Chapter- 1: SUMMARY 1

SUMMARY TABLE: GLOBAL LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY

MARKET PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ 0
MILLIONS)
SUMMARY FIGURE: GLOBAL LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY
MARKET PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, 2001-2012 ($ 0
MILLIONS)

Chapter- 2: TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW 114

BATTERY BACKGROUND 1
TABLE 1 LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY SYSTEMS 2
TABLE 1 (CONTINUED) 3
BATTERY SYSTEMS 3
GENERAL BATTERY CHARACTERISTICS 3
Voltage 3
Capacity 3
Shelf Life 4
Drain 4
Safety 4
Safety (Continued) 5
Energy Density 6
Power 7
Recharge Time 7
Primary Battery Size and Shape 7
Cycle Life 8
Disposal Factors 8
COMMERCIAL SECONDARY BATTERY CHARACTERISTICS 9
TABLE 2 COMMERCIAL SECONDARY BATTERY TYPES 10
TABLE 2 (CONTINUED) 11
BATTERY DESCRIPTIONS 11
LEAD-ACID BATTERIES 12
Lead-Acid Traction Batteries 13
Lead-Acid Sealed Appliance Batteries 13
Lead-Acid UPS Batteries 14
State of the Art and Recent Developments 14
State of the Art and ý (Continued) 15
State of the Art and ý (Continued) 16
TABLE 3 LEAD-ACID BATTERY COMPANIES AND RECENT
17
DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 3 (CONTINUED) 18
TABLE 3 (CONTINUED) 19
TABLE 3 (CONTINUED) 20
TABLE 3 (CONTINUED) 21
Applications and Markets 21
Lead-Acid Traction Batteries 22
Lead-Acid Sealed Appliance Batteries 22
Lead-Acid UPS Batteries 23
Technical and Market Challenges 23
Large and advanced Lead-Acid Market Summary 23
TABLE 4 GLOBAL LEAD-ACID BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS
24
BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
 NICKEL-CADMIUM BATTERIES 24
Nickel-cadmium Batteries (Continued) 25
State of the Art and Recent Developments 26
Applications/Markets 26
Large and advanced Nickel-Cadmium Market Summary 27
TABLE 5 GLOBAL NICKEL-CADMIUM BATTERY MARKET
PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ 27
MILLIONS)
NICKEL-HYDROGEN BATTERIES 27
State of the Art and Recent Developments 28
Applications and Markets 29
Technical and Market Challenges 29
NICKEL-IRON BATTERIES 29
NICKEL-ZINC BATTERIES 30
State of the Art and Recent Developments 31
Applications/Markets 32
Technical and Market Challenges 33
NICKEL-METAL HYDRIDE BATTERIES 33
Nickel-metal Hydride Batteries (Continued) 33
State of the Art and Recent Developments 34
State of the Art ý (Continued) 35
State of the Art ý (Continued) 36
State of the Art ý (Continued) 37
State of the Art ý (Continued) 38
TABLE 6 NICKEL-METAL HYDRIDE BATTERY COMPANIES AND
39
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 6 (CONTINUED) 40
TABLE 6 (CONTINUED) 41
TABLE 6 (CONTINUED) 42
Applications and Markets 42
Technical and Market Challenges 43
Large and advanced Nickel-Metal Hydride Market
43
Summary
TABLE 7 GLOBAL NICKEL-METAL HYDRIDE BATTERY MARKET
PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ 43
MILLIONS)
TABLE 7 (CONTINUED) 44
Rechargeable Lithium Batteries (including Lithium-ion and
44
Lithium-polymer)
TABLE 8 NON LITHIUM-ION RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM
44
BATTERY CONFIGURATIONS
TABLE 8 (CONTINUED) 45
TABLE 9 NON LITHIUM-ION RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM
46
BATTERY STATUS
Lithium-Ion Compared with Lithium-Ion Polymer 47
Lithium-Ion ý (Continued) 48
Lithium-Ion as Smart Batteries 49
Lithium-Ion ý (Continued) 50
