IS-3 RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT 102010 Final Exam 1

1. A unit used to express the exposure an individual receives is the:

a. Rem/hr
b. Roentgen
c. Curie
d. Rad

2. The rem is a unit used to measure:

a. Radiation exposure
b. Radiation dose in terms of the amount of energy absorbed
c. Radiation dose in terms of the amount of the biological effect caused by the amount of energy
absorbed
d. Radioactivity

3. Because of its low penetrating ability, the type of radiation which is usually only a hazard
when inhaled
or ingested is:
a. Alpha radiation
b. Beta radiation
c. Gamma radiation
d. Neutron radiation

4. Which of the following is an example of proper units for expressing exposure rate?
a. Hr/R
b. R/hr
c. Hr:R
d. r:hr

5. Cosmic radiation and radiation from terrestrial sources are examples of:
a. Natural background radiation
b. Natural man-made radiation
c. Industrial sources of radiation
d. Radioactive sources used in the medical field

6. An example of a man-made source of radiation is:

a. Terrestrial sources
b. Cosmic radiation
c. Diagnostic radiation
d. Potassium-40 in the human body

7. The three factors which are important in protecting individuals from radiation are:
a. Time, shielding, and dose rate
b. Dose rate, time, and gender
c. Time, shielding, and distance
d. Distance, time, and dose rate

IS-3 RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT 102010 Final Exam 2

8. Radiation received by the body over a short period is:

a. Chronic exposure
b. Sublethal exposure
c. Acute exposure
d. Supralethal exposure

9. Chronic exposures are:

a. Amounts of radiation received over a short period of time
b. Amounts of radiation received over a very long period of time
c. Acute exposures which affect only critical organs of the body
d. Acute exposures which affect all parts of the body

10. Radioactive decay is defined as:

a. The decrease in the amount of any radioactive material due to the spontaneous emission of
nuclear radiation from the nucleus
b. The decomposition of radioactive atoms due to lengthy exposure to direct sunlight
c. The gradual decrease in the number of radioactive atoms in radioactive material due to
spontaneous fission
d. The decline in the strength of a radioactive source due to the combined effects of time,
distance, and shielding

11. The key elements of emergency management are , Response, Recovery and,
Mitigation.
a. Removal
b. Preparedness
c. Measurement
d. Employment

12. The majority of radioactive material shipments are made in this type of packaging.
a. Type A
b. Type B
c. Limited Quantity
d. Industrial

13. Type B packages must be able to meet Type A requirements and also withstand the effects of
______________________ conditions?
a. Higher radiation
b. Accident
c. Higher weight
d. Faster transportation speed

IS-3 RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT 102010 Final Exam 3

14. The label required for radioactive material packages with a maximum dose rate of 200 mR/hr
at the surface of the package is:
a. Radioactive Yellow-II
b. Radioactive Yellow III
c. Radioactive White I

15. The label required for radioactive material packages in excess of 50 mr/hr (.5 mSv/hr) but less
than 200 mr/hr is:
a. Radioactive Yellow-I
b. Radioactive Yellow-II
c. Radioactive Yellow-III
16. To determine the amount of radioactive material in a package of radioactive materials, you
would look at the:
a. Placard
b. Label
c. Package type

17. The distinctive symbol used to identify radioactive materials is the:

a. Diamond
b. Tri-blade
c. White square

18. Unbroken radioactive material packages never have a surface radiation dose above this level:
a. 50 mR/hr
b. 100 mR/hr
c. 500 mR/hr
d. 1,000 mR/hr

19. A member of the public should give lifesaving first aid to injured victims of a radiological
transportation accident:
a. Without delay out of concern for radiological hazards
b. After verifying that no radioactive material packages have broken open
c. After isolating the area
d. Immediately after notifying the appropriate authorities

20. In the United States, serious radiation exposures:

a. Have not resulted from radiological transportation accidents due largely to the nature of the
material transported and the use of appropriate protective packaging
b. Have resulted from improper labeling of radioactive material shipments
c. Have resulted from improper packaging of radioactive material shipments
d. Frequently result from radioactive transportation accidents due to the large number of such
shipments

IS-3 RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT 102010 Final Exam 4

21. In every nuclear power plant that generates electricity, the following components are present:
a. Heat source, steam generator, cooling tower
b. Heat source, turbine electricity generator, and pump
c. Turbine electricity generator, pump, cooling tower
d. Pump, steam generator, cooling tower

22. A chain reaction results when a uranium atom is struck by released by a nearby
uranium atom undergoing fission.
a. Electron
b. Proton
c. Gamma ray
d. Neutron

23. The three main barriers in a nuclear power plant to prevent release of fission products are the
fuel rods, the reactor vessel, and the ________________________.
a. Secondary coolant system
b. Containment building
c. Condensor
d. Control rods

24. To prevent fuel damage, decay heat must be removed from the reactor core:
a. Until the reactor shuts down
b. After the reactor shuts down
c. Until the primary coolant system is activated

