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Dvance ISC Achine: Reduced Instructions

The ARM architecture is a RISC design that utilizes a reduced instruction set, pipelining for high throughput, and a load/store architecture. It features a small register set, 3-stage pipelining, and low power consumption. The ARM7TDMI-S is an ARM processor that includes a 16-bit Thumb instruction set, debug support, an enhanced multiplier, and embedded hardware for breakpoints and watchpoints. It has several operational modes including user, fast interrupt, interrupt, supervisor, abort, undefined, and system modes.

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14K views8 pages

Dvance ISC Achine: Reduced Instructions

The ARM architecture is a RISC design that utilizes a reduced instruction set, pipelining for high throughput, and a load/store architecture. It features a small register set, 3-stage pipelining, and low power consumption. The ARM7TDMI-S is an ARM processor that includes a 16-bit Thumb instruction set, debug support, an enhanced multiplier, and embedded hardware for breakpoints and watchpoints. It has several operational modes including user, fast interrupt, interrupt, supervisor, abort, undefined, and system modes.

Uploaded by

Naga Nikhil
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ARM (Advance RISC Machine)

RISC FEATURES:
 Reduced instructions
 Pipelining
 Load store architecture
 Registers

Reduced instructions :
 Utilizes a small, highly-optimized set of instructions.
Pipeline organization
• 3-stage pipeline: Fetch – Decode - Execute
• Three-cycle latency, one instruction per cycle
throughput
i
n
s
t i Fetch Decode Execute
r
u
i+1 Fetch Decode Execute
c
t
i i+2 Fetch Decode Execute
o
n
t t+1 t+2 t+3 t+4 cycle
Load store architecture :
 Does not support memory to memory data processing
 Must move to registers before using them.
 Process becomes much faster due to register access to process data.

Registers :
 Large general purpose register set.
 Contains either data or address.
ARM (Advance RISC Machine)
ARM FEATURES:

 Low power consumption


 High code density
 Hardware debugging technology
 Reduced area of die.
 Low cost memory device.
ARM 7TDMI-S
Nomenclature:

ARM –Acron Risc Machine (Now Advanced Risc Machine)


 T – The Thumb 16 bit instruction set.
 D – On chip Debug support.
 M – Enhanced Multiplier
 I – Embedded ICE hardware to give break point and watch
point support.
 S- Synthesizable
ARM REGISTERS
Sys/user FIQ SVC ABT IRQ UNDEF
ARM7 CPSR Format
ARM7 Operational Modes
MODE [4:0]

User USR Normal application execution environment* 10000


Fast
FIQ Response-time critical interrupt 10001
Interrupt
Interrupt IRQ General purpose interrupt 10010

Supervisor SVC Protected mode for operating system 10011

Abort ABT Virtual memory protection & management 10111

Undefined UND Undefined Instruction (reserved for coprocessor) 11011

System SYS Privileged user mode for operating system 11111

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