/jfxL ug]{ kf6L{sf] lhDd]jf/L xf] rfgr'g] ;+3if{n] k'Ub}gYof] . ToxfFaf6 sf7df8f}F cfP/ lzIff cfh{g ug'{
tyf k|lqmof tf]8/] lasnfË agfPkl5 zf;g Joj:yfsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] pknlAw sLt{g hlt g} ufP klg hgtfdf ljZjf; t/ xfd|fd] f To;sf] 7Ls ljk/Lt x'g,' dxfef/t lyof] . ;a} kl/jz] a]Un} . clxn]sf hlt ;'ud Pj+ ;/ntfsf]
To;af6 s;}sf] klg enf] x'bF g} . t/ eg]sf] e|i6frf/, t:s/L, clgoldttf, knfpFbg} . e|i6rf/Lx¿n] g]tT[ j u/]sf h;n] hxfFaf6 / h;/L NofP klg sNkgf eGbf aflx/s} s'/f lyof] . t}klg P;Pn;L kl/Iff rln/x]s} lyof] .
ToxL e|i6rf/sf] hfnf]leq ;fgf] tyf gftfjfb tyf s[kfjfb g} xf] . oxL kf6L{x¿ tyf e|i6rf/Lx¿sf sfFwdf kf6L{nfO{ 7"nf] /sd a'emfpg ;s]df gLlh / ;/sf/L lzIffsf] lje]b olt;f/f] lyPg .
;'Gb/ b]z g]kfn g/fd|f; ] uF hsl8Psf] cjlwdf s/f]8f}F ;f]xf]g{ ;kmn ePsfx¿ 6]s/] kf6L{sf] g]tT[ jf ug]x{ ¿n] nf]stGq :ofaf;L dfq geO{ cfpg] csf]{ Rofppd|] ;/x cfhef]ln lghL / ;/sf/L :s'nn] lzIff lbO/x]sf 5g\ .
5 . zflGt, ;+ljwfg tyf ;'zf;g;Fu} cfh klg nf]stGqsf] ljsNk 5}g eGb} tyf k|hftGqsf] k|jrg ;'gfpg ca lgjf{rgsf] l6s6;d]t kSsf x'g] ePs} ;x/ ahf/sf ljBfnosf lj1fkg x]bf{ yfxf x'G5 clxn] x'g] vfg]x¿sf
e|i6frf/sf] pGd"ng;d]t clxn]sf] d'Vo 5g\\ . 5f8f k'FhLjfbsf] jsfnt aGb ug}k{ 5{ . cGoyf l9nf]rfF8f] tL sf/0f ;d]t e|i6frf/ c¿ a9]sf] xf] . :s'nsf] lzIffn] lsQf ljefhg ltj| eO/x]sf] b]lvG5 . af]l8{Ë gfdwf/L
cfjZostf xf] . e|i6rf/ lgd"n { kfg{ ug]x{ ¿;d]t ;a} /fHosf n'6/] fx¿ x'g\ kf6L{x¿sf] cl:tTj gfl;g] lglZrt 5 . jf:tjdf kGrfotL zf;g Joj:yf :s'ndf cfˆgf ;GttLnfO{ egf{ ug]{ nx8 klg Tolts} 5 . ;x/ ahf/df
g;lsPnf t/ lgoGq0f ug]{ k|efjsf/L eGbf cGofo gxf]nf . cGoyf logLx¿ lsgls hgtf ca ca'em 5}gg\, hgtfn] k5fl8sf] of] sl/a PSsfO; jif{sf] s]lGb|t o:tf ljBfnodf k|foM x'g] vfg] vfgbfgLdf / gofF e'Ok'm§fx¿sf]
sbd rfNg cjZo ;lsG5 . h;sf] o;/L Pscf;kdf ldn]/ vfFbg} y], uNtL o:tf] a] > d xs{ t ;w} F e l/ x] / ] / ax'bnLo zf;g Joj:yf e|i6frf/L, cs't ;DklQ To:tf :s'nx¿df nufgL eO/x]sf] b]lvG5 . lzIffsf ljleGg
lglDt e|i6frf/LnfO{ bl08t ug'{ hlt ug]{x¿nfO{ z/0f lbP/ /fVb}gy], al;/xFbg} g\ . clVtof/ tyf cbfntn] t:s/L tyf clgoldttfnfO{ hLjgsf] k|of]usf] gfddf cleefjsaf6 wg ;+sng ePs} 5 . pgLx¿ klg To;}df