25. Control rods are used in a reactor core to:

a. Absorb free neutronsin
b. Are a source of free neutrons which are used to cause fission
c. Encase the nuclear fuel

26. In a pressurized water- reactor the primary cooling water:

a. Boils in the core and is used to turn the turbine
b. Evaporates to the atmosphere using a cooling tower
c. Transfers its heat to the secondary cooling water in a steam generator

27. A large modern nuclear power plant has approximately fuel assemblies in its core.
a. 100
b. 50
c. 200
d. 500

IS-3 RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT 102010 Final Exam 5

28. Nuclear power plant emergency plans are required to incorporate actions for which of the
following types of radiological hazards?
a. Direct exposure to radiation from a plume of radioactive material
b. Blast effects
c. Fallout

29. In a , a major failure has occurred, but an immediate response by the

public is not needed.
a. General Emergency
b. Site Area Emergency
c. Alert
d. Unusual Event

30. If evacuation is required following a nuclear power plant accident, it is recommended that
individuals living anywhere closer than miles be evacuated.
a. 2 to 3
b. 3 to 5
c. 5 to 10
d. 15

31. A detonation of a nuclear explosive above 100,000 feet of altitude is called ______________.
a. An air burst
b. A high-altitude burst
c. A sub-cosmic burst
d. A surface burst

32. Nuclear explosions can be of times more powerful than the largest conventional
weapon.
a. Hundreds
b. Thousands
c. Millions
d. Billions

33. The total energy released in a nuclear explosion, is the explosions:

a. Thermal energy
b. Blast
c. Energy yield
d. Nuclear energy

IS-3 RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT 102010 Final Exam 6

34. The immediate destructive action of a nuclear explosion is caused by this.

a. Heat
b. Radiation
c. Shock
d. Dust

35. A nuclear explosion which releases energy equivalent to 7,000,000 tons of TNT:
a. Is called a 7 kiloton burst
b. Has an energy yield of 7 kilotons
c. Is called a 7 megaton burst
d. Has a thermal energy release of 7 million kilograms

36. Just as in an emergency resulting from a nuclear power accident, the three most important
ways of reducing the radiation exposure from fallout from a nuclear weapon are:
a. Time, shelter, and gender
b. Dose rate, distance, and time
c. Dose rate, distance, and shielding
d. Time, distance, and shielding

37. Radioactive fallout makes the surface it comes into contact with radioactive. (True or False?)
a. True
b. False

38. Radiological survey instruments:

a. Will not be very reliable after a nuclear detonation because of weak batteries and no sure way
of checking the strength of those batteries
b. Will give just an approximate answer which will need to be corrected using the "7: l0 Rule of
Thumb"
c. Are the most accurate and reliable means of determining exposure levels
d. Will be very reliable following a nuclear detonation since they usually use AC line current

39. According to the "7:10 Rule of Thumb," if the exposure rate one hour after detonation of a
nuclear weapon is 500 R/hr, the exposure rate approximately 14 days later (343 hours) will be
approximately:
a. 50 R/hr
b. 5 R/hr
c. 0.5 R/hr
d. 0.05 R/hr

40. The 7:10 Rule of Thumb:

a. Is 100 percent accurate
b. Helps estimate future exposure levels
c. Is more reliable than radiological survey instrument readings
d. Is accurate to within +10 percent

IS-3 RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT 102010 Final Exam 7

41. Everyone is exposed to radiation on a continuing basis from either or sources.

a. Uranium, thorium
b. Radon, uranium
c. Natural, man-made
d. Terrestrial, extra-terrestrial

42. Radiation that individuals are exposed to on a continuing basis which is considered non life-
threatening is also known as this kind of radiation?
a. Cosmic
b. Intrinsic
c. Background
d. Uneventful

43. Just under half of man’s exposure to external natural radiation comes from?
a. Radon
b. Cosmic radiation
c. Rocks
d. Food

44. Radon dose comes primarily from its daughter products which are ?
a. Ingested
b. Counted
c. Inhaled
d. Touched

45. The two radionuclides which concentrate in seafood are:

a. Lead and mercury
b. Thorium and mercury
c. Lead and polonium
d. Polonium and mercury

46. By far, the radionuclide used in most nuclear medicine procedures is:
a. Carbon-14
b. Strontium-90
c. Technicium-99m
d. Cobalt-60

IS-3 RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT 102010 Final Exam 8

47. Nuclear medicine techniques work through the detection of this kind of radiation, injected
into the body by adding a radioisotope to a certain drug:
a. Alpha particles
b. X-rays
c. Gamma-rays
d. Neutrons

48. Cancerous tumor cells can be treated by high energy or _____________________________.

a. Neutrons, alpha particles
b. Neutrons, electrons
c. Gamma rays, X-rays
d. Gamma rays, neutrons

49. Most debris from a nuclear weapons test:

a. Fell immediately
b. Was pushed into the troposhere
c. Was pushed into the stratosphere
d. Disintegrated

50. Many smoke detectors contain:

a. Americium-241
b. Carbon-14
c. Strontium-90
d. Iodine