Lithium-Ion ý (Continued) 51
TABLE 10 SMART BATTERY SYSTEM (SBS) STAKEHOLDERS 52
State of the Art and Recent Developments 52
 State of the Art ý (Continued) 53
TABLE 11 LITHIUM-ION BATTERY COMPANIES AND RECENT
54
DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED) 55
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED) 56
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED) 57
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED) 58
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED) 59
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED) 60
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED) 61
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED) 62
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED) 63
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED) 64
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED) 65
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED) 66
TABLE 11 (CONTINUED) 67
Applications and Markets 68
Technical and Market Challenges 68
Large and advanced Lithium Market Summary 68
TABLE 12 GLOBAL LITHIUM BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS
69
BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
HIGH-TEMPERATURE LITHIUM BATTERIES 69
High-temperature ý(Continued) 70
High-temperature ý(Continued) 71
State of the Art and Recent Developments 72
TABLE 13 HIGH-TEMPERATURE LITHIUM-IRON SULFIDE
72
BATTERY R&D
TABLE 14 SUMMARY OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE LITHIUM
73
BATTERY RESEARCH
Applications and Markets 73
SILVER-BASED SECONDARY BATTERIES 73
Silver-Zinc Batteries 74
Silver-Cadmium Batteries 75
Silver-Iron Batteries 75
Silver-Polymer Batteries 75
State of the Art and Recent Developments 76
Applications and Markets 77
Large and advanced Specialty Market Summary 77
TABLE 15 GLOBAL SPECIALTY BATTERY MARKET
PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ 78
MILLIONS)
METAL-AIR BATTERIES 78
Aluminum-Air Batteries 79
Aluminum-Air Batteries (Continued) 80
TABLE 16 SUMMARY OF CURRENT AND HISTORIC ALUMINUM-
81
AIR BATTERY COMPANIES AND DEVELOPMENTS
ZINC-AIR BATTERIES 82
TABLE 17 SUMMARY OF CURRENT AND HISTORIC ZINC-AIR
83
BATTERY COMPANIES AND DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 17 (CONTINUED) 84
TABLE 17 (CONTINUED) 85
 Hybrid Zinc-Air/Manganese-Dioxide Batteries 85
Iron-Air Batteries 85
Lithium-Air Batteries 86
Magnesium-Air Batteries 86
Magnesium-Air Batteries (Continued) 87
Metal-Air Materials 88
Metal-Air Materials (Continued) 89
Metal-Air Battery Market Trends 90
Large and advanced Metal-Air Market Summary 90
TABLE 18 GLOBAL METAL-AIR BATTERY MARKET
PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ 91
MILLIONS)
SODIUM-SULFUR BATTERIES 91
Sodium-sulfur Batteries (Continued) 92
State of the Art and Recent Developments 93
TABLE 19 SUMMARY OF CURRENT AND HISTORIC SODIUM-
94
SULFUR BATTERY COMPANIES AND DEVELOPMENTS
State of the Art ý (Continued) 95
Sodium-Sulfur Battery Market Trends 96
REDOX AND FLOW BATTERIES 96
Zinc-Chloride Batteries 97
Zinc-Bromine Redox Batteries 98
Zinc-Bromine ý (Continued) 99
Chromium-Chloride/Iron-Chloride Redox Batteries 100
Vanadium Redox Batteries (VRBs) 100
Vanadium ý (Continued) 101
Vanadium Redox ý (VRBs) 102
Sodium-Bromide Batteries 103
EXPLORATORY BATTERIES 103
Calcium-Metal-Sulfide Batteries 104
Sodium-Metal Chloride Batteries (ZEBRA) 104
Large and advanced Developmental Market Summary 105
