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    ffb411 ADAPTATIONS FISHERIES

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    joshigauta
    This document summarizes morphological adaptations of fish living in different habitats. It describes adaptations seen in hill stream fish like flattened bodies and reduced scales. It also discusses adaptations of marine epipelagic fish with streamlined bodies and large eyes, shoaling fish which school together, and deep sea fish with reduced eyes and bioluminescent organs. Adaptations allow fish to survive in their specific habitats with characteristics like body shape, fins, eyes, and light-emitting organs evolving for conditions like fast-moving water, low light, or schooling behavior.

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    ffb411 ADAPTATIONS FISHERIES

    Uploaded by

    joshigauta
    2K views6 pages
    This document summarizes morphological adaptations of fish living in different habitats. It describes adaptations seen in hill stream fish like flattened bodies and reduced scales. It also discusses adaptations of marine epipelagic fish with streamlined bodies and large eyes, shoaling fish which school together, and deep sea fish with reduced eyes and bioluminescent organs. Adaptations allow fish to survive in their specific habitats with characteristics like body shape, fins, eyes, and light-emitting organs evolving for conditions like fast-moving water, low light, or schooling behavior.

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    This document summarizes morphological adaptations of fish living in different habitats. It describes adaptations seen in hill stream fish like flattened bodies and reduced scales. It also discusses adaptations of marine epipelagic fish with streamlined bodies and large eyes, shoaling fish which school together, and deep sea fish with reduced eyes and bioluminescent organs. Adaptations allow fish to survive in their specific habitats with characteristics like body shape, fins, eyes, and light-emitting organs evolving for conditions like fast-moving water, low light, or schooling behavior.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    2K views6 pages

    ffb411 ADAPTATIONS FISHERIES

    Uploaded by

    joshigauta
    This document summarizes morphological adaptations of fish living in different habitats. It describes adaptations seen in hill stream fish like flattened bodies and reduced scales. It also discusses adaptations of marine epipelagic fish with streamlined bodies and large eyes, shoaling fish which school together, and deep sea fish with reduced eyes and bioluminescent organs. Adaptations allow fish to survive in their specific habitats with characteristics like body shape, fins, eyes, and light-emitting organs evolving for conditions like fast-moving water, low light, or schooling behavior.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    Objective : Study of morphological adaptation of fish in different habitat

    Adaptation of Hill stream fishes:


    eg. Glyptothorax, Glyptosternum, Pseudochenies, L. dero, L. dyocheilus,
    Gara gotyla, Schizothorax, Barilius.Nemocheilus and Tor sp.
    External shape & form of body:
    Generally a dorsoventrally flattened body which becomes leaf like in
    highly specialized form. eg. Glyptothorax, Pseudocheneis and Gara
    gotyla. Head is small in size & semi-circular.
    Scales
    Minute and embedded in skin, eg. Schizothorax & Nemacheilus. In some
    species small scales present on dorsal and lateral side of body and
    absent on ventral side due to presence of adhesive organ.
    Position of mouth & lips:
    • Mouth is usually shifted to ventral side of snout and not transverse
    opening at the anterior end.
    • Mouth is semicircular or crescent shaped having thick lips and strong
    jaws for scrapping food from the bottom.
    Barbels:
    Size is reduced, short and stumpy in nature and they provide additional
    surface for attachment to stones ad rocks.
    Fins:
    Outer edge of fins become thick, flat and develop ridges, while inner rays
    increase in number and are directed upward.
    Position of fin also changed, shifted outward along the sides of the body.
    Caudal fin and peduncle is long and narrow to become stable in fast
    flowing water. In everal species lower lobe of caudal fin longer than
    upper one.
    Eyes:
    Eyes are reduced in size and situated on upper surface of head close to
    each other, eg. Glyptothorax and Pseudocheneis sp.
    Gills:
    Gill slits are reduced in size and present along the sides of body. They
    are not extended beyond the base of pectoral.
    Adhesive apparatus:
    Adhesive apparatus is the modification of skin surrounding mouth. It is
    present in form of disc located posterior to mouth. It consists of a
    central callous plate. It works as an efficient organ of adhesion based
    on suction principle.
    Adaptation in marine fishes:
    Epipelagic- Mackerrel, Sardine, Herrings etc.
    These are found near surface of water, streamlined body which is
    laterally compressed with well developed fins to facilitate fast and
    easy movement in the vast horizontal extend and to the large
    distance of the ocean.
    Prominent eyes with well developed perforated gills.
    Adaptation of Shoaling fishes:
    All of these are small sized fishes. They are uniformly spaced and
    oriented in the common direction. When they are in shoal they
    seems to respire slowly, eat more and exhibit less nervous
    behaviour.
    Adaptation to mesopelagic fishes
    eg. Myctophid, stomiatoid, Parclepis, Melamphes sp.
    These fishes live in dim lighted zone and migrate to surface at night in
    searh of food. During day these fishes return to mesopelagic zone
    leading an active life. Well developed muscular body with scales. Eye
    are large and some species possess tubular eye directed upward and
    foreword. Some species possess photophores in their ventral region
    which shows bioluminescence. Small mouth with fine gill racker in
    plankton feeder, large mouth with teeth in carnivorous species. These
    fishes silvery grey or deep black in colour.

    Deep sea fishes


    Malacosteus, Cyclothane (Bristle mouth), Saccopharynx (Gulpen
    eel), Linophryne (Angler fish), Myctophium (lantern fish).
    Dark black or colourless or dirty white, bottom fishes. Very
    small eyes or they lack eyes, compensated by long fin rays. Well
    developed lateral line system.
    Mouth of deep sea water fishes is large with long and pointed
    teeth. Body totally flattened.
    Phenomenon of larger size with increasing depth is called as abysal
    gigentism. Bioluminescence organ are located in the head and along the
    ventral and lateral side of the body. Large luminescent organs are present
    below the eye in Photoblepharon. Large no. of photophores are present
    along the lateral line in Porichthys (toad fish). In the latern fish
    myctophium luminescent organs are located along the fin rays.

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