ck/Lxfo{ 5, Tolt g} cfjZos 5 ck/fwLx¿nfO{{ arfpgsf] lglDt ljleGg sf/0fa; sltko s'/fx¿ kQf Pp6f kf6f] agfPsfx¿sf] nflu Pp6f ;Gt'i6L eO/x]sf 5g\ . Pn]en, q]mla|h pgLx¿sf nflu g]kfnd} pknAw
e|i6frf/sf d'xfg cyjf ;|f]tx¿ clVrof/b]lv ;jf]R{ r cbfnt;Dd k'u/] gnufpg ;S5g\,\ kQf nufPsf s'/fx¿ :jl0f{d o'u g} aGg k'Uof] h;sf] sf/0f 5g\ . k|foM ;'lsnf d'lsnf dfq x}g gj wgf9o ju{sf ;GttLx¿ To:t}
;'sfpg . bafa lbFbg} y] . nf]stGqsf] ljsNk 5}g klg ljleGg sf/0fn] aflx/ gNofpg b]z t aaf{b eof] g} hgtfnfO{ ;d]t lghL lzIffnosf ljleGg gfdwf/L lzIffnox¿df cWoog u/fpFb5g\ eg]
/fhgLlt cyjf hgtfsf] ;]jfsf] eGg]x¿n] tyf 5f8f k'FhLjfbsf] ;S5g\\ t/ hgtfn] x/]s /fhgLlt1sf] /fhgLltaf6 lj/Qm agfof] . o;sf] d'Vo a9L ljBfyL{ egf{ ug{sf] nflu P;Pn;Ldf kf; u/fpg ug]{ gug]{ rlt{snf
s;d vfPsfx¿af6 g} hgtflj?4sf] jsfnt ug]x{ ¿n] kf6L{leq ;lk|Psf] tyf pRrkb:t sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ;a} s'/f lhDd]jf/ eg]sf] /fhgLlts g]tT[ j g} klg k|b{zg ub{5g\ . log} :jgfdwGox¿ kmnfd] 9f]sfsf] xf}jf lkmhfpFb}
u4f/L cyjf e|i6frf/ ;'? ePsf] 5 . e|i6frf/¿kL jgdf/fsf] emf8L kmf8]/ kQf nufpg ;S5g\\ nufPsf 5g\\ . xf] . ;xL tyf unt 5'6o\ fpg g;Sg], jt{dfgdf cfd g]kfnLsf slnnf] dl:t:sdf ck|Tofltt ¿kn] bafa lbFb5 } g\ .
b]zsf] zf;g Joj:yf s:tf] agfpg], b]vfpg] ;fx; gubf{;Dd logLx¿n] eGg] cGoyf lr/GhLjL afUn]nfO{ sf/jfxL b]z tyf hgtfsf]eGbf klg cfˆgf] ljBfnonfO{ Jofkf/sf] gLltn] ;~rfng u/]sf gfkmfvf]/x¿ ;fdbfd b08
ljsfz lgdf{0f k|lqmof s;/L cufl8 nf]stGq n'6tGq g} xf], o;sf] ljsNk x' g f;fy ca kfnf] uf] l jGb/fh, JolQmut, u'6ut tyf kf6L{ut :jfy{nfO{ e]bsf] gLlt cjnDag ub}{ /fHosf gLlt lgdf{0f;DdnfO{ cg'lrt k|efj kfg{
a9fpg], b]zsf] eljio stf n}hfg] tyf cfhsf] ckl/xfo{ cfjZostf xf] . v'daf/xfb'/, ;'hftf, uR5]bf/, u'Ktf, dfq ;j{Zj b]Vg] a]Odfg g]tT[ jsf] sf/0f ;kmn ePsf 5g\ .
s:tf] agfpg] eGg] ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ e|i6frf/ lgd"n { ug{ g;s] klg s+;sf/, df]tLnfn, v/]n / k|bLk b]z o;/L hh{/ ag]sf] xf] . e|i6frf/ gfkmfd"vL k;nsf Jofkf/Lx¿n] ;~rfng u/]sf Jofkf/¿kL ljBfnosf]
kfPsf] /fhgLlts If]q g} e|i6frf/sf] lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsG5 . o;sf] nflu zdz]/sf] ======= eGb} rf]srf]sdf s'/f a9\b} hfFbf b]zdf x/]s lsl;dsf cltl/Qm ;/sf/n] ;~rfng u/]sf ljBfnosf] cj:yf emg ljlrqsf] 5 .