TABLE 20 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENTAL BATTERY MARKET
PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ 106
MILLIONS)
COMPETING ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS 106
Hybrid Battery Systems 106
Hybrid ý (Continued) 106
Hybrid ý (Continued) 107
Capacitive Energy Storage 108
TABLE 21 COMPARISON BETWEEN CAPACITIVE ENERGY
STORAGE AND LARGE ELECTROCHEMICAL STORAGE 108
BATTERIES
TABLE 21 (CONTINUED) 109
TABLE 22 COMPARISON OF CAPACITOR, ULTRACAPACITOR
110
AND BATTERY CHARACTERISTICS
Nuclear Batteries 110
Nuclear ý (Continued) 111
Flywheel Energy Storage 112
Fuel Cells 113
Alkaline Fuel Cells 113
 Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells 113
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells 114
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells 114
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 114

Chapter- 3: LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKET APPLICATIONS 77

SUMMARY OF LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKETS 115

LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKET ANALYSIS
115
CONVENTIONS
Market Value Model 115
Market Value Model (Continued) 116
Definitions of Regions 117
Analysis Duration 117
Monetary Conventions 117
MOTIVE POWER LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKETS 118
TRACTION AND MARINE BATTERIES 118
Traction and Marine Battery Background 118
Traction and ý (Continued) 119
Traction and ý (Continued) 120
Traction and ý (Continued) 121
Traction and ý (Continued) 122
Traction and Marine Battery Market Summary 123
TABLE 23 GLOBAL TRACTION AND MARINE BATTERY MARKET
PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ 123
MILLIONS)
TABLE 24 GLOBAL TRACTION AND MARINE BATTERY MARKET
124
PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
FIGURE 1 GLOBAL TRACTION AND MARINE BATTERY MARKET
124
PROJECTIONS BY REGION, 2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Aviation Battery Background 125
Aviation Battery Market Summary 125
TABLE 25 GLOBAL AVIATION BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS
126
BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 26 GLOBAL AVIATION MARKET PROJECTIONS BY
126
REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
FIGURE 2 GLOBAL AVIATION MARKET PROJECTIONS BY
127
REGION, 2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
PORTABLE PRODUCT LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY
127
MARKETS
Computer Battery Background 127
Computer Battery Market Summary 128
TABLE 27 PORTABLE COMPUTING PRODUCT MARKET
128
DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 28 PORTABLE COMPUTER BATTERY DRIVING FORCES
129
AND MARKET DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 29 GLOBAL PORTABLE COMPUTER BATTERY MARKET
PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ 129
MILLIONS)
TABLE 30 GLOBAL PORTABLE COMPUTER BATTERY MARKET
130
PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
FIGURE 3 GLOBAL PORTABLE COMPUTER BATTERY MARKET
130
PROJECTIONS BY REGION, 2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Hand Tools and Lawn Care Product Background 131
 Hand Tools ý (Continued) 132
Hand Tools and Lawn Care Product Market Summary 133
TABLE 31 PORTABLE TOOLS DRIVING FORCES AND MARKET
134
DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 32 PORTABLE TOOL BATTERY DRIVING FORCES AND
135
