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Crytography

This document provides an overview of cryptography including its history, objectives, applications, components, terminology, aspects, and types. Cryptography is the science of securing communication and information. It ensures confidentiality, integrity, and authentication of digital information. Modern cryptography relies on mathematics and uses symmetric-key, asymmetric-key, and digital signature techniques to encrypt and decrypt messages securely.

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Sonia Agrawal
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101 views21 pages

Crytography

This document provides an overview of cryptography including its history, objectives, applications, components, terminology, aspects, and types. Cryptography is the science of securing communication and information. It ensures confidentiality, integrity, and authentication of digital information. Modern cryptography relies on mathematics and uses symmetric-key, asymmetric-key, and digital signature techniques to encrypt and decrypt messages securely.

Uploaded by

Sonia Agrawal
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Guided By Submitted By

Mr. Sidharth Sir Rahul Sonkhiya


www.powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com
• INTODUCTION
• HISTORY
• OBEJECTIVE & OVERVIEW
• APPLICATIONS
• CRYPTOGRAPHY COMPONENTS
• TERMINOLOGY
• ASPECTS
• TYPES OF CRYPTOGRAPHY
• ADVANTAGES
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
• Cryptography is the science of
information security.
• The word is derived from the
Greek kryptos, meaning hidden.
• Cryptography includes techniques
such as microdots, merging words
with images, and other ways to
hide information in storage or
transit.
• Confidentiality:- the information cannot be understood
by anyone for whom it was unintended.
• Integrity :-the information cannot be altered in storage
or transit between sender and intended receiver without
the alteration being detected.
• Authentication :-the sender and receiver can confirm
each others identity and the origin/destination of the
information.
Overview of Cryptography & Its
Applications
• People wants and needs privacy and security while
communicating.

• In the past, cryptography is heavily used for military


applications to keep sensitive information secret from
enemies (adversaries).

• Nowadays, with the technologic progress as our


dependency on electronic systems has increased we need
more sophisticated techniques.

• Cryptography provides most of the methods and techniques


for a secure communication
Cryptography components

6
• Encryption – It is a process of changing or
converting normal text or data information into
gibberish text.

• Decryption – It is a process of changing or


converting gibberish text back to correct
message or data by using encryption method.
Terminology
Cryptology : All-inclusive term used for the study of secure
communication over non-secure channels.

Cryptography : The process of designing systems to realize


secure communications over non-secure channels.

Cryptoanalysis : The discipline of breaking the cryptographic


systems.

Coding Theory : Deals with representing the information


using codes. It covers compression, secrecy, and
error correction.
The Aspects of Cryptography
• Modern cryptography heavily depends on mathematics and
the usage of digital systems.

• It is a inter-disciplinary study of basically three fields:


Mathematics
Computer Science
Electrical Engineering

• Without having a complete understanding of crypto analysis


(or cryptoanalytic techniques) it is impossible to design
good (secure, unbreakable) cryptographic systems.

• It makes use of other disciplines such as error-correcting codes


compression.
Categories of cryptography

10
• A single common encryption key is used to
encode and decode messages.
• Both sender and receiver must know the
common key.
• The common key need to be exchanged
before hand by some other secure method.
• Symmetric encryption is simple and fast.
• But - key management is impractical with
large number of senders and receivers.

11
Symmetric-key cryptography

11
Asymmetric-key cryptography

• Asymmetric system under, which two different


keys are used to encrypt and decrypt the
message or received data packet.
• On public key is used to encrypt the data or
message and the private key on receiving end
is used to decrypt the message or data
packet.
• Each user has a Public key and a
corresponding Private (secret) key

12
Asymmetric-key cryptography
Keys used in cryptography
• Sender”sign” messages by means of his
private secret key.
• Recipient verify the senders signature by
means of the senders public key.
• The senders identity is certified by means of
a”Certificate” which is digitally signed by a
trusted third party.
• public-key cryptography Increased security
and convenience.
• public-key cryptography is best suited for an
open multi-user environment.
• Symmetric encryption is simple and fast.
• cryptography = physics + Information
theory

• Information is physical.

• Information gain implies disturbances.

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