afxs e}lbFbf ;d:of c¿ r'lnPsf] 5 . klxnf] sfo{ eg]sf] s8f sfg'gsf] Joj:yf ub}{ a:g] lyPgg\ . s;–s;sf] x}l;ot ;d:ofx¿sf] y'kf| ] nfU5, ljlwsf] zf;g lzIfs dxf]box¿ k];fut xslxtsf] gfddf ljleGg /fhgLlts kf6L{;Fu
;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ lgsfo g} ;d:ofsf] x'gk' ¥of] . e|i6frf/L k|dfl0ft eP/ s] xf] < klxnf logLx¿sf] x}l;ot s] tyf sfg'gL /fhsf] ;dflKt x'G5, hf]l8Psf 5g\ . pgLx¿nfO{ :s'neGbf cf–cfˆgf kf6L{ lk|o 5g\ eg] kf6L{sf]
;|ft] e};s]kl5 ;d:of cjZo klg sf/fuf/df s}bL hLjg latfO/x]sf] lyof] / clxn] s] ePsf] 5 eGg] s'/f clnslt x'g]vfg], 6f7faf7f tyf sdgfaf6 rNg] JolQmx¿ kf6L{sf] x'Ok -gLlt lgb]z { g_ nfUg'kg]{ afWotfn]
rfgr'g] x'Fb}g . b]zdf s'zf;g, Pp6f ktLtnfO{{ ;d]t OHht, dfg, hgtfnfO{ /fd|/L yfxf 5 . e|i6rf/sf] /fhgLltdf nfu]sfx¿ e|i6frf/ tyf cWofkg sfo{df bIftf, lgk'gtfsf] ljsfzsf] b/sf/ kb}{g . k7fP klg
c/fhstf, clgoldttf tyf e|i6frf/ ;Ddfg tyf p;nfO{{ ;xof]uL tyf dfdnfdf nlrnf] x'g,] l9nf;':tL ug]{ of] clgoldttfs} sf/0f /ftf/ft ca{klt gk7fP klg tna ;'ljwf k|fKt ug'{ d} ;Gtf]if dfGg] u'?hL sf] Tof] ju{ To;
Jofks ¿kdf df}nfpb} uPsf] tyf sxLF, ;';f/]sf] Joj:yf ug]{ kl/kf6L tTsfn jf Tof] afxfgf vf]h/] e|i6frf/Lx¿nfO{ x'g k'U5g\\ h;sf] sf/0f hgtfdf wgL cnfjf cfˆgf JolQmut gLlt sfo{df tlNng x'g] csf]{ ju{ ;d]tnfO{ k7fOsf]
st} sf/jfxL gePsf] sf/0f nf]stGqsf] aGb ug'k{ 5{ . sf/fuf/df ;d]t :t/ pGd'lQm lbg] kfqx¿b]lv e|i6rf/LnfO{ tyf ul/aaLrsf] vf8n c¿ a9\b} vfFrf] kb}g{ . bnLo ;+oGq leq cfj4 x'g afWo Tof] ju{ k/LIffsf] s]xL ;do
cy{ tyf dd{ g} s'zf;g, c/fhstf 5'6o\ fpg] p;sf] /fhgLlts kx'r F tyf sf/jfxL xf]nf eGg] 8/n] ljleGg afwf hfG5, ljsf; lgdf{ 0 f /f] l sG5, cufl8 ;lqmo eP klg jif{el/sf] k9fO cNk ;don] k|efj kfb}{g . t/ klg
clgoldttf, t:s/L tyf e|i6frf/ g} cfly{s cj:yfnfO{ x]//] kfFrtf/] xf]6n Jojwfgx¿ pTkGg ug],{ ljleGg bafax¿ pBf]uwGbf, snsf/vfgf ;a} rf}k6 P;Pn;Lsf] glthfn] cg'bfg cflb g/f]lsof];\ eGg] dg;fon] k9fOeGbf
/x]5 eGg] wf/0ff cfdhgtfdf ljsf; a/fa/sf] ;'ljwf lbP/ /fVg] kfl/kf6Ln] lbg] ;a}hgf hgtfsf] gh/af6 l5k]sf x'G5g\,\ b]z c;kmn aGg ;S5 eGg] 6\o';gdf k|fT] ;flxt u5{ eg] kl/Iff glhlsFb} hfFbf lr6 rf]/fpg] csf]{
x'bF } uPsf] 5 . oxL cj:yfdf e|i6frf/df e| i 6frf/Lsf] dgf] a n lub} { g . 5}gg\, To;}n] /fd|f] oxL x'G5 ls ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfGo r]tgf;d]t gePsf d"v{ jfWotf /x]sf] kfOG5 . clxn] htf;'s} # bnLo ;+oGqsf] rrf{ kl/rrf{