MARKET DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 33 GLOBAL HAND TOOL AND LAWN CARE PRODUCT
MARKET PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ 135
MILLIONS)
TABLE 34 GLOBAL HAND TOOL AND LAWN CARE PRODUCT
MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ 136
MILLIONS)
FIGURE 4 GLOBAL HAND TOOL AND LAWN CARE PRODUCT
136
MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, 2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
MILITARY/ AEROSPACE PORTABLE PRODUCT BATTERIES 137
Military/ Aerospace Portable Product Battery Background 137
TABLE 35 MILITARY/AEROSPACE PRIMARY LITHIUM BATTERY
138
APPLICATIONS
TABLE 35 (CONTINUED) 139
Military/ Aerospace ý (Continued) 140
Military/ Aerospace ý (Continued) 141
Military/ Aerospace Portable Product Battery Market
142
Summary
TABLE 36 PORTABLE MILITARY PRODUCT DRIVING FORCES
143
AND MARKET DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 37 GLOBAL PORTABLE MILITARY PRODUCT BATTERY
143
MARKET BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 38 GLOBAL PORTABLE MILITARY PRODUCT BATTERY
MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ 144
MILLIONS)
FIGURE 5 GLOBAL PORTABLE MILITARY PRODUCT BATTERY
144
MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, 2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
STATIONARY POWER LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY
145
MARKETS
UPS Battery Background 145
UPS Battery Market Summary 145
TABLE 39 GLOBAL UPS BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY
146
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 39 (CONTINUED) 147
TABLE 40 GLOBAL UPS BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY
147
REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
FIGURE 6 GLOBAL UPS BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY
148
REGION, 2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Emergency Lighting Battery Background 148
Emergency Lighting Battery Market Summary 148
TABLE 41 GLOBAL EMERGENCY LIGHTING BATTERY MARKET
PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ 149
MILLIONS)
TABLE 42 GLOBAL EMERGENCY LIGHTING BATTERY MARKET
149
PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 42 (CONTINUED) 150
Remote Power and Alternative Energy Storage Battery
150
Background
Remote Power and Alternative Energy Storage Battery 150
 Market Summary
TABLE 43 GLOBAL REMOTE AND ALTERNATIVE ENERGY
STORAGE BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, 151
THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 44 GLOBAL REMOTE AND ALTERNATIVE ENERGY
STORAGE BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, 152
THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
FIGURE 7 GLOBAL REMOTE AND ALTERNATIVE ENERGY
STORAGE BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, 2001- 152
2012 ($ MILLIONS)
HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES 153
HEV BACKGROUND 153
Pollution Abatement 153
Electric Utility Efficiency 153
Promotion of Domestic Energy Sources 154
Maintaining Technological Competitiveness 155
HEV BATTERY MARKET SUMMARY 155
Toyota HEV Market Status 155
TABLE 45 TOYOTA AND LEXUS HYBRID VEHICLE SALES BY
156
YEAR, 1997 TO MAY 2007 (UNIT = 1,000 VEHICLES)
TABLE 46 CUMULATIVE SALES OF MAIN TOYOTA AND LEXUS
HYBRID PASSENGER VEHICLES BY MODEL, 1997 TO MAY 2007 156
(UNIT = 1,000 VEHICLES)
Toyota HEV ý (Continued) 157
TABLE 47 GLOBAL HEV MARKET PROJECTIONS BY
158
