EE 673 Digital Communication Networks

Project Report

A B C to Creating Basic Applications of

Android

Chintan Pandya (Y7125)

Rahul Agrawal (Y7333)

 devoted to advancing open standards for
Abstract: mobile devices. Google released most of the
Android code under the Apache License,
With Google’s latest launch for mobile
a free software and open source license.
Android Operating System, we did a project
starting from ABC of it up to Creating Basic
Application. Here we are describing about Android Architecture:
Android, features, capabilities, application, Android relies on Linux version 2.6 for
what we developed, current market scenario core system services such as security,
and future plans. With Android, mobile phone memory management, process management,
rd network stack, and driver model. The kernel
has achieved its 3 generation and brand in
st also acts as an abstraction layer between the
21 century. To cop up with the latest
technology in mobile phone’s world lets start hardware and the rest of the software stack.
the journey of Android. See the figure on next page.

Introduction: System Libraries:

Android is a mobile operating
Android includes a set of C/C++
system running on the Linux kernel. It was
libraries used by various components of the
initially developed by Android Inc., a firm later
Android system. These capabilities are
purchased by Google, and lately by the Open
exposed to developers through the Android
Handset Alliance. It allows developers to
application framework. Some of the core
write managed code in the Java language,
libraries are listed below:
controlling the device via Google-developed
Java libraries. • System C library - a BSD-derived
implementation of the standard C system
library (libc), tuned for embedded Linux-based
devices
• Media Libraries - based on PacketVideo's
OpenCORE; the libraries support playback
and recording of many popular audio and
video formats, as well as static image files,
including MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR,
JPG, and PNG
• Surface Manager - manages access to the
display subsystem and seamlessly composites
The unveiling of the Android
2D and 3D graphic layers from multiple
distribution on 5 November 2007 was
applications
announced with the founding of the Open
• LibWebCore - a modern web browser engine
Handset Alliance, a consortium of 47
which powers both the Android browser and
hardware, software and telecom companies
an embeddable web view
 th
• SGL - the underlying 2D graphics engine In 26 October, 2009 the "Eclair" version (2.0)
• 3D libraries - an implementation based on was released which featured better search,
OpenGL ES 1.0 APIs; the libraries use either battery usage indicator and VPN control
hardware 3D acceleration (where available) or applet. New platform technologies included...
the included, highly optimized 3D software
rasterizer
Optimized hardware speed

• FreeType - bitmap and vector font rendering
Support for more screen sizes and

• SQLite - a powerful and lightweight relational resolutions

database engine available to all applications
Revamped UI

New browser UI and HTML5 support

New contact lists

Better white/black ratio for backgrounds
Development Toolkit:

Improved Google Maps 3.1.2
• SDK (Software Development Kit)
Microsoft Exchange support
• Eclipse
Built in flash support for Camera
• ADT Plugin
Digital Zoom
• DrawDroid
Improved virtual keyboard

Bluetooth 2.1

Android SDK:
Android Applications are packaged
The Android SDK includes a
in .apk format and stored under
comprehensive set of development tools.
/data/app folder on the Android OS. The user
These include a debugger, libraries, a
can run the command adb root to access this
handset emulator (based on QEMU),
folder as only the root has permissions to
documentation, sample code, and tutorials.
access this folder.
Currently supported development platforms
include x86- architecture computers running
Linux (any modern desktop Linux distribution), ADT Plugin:
Mac OS X 10.4.8 or later, Windows
XP or Vista. Requirements also include Java The Android Development Tools
(ADT) plugin for Eclipse adds powerful
Development Kit, Apache Ant, and Python 2.2
extensions to the Eclipse integrated
or later. The officially supported integrated
development environment. It allows you to
development environment (IDE) is Eclipse (3.2
or later) using the Android Development Tools create and debug Android applications easier
and faster. If you use Eclipse, the ADT plugin
(ADT) Plugin, though developers may use any
gives you an incredible boost in developing
text editor to edit Java and XML files then
Android applications:
use command line tools to create, build and
debug Android applications.
• It gives you access to other Android
development tools from inside the Eclipse IDE.
 For example, ADT lets you access the many of navigation and control keys, which you can
capabilities of the DDMS tool: take "press" using yourr mouse or keyboard to
screenshots, manage port-forwarding,
forwarding, set generate events for your application. It also
breakpoints, and view thread and process provides a screen in which your application is
informationd irectly from Eclipse. displayed, together with any other Android
• It provides a New Project Wizard, which helps applications running.
you quickly create and set up all of the basic
To let you model and test your application
files you'll need for a new Android application.
more easily, the emulator supports Android
• It automates and simplifies the process of
Virtual Device (AVD) configurations. AVDs let
building your Android application.
you specify the Android platform that you want
• It provides an Android code editor that helps
to run on the emulator, as well as the
you write valid XML for your Android manifest
hardware options and emulator skin files
fil tht
and resource files.
you want to use. Once your application is
• It will even export your project into a signed
running on the emulator, it can use the
APK, which can be distributed to users.
services of the Android platform to invoke
other applications, access the network, play
Emulator: audio and video, store and retrieve data, notify
the user, and render graphical transitions and
The Android SDK includes a mobile
themes.
device emulator -- a virtual mobile device that
runs on your computer. The emulator lets you The emulator also includes a variety of debug
prototype, develop, and test Android capabilities, such as a console from which you
applications without using a physical dev
device. can log kernel output, simulate application
interrupts (such as arriving SMS messages or
phone calls), and simulate latency effects and
dropouts
opouts on the data channel.

