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    Kinematics of Fluid: Uniform Flow

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    Husam Mustafa Mohamed
    This document discusses different types of fluid flow kinematics. It defines uniform and non-uniform flow, as well as steady and unsteady flow. Laminar and turbulent flows are also classified based on their mixing processes. Path lines show the direction of a particle's velocity over time, while streamlines show the mean direction of particles at an instant. Acceleration in fluid flows has normal and tangential components that depend on the rate of change of velocity with respect to position and time.

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    Kinematics of Fluid: Uniform Flow

    Uploaded by

    Husam Mustafa Mohamed
    128 views5 pages
    This document discusses different types of fluid flow kinematics. It defines uniform and non-uniform flow, as well as steady and unsteady flow. Laminar and turbulent flows are also classified based on their mixing processes. Path lines show the direction of a particle's velocity over time, while streamlines show the mean direction of particles at an instant. Acceleration in fluid flows has normal and tangential components that depend on the rate of change of velocity with respect to position and time.

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    Lecture_11_-_Fluid_Kinematics

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    This document discusses different types of fluid flow kinematics. It defines uniform and non-uniform flow, as well as steady and unsteady flow. Laminar and turbulent flows are also classified based on their mixing processes. Path lines show the direction of a particle's velocity over time, while streamlines show the mean direction of particles at an instant. Acceleration in fluid flows has normal and tangential components that depend on the rate of change of velocity with respect to position and time.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    128 views5 pages

    Kinematics of Fluid: Uniform Flow

    Uploaded by

    Husam Mustafa Mohamed
    This document discusses different types of fluid flow kinematics. It defines uniform and non-uniform flow, as well as steady and unsteady flow. Laminar and turbulent flows are also classified based on their mixing processes. Path lines show the direction of a particle's velocity over time, while streamlines show the mean direction of particles at an instant. Acceleration in fluid flows has normal and tangential components that depend on the rate of change of velocity with respect to position and time.

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    Kinematics of Fluid

    Lecture 11

    Flow Patterns
    V
     Uniform flow 0
    s

    V
     Non-uniform flow s  0

    V
     Steady flow 0
    t
    V
     Unsteady flow t  0

    1
    Fluid Flow Classifications
    Laminar & Turbulent Flows
     Characterised by respective mixing
    processes
     A turbulent flow has significant mixing
    throughout the flow-field, caused by
    eddies within flow
     A laminar flow is devoid of such intense
    mixing and eddies and is much smoother
     Particularly important for boundary layers
    and fully-developed pipe flows (see later)

    Laminar vs Turbulent Flow


     Laminar  Turbulent

    2
    Path Lines & Streamlines
     A path line is the trace made by a
    single particle over a period of time
     It shows the direction of a particle’s
    velocity at successive instants of time
     A streamline shows the mean
    direction of a number of particles at
    a particular instant in time
     Path lines and streamlines are
    identical in a steady fluid flow

    Streamlines
     Lines drawn in flow with velocity vectors
    tangential to them at all points
     Can be no flow across streamline
     Streamline pattern fixed for steady flow

    3
    Streamlines – Flow Examples

    Stream Tube
     A 3-D envelope containing a bundle
    of streamlines
     A stream filament is a stream tube
    with a cross-sectional area
    sufficiently small for the velocity to
    be constant across any section

    4
    Acceleration
     Acceleration = rate of change of
    velocity
     Components:
     Normal – changing direction
     Tangential – changing speed

     
    V  V ( s , t )e t
     
     dV dV 
    a 
    de
    et  V t dV V V
    V 
    dt dt dt dt s t

    de t V 
     en
    dt r
     V V  V 2 
    a  (V  )et  en
    s t r

    Acceleration
           
     Cartesian coordinates V  ui  vj  wk a  axi  a y j  az k

    du u dx u dy u dz u u u u u
    ax      . u  v w
    dt x dt y dt z dt t x y z t
    dv v dx v dy v dz v v v v v
    ay      . u  v w
    dt x dt y dt z dt t x y z t
    dw w dx w dy w dz w w w w w
    az      . u v w
    dt x dt y dt z dt t x y z t

    Convective Local

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