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 48 GLOBAL HEV MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION,
159
THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
FIGURE 8 GLOBAL HEV MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION,
159
2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
DEVELOPMENTAL MARKETS 160
AUTOMOTIVE BATTERIES 160
Automotive Battery Background 160
Automotive Battery Market Summary 160
TABLE 49 GLOBAL LARGE AND ADVANCED AUTOMOTIVE
BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 161
2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 50 GLOBAL LARGE AND ADVANCED AUTOMOTIVE
BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 161
($ MILLIONS)
Plug-In Battery Background 161
Plug-In Battery ý (Continued) 162
University and Government Plug-In and Advanced HEV
163
Studies
University of California Low Carbon Fuel Standard 163
University ý (Continued) 164
Electric Power Research Institute 165
Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability 166
University ý (Continued) 167
University ý (Continued) 168
U.S. DOE/EERE's Office of FreedomCAR and Vehicle
169
Technologies (OFVCT)
Summary Report: Discussion Meeting on Plug-In Hybrid
169
Electric Vehicles
 Participants. 169
Background 169
Vehicle Technology 170
Electric Distribution 171
Potential Show Stoppers 172
Unknowns/Data Needs 172
Recommendations/Opportunities for DOE 172
Current Activities and Next Steps 172
EPRI and the Natural Resources Defense Council 173
TABLE 51 PROJECTED ANNUAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION
174
REDUCTIONS FROM PHEVS IN THE YEAR 2050 (MILLION MT)
TABLE 52 PEAK NEW VEHICLE MARKET SHARE IN 2050 FOR
175
THE THREE PHEV ADOPTION SCENARIOS (%)
Plug-in Battery Market Summary 175
TABLE 53 GLOBAL PLUG-IN BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS
176
BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
TABLE 54 GLOBAL PLUG-IN BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS
176
BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
FIGURE 9 GLOBAL PLUG-IN BATTERY MARKET PROJECTIONS
177
BY REGION, 2001-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Utility Load Leveling Background 177
TABLE 55 JABEESS LOAD-LEVELING OPTIONS 178
Utility Load ý (Continued) 179
Utility Load-leveling Battery Market Summary 180
TABLE 56 GLOBAL LOAD-LEVELING BATTERY MARKET
PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ 181
MILLIONS)
TABLE 57 GLOBAL LOAD-LEVELING BATTERY MARKET
181
PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Developmental Military/Aerospace Background 181
Developmental Military/Aerospace Market Summary 182
Military Electric Vehicles Scenario 182
Military ý (Continued) 183
Battery-Powered Fighting Vehicle Scenario 184
Battery-Powered ý (Continued) 185
Battery-Powered ý (Continued) 186
Battery-Powered ý (Continued) 187
Military Automated Factory Scenario 188
Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) Revival Scenario 188
Developmental Military Battery Market Summary 189
TABLE 58 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENTAL MILITARY BATTERY
MARKET PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ 189
MILLIONS)
TABLE 59 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENTAL MILITARY BATTERY
MARKET PROJECTIONS BY REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ 190
MILLIONS)
LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKET SUMMARY 190