r'nD'{ d 8'as ] f k6s–k6s dGqL ePsf e|i6rf/LnfO{ ;se/ kmf;Lsf] Joj:yf e|i6 ktLt tyf gfnfosx¿nfO{ /fhgLlt1x¿n] b]znfO{ of] cj:yfdf rng rlNtdf 5 . s]Gb|fWoIf, lg/LIfs ;a}df # bnLo ;+oGqsf] ;xdltsf]
lr/GhLjL jfUn] tyf tfTsfnLg ;ef;b x'gk' 5{, olb Tof] x'g ;Sb}g eg] sDtLdf l56f]eGbf l56f] ;Vt ;hfo xf];\ . k'¥ofPsf x'g\ . ca hgtf cfkm}F rrf{ ;'lgPsf] lyof], ;fx[b lr6 rf]/fpg] ;+oGq klg # bnLo ag]sf]
8L=aL= sfsL{ dfly sf/jfxL x'g' cjZo kgL p;sf] ;j{Zjx/0f u/]/ cfhLjg e|i6frf/ df}nfPsf] b]zdf ljs[lt hfUg}k5{ . sd{rf/LtGqleqsf] e|i6frf/ x'gk' b{5 . o;/L lnOPsf] hfFraf6 To;eGbf dflysf] k9fOdf s] b;f xf]nf .
klg :jfutof]Uo sbd xf], t/ of] k|lqmof sf/fjf;sf] Joj:yf ug}k{ 5{ . sfjfxL tyf lj;+ultsf] af9L rln/x]sf] x'G5 . tyf l9nf;':tL xf];\ jf /fhgLlts clxn]sf ljBfyL{ g} ef]ln efjL g]tf, k|zf;s, j}1flgs x'g] x'g\ . logLx¿ of]
olts}df /f]lsg' eg]sf] gfª\nf] 76fP/ o:tf] x'gk' 5{ h'g s'/f b]vs ] f, hfg]sf hxfF e|i6frf/, ljs[lt, lj;+ult tyf cfj/0fdf a]l/P/ s/f]8f}F n'6s ] f n'6/] f pd]/df lr6 rf]g,{] 6\o;' g gk9L kf; gx'g] cj:yf xfdLn] cyf{t\ jt{dfg
xfQL t;f{pg vf]Hg' a/fa/ dfq x'g] jf ;'gs ] fn] km]l/ To:t} vfnsf] xs{t 5f8ftGq df}nfPsf] x'G5, ToxfFsf] zf;g lsg gx'g\ hgtfn] 5f]8g\ ' x'bg} . l9n} ;dfhn] ;[hgf u/]sf 5f}F . tf]lsPsf] k|ltzt kf; gePdf cg'bfg /f]lsg],
5 . g]kfnsf] Gofofnos} Oltxf;df Ps} ug]{ ;fx; gu?g\ . Goflos If]qsf] Joj:yf :yfoL x'bF g} . ljZjdf /fd|f] eP klg clVtof/ tyf ;jf]R{ r cbfntn] bz hf]8 b'O{df ljBfyL{ gkfOg], To:t} ;x/ ahf/sf af]l8{ªdf ;t k|ltzt
xKtfleq e|i6frf/df r'nD'{ d 8'as ] f b'O{ e|i6frf/, z}lIfs, k|zf;lgs s'6gLlts dflgPsf] ax'bnLo zf;g Joj:yf of] dxfck/fwsf] hfnf] kG5fpg] sfdsf] dflyNnf] >]0fLdf kf; geP ljBfyL{ gkfO{g] log} sf/0fn] P;P;nLsf] nflu
kfqnfO{{ Jofks /fhgLlts bafa x'bF fx'bF } tyf ;f+:s[lts If]qsf e|i6frf/;d]t g]kfndf 3[l0ft x'gs ' f] d'Vo sf/0f ;'?jft u/]sf] 5, of] ;sf/fTds sfo{sf] h] klg ug]{ k|j[lQn] sfd ul//x]sf] 5 . clg kmnfd] 9f]sfsf] xfpu'hL lbFbf
klg h;/L sf/jfxLsf] cfb]z eof], of] /fhgLlts e|i6frf/s} ;xfos x'g\ / e|i6frf/ xf] . e|i6frf/sf] sf/0f k|z; + f ub},{ clVtof/ tyf ;jf]R{ rsf] sof}F ljBfyL{ cft+lst x'g] cj:yf /x]sf] kfOG5 .
