Solid Rocket Propulsion Fundamentals

A Vision For a Comprehensive Textbook

By
Robert Geisler, January 2003
Solid Rocket Propulsion Fundamentals
The Plan

• Objective
• Write A Comprehensive, Balanced, and Concise
Fundamental Core Textbook Connected to a Series of
Monographs
• Scope
• Fundamentals From Design to Manufacture
• Approach:
• Both a Physical and Electronic Text Hot-Linked to
Supporting Monographs
• Resources: TBD
• Schedule: TBD
 The Competition
Kruse (2002) Course Salita (2002) Sutton/Ross Solids (1976) Shorr & Zaehringer (1967) Davenas ((1993)
Proposed on Fundamentals of Solid Short-Course on Propulsion and Rocket Propulsion Elements Solid Rocket Technology Solid Rocket Propulsion
Propellant Rocket Motors Aerodynamics for Solid- Technology
Textbook Propellant Rockets
Solid Rocket Motor Overview Fundamental Concepts Introduction Definitions and Fundamentals Propulsion Elements for Solid
Rocket Motors
NOT COVERED Internal Ballistics
Thrust & Isp
SF Ramjets and Ramrockets
Solid Rocket Motor Design Thrust of a Rocket Motor Internal Ballistics Motor Design Combstion and Intenal
Requirements Definition Momentum & Pressure Thrust Combustion Internal Ballistics Ballistics of Motors
Internal Ballistics Analysis Optimum Expansion Most of the Rest is Combustion Steady-State Combustion
Design for Optimum Density/Isp Nozzle Divergence Losses NOT COVERED Most of the Rest is
Component Sel Two-Phase-Flow Losses NOT COVERED
_________________________ NOT COVERED
Propellant Propellant Burning Rate Propellant Generation: Propellant: Propellant Chemistry Families and Use of Solid
Determination of Requirements Mechanism Formulation, Mixing, Casting Formulation Propellants
Tailor Propellant Formulation Heat Feedback __________________________ Processing Missiles and Space Launchers
Ballistic & Combustion Char. Types of Solid Propellants Propellant Combustion (two- Toxicity Artillery
Mechanical Property Meas. Formulation Variable Effects phase thermochemical equilibrium Gas Generators Gas Generators
Pe Measur and non-equilibrium, droplet sizes, ___________________ Igniters
instability) Propellant Burning Rate:
Propellant Grain Design Solid Propellant Grain Design Grain Design: Grain Structural Analysis Solid Propellant Grain Design
Ballistic Design Structural Loads Ballistics Ballistic Grain Design
Structural Design Propellant Properties Structural Analysis Structural Grain Design
Effect of Polymer Properties NOT COVERED Grain Reliability
Time, Rate & Temp. Effects
Failure Criteria
Motor Case Design
Composite or Metal
Presure Vessel Design NOT COVERED NOT COVERED NOT COVERED NOT COVERED NOT COVERED
Flight Load Estimate
 The Competition (Continued)