TABLE 60 GLOBAL LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKET
PROJECTIONS BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ 190
MILLIONS)
TABLE 61 GLOBAL LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKET
PROJECTIONS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ 191
MILLIONS)
Chapter- 4: INDUSTRY STRUCTURE AND COMPETITIVE ASPECTS 33

THE DRIVING FORCES OF THE INDUSTRY 192

TREND ANALYSIS 192
TABLE 62LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKET (END-
193
USE) TRENDS
DRIVING FORCE NUMBER 1: PATENT SITUATION 193
Patent Disputes 193
Patent Disputes (Continued) 194
DRIVING FORCE 2: IMPROVING BATTERY TECHNICAL
195
MATURITY
DRIVING FORCE 3: DEVELOPING NEW APPLICATIONS FOR
196
LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERIES
DRIVING FORCE 4: ADVANCED MATERIALS FOR
196
ADVANCED BATTERIES
Driving Force 4: (Continued) 197
Driving Force 4 (Continued) 197
Fullerenes 198
Fullerenes (Continued) 199
Conductive Polymers 200
TABLE 63 CONDUCTIVE POLYMER BATTERY ENERGY
201
DENSITIES
Battery Separators 201
DRIVING FORCE 5: PUBLIC SECTOR R&D 202
TABLE 64 PUBLIC SECTOR R&D 202
TABLE 64 (CONTINUED) 203
TABLE 64 (CONTINUED) 204
TABLE 64 (CONTINUED) 205
TABLE 64 (CONTINUED) 206
TABLE 64 (CONTINUED) 207
TABLE 64 (CONTINUED) 208
DRIVING FORCE 6: BATTERY QUALITY CONTROL AND
208
PRODUCT SAFETY
The Manufacturing and Assembly Process 208
TABLE 65 GENERIC BATTERY MANUFACTURING TREE 209
Product Safety Issues 209
Alternative Designs 210
Recent Lithium Battery Patents that Address Battery
211
Safety
Recent ý (Continued) 212
Material Safety Issues 213
Material Safety ý (Continued) 214
MARKET SEGMENTATION AND INDUSTRY CONCENTRATION
215
FACTORS
TABLE 66 LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY CONCENTRATION
216
FACTORS
TABLE 66 (CONTINUED) 217
MARKET SEGMENTATION FACTORS 218
TABLE 67 LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY MARKET
218
SEGMENTATION AND MARKET FORCES
TABLE 67 (CONTINUED) 219
TABLE 67 (CONTINUED) 220
INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENT AND TRADE PRACTICES 220
 TABLE 68 GLOBAL LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY
220
COMPANIES AND IMPORTANT MANUFACTURING SITES
TABLE 68 (CONTINUED) 221
DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS 221
TABLE 69 LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY DISTRIBUTION
221
CHANNELS
TABLE 69 (CONTINUED) 222
INDUSTRY PURCHASING INFLUENCES 223
TABLE 70 LARGE AND ADVANCED BATTERY PURCHASING
223
INFLUENCES
RETAIL PRICE TRENDS 223
TABLE 71 TYPICAL RETAIL ADVANCED BATTERY PRICES,
224
1996-2007 ($)

Chapter- 5: COMPANY PROFILES AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 137

A123SYSTEMS 225
A123SYSTEMS (CONTINUED) 226
A123SYSTEMS (CONTINUED) 227
A123SYSTEMS (CONTINUED) 228
A123SYSTEMS (CONTINUED) 229
AC DELCO 230
ACME ELECTRIC CORP. 230
ADVANCED BATTERY SYSTEMS 231
AEA TECHNOLOGY 231
ADVANCED BATTERY SYSTEMS 232
ADVANCED BATTERY TECHNOLOGIES, INC. (ABAT) 232
ABAT (U.S.) 232
ABAT (Continued) 233
ALCAD, LTD. 234
ALCAD, INC. (U.S.) 234
ALL POWER BATTERY 234
ALTAIR NANOTECHNOLOGIES 234
ALTAIR NANOTECHNOLOGIES (CONTINUED) 235
ALTAIR NANOTECHNOLOGIES (CONTINUED) 236
ALTAIR NANOTECHNOLOGIES (CONTINUED) 237
AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER (AEP) 238
AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER (AEP) (CONTINUED) 239
ANTIQUE AUTO BATTERY 240
APPLE COMPUTER, INC. 240