cfkm}dF f cToGt ;sf/fTds sfo{ xf] eGg] /fhgLlts e|i6frf/Ls} cf8–e/f];fdf b08xLgtf df}nfof], ck/fwLx¿n] pGd'lQm xf};nf c¿ a9fpFb} ltgnfO{ cf8e/f]iff hfFrkl5 l/hN6 / l/hN6 kl5 eg;'g / k};f v'jfP/ kf; u/fpg
s'/f rNb} ubf{ Pshgf ldqn] eGg' tL ;a} df}nfPsf 5g\\ . To;sf/0f kfP, pgLx¿sf x/]s ck/fwx¿n] lbFb} /fhgLlts sn]j/df n's/] a;]sf ;lsG5 ls eg]/ Pp6f nsf]{ klg nfU5 . s]xL g]tf, sfo{stf{, bnfn,
ePsf] lyof] Psrf]6L dGqL e};s]sf] ;a}eGbf klxnf] st{Jo s8feGbf s8f j}wflgstf kfP, Tof];Fu} nf]stGq, ck/fwLx¿ tyf ltgnfO{ z/0f lbP/ To;}sf] WofpGgdf Pp6f ljifodf !.@ gDa/ sd cflb eGb} s'lb/x]sf
h'g;'s} dflg;nfO{{ ;dft]/ sf/jfxL ubf{ sfg'gsf] Joj:yf xf] eg] bf];|f] k| h ftGq tyf dfgjclwsf/sf /fv]sf kf6L{ tyf ltgsf] g]tT[ jlj?4 x'G5g\ . To:tf] s'bfO slt ;fy{s x'G5 Tof] yfxf ePg To:tf] s'bfO{df
klg unt x'bF g} , To;/L ul/g] sf/jfxLn] cfjZostf /fhgLlts If] q sf] cfj/0fleq xhf/f}–F xhf/ ck/fwx¿ Jofks bafa l;h{gf ub}{ ;Dk"0f{ nfu]sfx¿ b]lvG5g\ . of] dfgl;stfn] Pp6f pmhf{ v]/ uO/x]sf] 5 .
ltgLx¿dfly cGofo x'bF g} eg]/ eGg' e|i6frf/nfO{ 6fu]{6 agfpg' xf] . 5f]lkP, lgd'vf tyf lgbf]i{ f hgtfx¿ ck/fwLx¿nfO{ sfg'gL sf/jfxL ug{sf] c6\sn sf6\g ;lsG5 .
eof] . 7Ls To;} ubf{ t sltkonfO{{ /fhgLlt1 Odfgbf/, st{Jolg:7 tyf dfly ltg} ck/fwLx¿n] zf;g ul//x] . nflu hgtf ;8sdf emg]{ a]nf cfPsf] utjif{ lr6 rf]/fPsf kqklqsf l6eL ;dfrf/ cfPsf] Pp6f ljBfnosf
cGofo xf]nf, e|i6frf/ gug]x{ ¿ klg kf/bzL{ x' g f;fy cGo If] q sf hlt clgoldttf u/] klg ;fwg / 5, cGoyf e|i6rf/Lx¿n] b]z tyf k|wfgfWofks;Fu e]6 x'Fbf ;dfrf/ af/]df lh1f;f /fVbf pgLnfO{ s]Gb|fWoIf
5g\\ eGg] csf]{ ;fyLsf] ts{df pxfFn] e|i6frf/;d]t :jtM 36\5 . h;sf] ;|ft] sf] hlt g} b'¿kof]u u/] klg, kfPsf] hgtflj?4 u2f/L ub}{ ;f]xf]/s ] f] ;a} glbP/ cs}{nfO{ s]Gb|fWoIf lbPsf] / pgL hfFrel/ ljBfnodf, pkl:yt x'g
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