Emulator Limitations:
• No support for placing or receiving actual
phone calls. You can simulate phone calls
(placed and received) through the emulator
console, however.
• No support for USB connections
• No support for camera/video capture (input).
• No support for device-attached
attached headphones
The Android emulator mimics all of the typical • No support for determining connected state
hardware and software features of a typical • No support for determining battery charge
mobile
bile device, except that it can
cannot receive or level and AC charging state
place actual phone calls. It provides a variety
• No support for determining SD card 1. Browser: Successfully made a
insert/eject browser that would OMIT the HTML
• No support for Bluetooth tags and renders information without
Coding in any form. Browser is
efficient, fast and light.
DrawDroid: 2. Calcy: Developed a Mobile Calculator

It is a simply Java application to using Android. Can implement all

design a GUI for any android application. It Arithmetic functions which are

contains large number of widgets, layouts, possible with the modern World

buttons and all that we need to make a well- Scientific Calculator

fledge android app. Through drag and drop, 3. GPS status: Made an application

we can design the layout and in back end it will which specifies the GPS coordinates

generate the xml code which we can use of the Android Phone and now Android

directly in any particular application. can be used as a effective device for a

variety of applications.

Market Analysis:

While Google are keeping the exact

download statistics private, mobile advertising
network Medialets have been doing some data
analysis of their own and have publicised
some approximate figures and trends for the
Android Market's first weekend.
Interesting Apps in market:
Here a rundown of the statistics Medialets
1. ASE have published:
2. Barcode Scanner
3. Notepad • 167 Apps have been downloaded between
4. GPS Status 2 667,000 and 2.9 Million times.
5. I-Jetty • Downloads are being driven by 41 apps,
6. Nimbuzz which account for between 73% and 83%
7. OI File Manager of all possible downloads.
8. Opera Mini Browser • Two applications, Pac-Man by Namco and
9. Telnet The Weather channel generated the most
10. Terminal Emulator downloads (50,000 - 250,000).
• Although download ranges can be very
large, growth on the low-end was still
Application that we developed:
nearly 80% during the first week.
• 5 Categories account for 61% of all apps.
• The number of apps has nearly tripled
since launch, led by the Games, Tools and
Productivity categories.
Future Ideas:
• GPS Status: Can be used for keeping a
track of the Vehicles(Can be used by
transport agencies),Can be used for
keeping a track of trains, Military
operations, Finding the shortest distance,
Finding location on a Map.
It can be integrated using Google Maps
and can find use in a number of
applications.
• Browser for Data Encryption-Could be
used for Security Purposes Customized
Browser that may render Application
Specific information from a given coded
HTML Light and faster browser which is
the need of the hour considering limited
resources in Mobile phones
• Embedding with Google wave: The
Information sharing that we are talking of
deals with: Internships, Project
Associates, Sponsors, Guides, Colleges
(their feedbacks and placements),
Coaching, Schools, Exams, Results,
Scholarships, Awards, Placements, Job
Profiles, Job Feedbacks, Competitive
Exams and their Scope, Right approach
towards preparation, Counselling, Good
Books and Study material etc.

References:
1. http://developer.android.com
2. http://wikipedia.com
3. http://android.com/market
4. http://androidapps.com