APPLIED POWER, INC. 241
ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY 241
AROTECH CORP. 242
ELECTRIC FUEL BATTERY CORP. 242
EPSILOR ELECTRONICS INDUSTRIES, LTD. 242
ARTHUR D. LITTLE, INC. 243
ATLANTIC BATTERY CO. 243
AVESTOR (HYDRO-QUÉBEC AND KERR MCGEE) 243
AVESTOR ý (CONTINUED) 244
AVESTOR ý (CONTINUED) 245
AXEON 246
AXION POWER INTERNATIONAL, INC. 247
BATTERY-BIZ 248
BATTERY BUILDERS, INC. (BBI) 249
BATTERY CLINIC, INC. 249
BATTERYCORP 249
BATTERY SYSTEMS, INC. 250
BATTERY TECHNOLOGY, INC. (BTI) 250
BELL CITY BATTERIES 250
B.B. BATTERY 251
BETA RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT 251
BOLDER TECHNOLOGIES (GP BATTERIES INTERNATIONAL) 252
BOSTON-POWER 253
BOUNDLESS CORP. 253
BREN-TRONICS 253
BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY 254
BROWN UNIVERSITY 255
BYD BATTERIES 256
CADEX ELECTRONICS, INC. 257
C&D TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 257
CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY 258
CELL-CON 259
CHINA BAK BATTERY, INC. 260
CHINA DIGITAL COMMUNICATION GROUP 261
CHINA DIGITAL COMMUNICATION GROUP (USA) 261
CONCORD BATTERY CORP. 261
COVALENT ASSOCIATES, INC. 262
CROWN BATTERY MANUFACTURING CO. 262
CSB BATTERY OF AMERICA CORP. 262
CYMBET CORP. 263
DELPHI AUTOMOTIVE SYSTEMS 263
DOUGLAS BATTERY MANUFACTURING CO. 264
DYNACELL CORP. 264
DYNO BATTERY, INC. 264
EAGLEPICHER CORP. 265
EAST PENN MANUFACTURING CO. 266
ENERGY CONVERSION DEVICES (ECD OVONICS) 266
OVONIC BATTERY CO. 266
COBASYS 267
Cobasys (Continued) 268
Cobasys (Continued) 269
EIC LABORATORIES 270
ELECTRO ENERGY, INC. 271
ELECTRO ENERGY, INC. (CONTINUED) 272
ELECTRO ENERGY, INC. (CONTINUED) 273
ELECTROVAYA (ELECTROFUEL) 274
ELECTROVAYA (ELECTROFUEL) (CONTINUED) 275
ENER1, INC. (ENERDEL) 276
ENER1, INC. (ENERDEL) (CONTINUED) 277
ENFUCELL 278
E-ONE MOLI ENERGY 279
 NEC 279
ENERGIZER 280
ENERIZE CORP. 280
ENERSYS, INC. 281
ENERSYS, INC. (CONTINUED) 282
ERGENICS 283
EVERCEL, INC. 284
EXCELLATRON SOLID STATE 284
EXIDE TECHNOLOGIES 285
EVEREXCEED INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. 285
EVIONYX, INC. 286
FARASIS ENERGY 286
FIAMM TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 287
FIREFLY ENERGY 288
FIREFLY ENERGY (CONTINUED) 289
FIREFLY ENERGY (CONTINUED) 290
FUJI PHOTO FILM CO., LTD. 291
FURUKAWA BATTERY CO. 291
GP BATTERIES (GOLD PEAK INTERNATIONAL) 291
GREATBATCH, INC. 292
HARDING ENERGY, INC. 292
MAXELL WORLDWIDE 292
MAWELL CORPORATION OF AMERICA 293
HONEYWELL BATTERIES 294
HYB BATTERY CO., LTD. (HUA-YUE-BAO BATTERY) 294
HYDRO-QUÉBEC 295
HYMOTION 295
HUANYU BATTERY 296
IBM CORP. 296
INDUSTRIAL BATTERY ENGINEERING 296
INDUSTRIAL BATTERY PRODUCTS 297
INFINITE POWER SOLUTIONS 297
INNERGY POWER CORP. (AN ECOTALITY COMPANY) 297
INNERGY POWER CORPý.(CONTINUED) 298
IQ POWER AG 299
JOHNSON CONTROLS 299
JOHNSON CONTROLS (CONTINUED) 300
KEYSTONE BATTERY CORP. 301
KOKAM AMERICA, INC. 301
LG CHEM, LTD. 302
LG CHEM AMERICA, INC. 302
LITHIUM POWER TECHNOLOGIES 302
LITHIUM TECHNOLOGY CORP. (LTC) 303
GAIA AKKUMULATORENWERKE GMBH 303
LITHIUM TECHNOLOGY CORP. (LTC) (CONTINUED) 304
LITHIUM TECHNOLOGY CORP. (LTC) (CONTINUED) 305
LITHIUM TECHNOLOGY CORP. (LTC) (CONTINUED) 306
MAGPOWER SYSTEMS, INC. 307
MARATHONNORCO AEROSPACE, INC. 307
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (MIT) 307
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE ý (CONTINUED) 308
MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.
309
(PANASONIC)
MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC CORP. OF AMERICA 309
PANASONIC BATTERIES 309
MAXPOWER, INC. 310
MEDTRONIC, INC. 310
MES-DEA SA 310
MINIMAX ENERGY TECHNOLOGY 311
MOLTECH CORP. 311
MULTIPLIER INDUSTRIES 311
NAMIL BATTERY 312
NAMIL BATTERY (U.S.) 312
NEC CORP. (E-ONE MOLI ENERGY) 312
NEC CORP. (E-ONE MOLI ENERGY) (CONTINUED) 313
NEC CORP. (E-ONE MOLI ENERGY) (CONTINUED) 314
NEXCELL BATTERY 315
NEXERGY 315
NGK INSULATORS 315
NGK CERAMICS USA, INC. 316
NISSAN MOTOR CO. 316
OAK RIDGE MICRO-ENERGY, INC. 316
OAK RIDGE MICRO-ENERGY, INC. (CONTINUED) 317
ODYNE CORP. 318
POLYPLUS BATTERY CO 318
POWER BATTERY CO. 319
POWERGENIX 319
POWER PAPER, LTD. 320
POWER SONIC CORP. 321
POWERZINC ELECTRIC, INC. 321
POWER TECHNOLOGY 322
POWER TECHNOLOGY (U.S.) 322
PURE ENERGY VISIONS, INC. (ENERGY VISIONS, INC.) 323
QUALLION, LLC 323
RAE STORAGE BATTERY 324
RAMCAR 324
REACO BATTERY SERVICE CORP. 324
REGENESYS TECHNOLOGIES, LTD. 324
RENATA BATTERIES 325
RICARDO 325
ROLLS BATTERY ENGINEERING 326
SAFT 327
SAFT AMERICA, INC. 327
Saft America, Inc. (Continued) 328
SANYO ELECTRIC CO., LTD. 329
SANYO ELECTRIC CO. USA 329
SEIKO ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS, LTD. 330
SETO HOLDINGS, INC. 331
SHIN KOBE 331
 SOLICORE, INC. 331
SOLICORE, INC. (CONTINUED) 332
SONY CORP. 333
SONY (USA.) 333
Sony (USA) (Continued) 334
Sony (USA) (Continued) 335
TABLE 72 COMPARISON BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL BATTERY
336
AND NEXELION
SRI INTERNATIONAL 336
STORAGE BATTERY SYSTEMS, INC. 337
SUPERIOR BATTERY MANUFACTURING 337
SWIFT INDUSTRIAL POWER 337
TADIRAN BATTERIES 337
TADIRAN BATTERIES (U.S.) 338
TELCORDIA 338
ENERGY STORAGE RESEARCH GROUP (ESRG) 338
TIAX 339
TELEDYNE CONTINENTAL 339
TESLA MOTORS 339
TESLA MOTORS (CONTINUED) 340
T/J TECHNOLOGIES 341
TOSHIBA BATTERY CO., LTD. 342
TOSHIBA AMERICA, INC. 342
Toshiba America, Inc. (Continued) 343
TNR TECHNICAL, INC. 344
TRACER TECHNOLOGIES 344
TROJAN BATTERY CO. 344
TUNGSTONE BATTERIES, INC. 344
ULTRALIFE BATTERIES, INC. 345
ULTRALIFE BATTERIES, INC. (CONTINUED) 346
UNIROSS BATTERIES CORP. 347
UNIROSS BATTERIES CORP (U.S.) 348
U.S. BATTERY MANUFACTURING CO. 349
USCAR 349
VALENCE TECHNOLOGY, INC. 350
VALENCE TECHNOLOGY, INC. (CONTINUED) 351
VARTA AG (VARTA BATTERIES, INC.) 352
VARTA MICROBATTERY (USA) 352
VOLTAFLEX 353
VRB POWER SYSTEMS 353
VRB POWER SYSTEMS (CONTINUED) 354
VRB POWER SYSTEMS (CONTINUED) 355
YARDNEY 356
YUASA, INC. (GS YUASA CORP., YUASA BATTERY AMERICA,
357
INC., YUASA-EXIDE, JAPAN STORAGE BATTERY)
JAPAN STORAGE BATTERY 357
Japan Storage Battery (Continued) 358
ZBB ENERGY CORP. 359
ZPOWER (ZINC MATRIX POWER) 360
ZPOWER (CONTINUED) 361