Kruse (2002) Course Salita (2002) Sutton/Ross Solids (1976) Shorr & Zaehringer (1967) Davenas ((1993)
Proposed on Fundamentals of Solid Short-Course on Propulsion and Rocket Propulsion Elements Solid Rocket Technology Solid Rocket Propulsion
Propellant Rocket Motors Aerodynamics for Solid- Technology
Textbook Propellant Rockets
Thermal Insulation Material Erosion: Thermal Insulation
Liners and Inhibitors surface thermochemistry, heat Liners and Inhibitors
Materials & Properties NOT COVERED conduction and material ablation, NOT COVERED NOT COVERED Materials & Properties
Processing closed-form solutions Processing
Typical Compositions Typical Compositions
Nozzle Design Nozzle Flow Nozzle Flow Analysis: Nozzle Theory & Thrust Vector Control
Entrance-Throat-Exit Cone Nozzle Gas Flow geometric description, optimization, Thermodynamic Relatonis Most of the Rest is
Thermal/Structural Analysis Role of the Nozzle startup, 1D vs 2D, equilibrium vs
Material Selection/Properties Governing Equations kinetic, (SPP) NOT COVERED NOT COVERED
Thrust Vector Control Convergent-Divergent nozzles
Test-Evaluation-Scale Gas Flow in Nozzles
___
Igniter Design Motor Ignition Propellant Ignition: Components: Ignition
Pyrotechnic Ignition Process Grain Preheating Igniters
Pyrogen Conservation Equations Ignition Criteria Case
Ignition Delay Deterrmination Ignition Delay Flame Spreading Thrust Termination System NOT COVERED
dp/dt Extinguishment Ignition Flow Mode Nozzle
Thrust Vector Control
Motor Manufacturing Propellant Formulation and Motor Manufacturing
Tooling Manufacture
Case Fabrication and Proof Formulation and Performance
Case Prep & Insulation Polymer/Plasticizer Binders NOT COVERED NOT COVERED NOT COVERED
Propellant C Fuel Additives
Oxidizers
Low Observable Propel
Motor Demonstration Plume Signaure Analysis: Static Testing Hazards of Solid Rocket
Performance/Static Test simplified model that emulates Sea Level Motors
Observables SPURC and SIRRM2) Altitude ____________________
Structural Inst., Pc, F, TC Accel, Strain Isp Prediction &
Hazards Exhaust Plumes: Measurement
____________________
Plume, Signal Inteference
and Plume Signature
Solid Rocket Propulsion Fundamentals
Contents Summary
• Chapter 1: Solid Rocket Motor Overview
• Chapter 2: Solid Rocket Motor Design
• Chapter 3: Propellant
• Chapter 4: Propellant Grain Design
• Chapter 5: Motor Case Design
• Chapter 6: Thermal Insulation
• Chapter 7: Nozzle Design
• Chapter 8: Igniter Design
• Chapter 9: Motor Manufacturing
• Chapter 10:Motor Demonstration
Solid Rocket Propulsion Fundamentals
Chapter 1

• Solid Rocket Motor Overview

• General Principles
• Applications
• Tactical
• Strategic
• Space
• Multi-Disciplinary
• Requirements
Solid Rocket Propulsion Fundamentals
Chapter 2

 Solid Rocket Motor Design

• Requirements Definition
• Internal Ballistics Analysis
• Design for Optimum Density/Isp
• Component Selection
• Design for Combustion Stability
• Motor /Stage V Optimization
Solid Rocket Propulsion Fundamentals
Chapter 3

 Propellant
• Determination of Requirements
• Tailor Propellant Formulation
• Ballistic & Combustion Evaluation
• Mechanical Property Measurement
• Performance Evaluation
• Hazards Determination
Solid Rocket Propulsion Fundamentals
Chapter 4

 Propellant Grain Design

• Ballistic Design
• Structural Design
Solid Rocket Propulsion Fundamentals
Chapter 5

 Motor Case Design

• Composite or Metal
• Pressure Vessel Design
• Flight Load Estimate
Solid Rocket Propulsion Fundamentals
Chapter 6

 Thermal Insulation
• Liners and Inhibitors
• Materials & Properties
• Processing
• Typical Compositions
Solid Rocket Propulsion Fundamentals
Chapter 7

 Nozzle Design
• Entrance-Throat-Exit Cone
• Thermal/Structural Analysis
• Material Selection/Properties
• Thrust Vector Control
• Test-Evaluation-Scale
Solid Rocket Propulsion Fundamentals
Chapter 8

 Igniter Design
• Pyrotechnic
• Pyrogen
• Ignition Delay Determination
Solid Rocket Propulsion Fundamentals
Chapter 9

 Motor Manufacturing
• Tooling
• Case Fab., Proof, Prep, & Insulation
• Propellant Cast, Cure, Trim
• Nozzle/Exit Cone Fabrication
• Nozzle/Exit Cone & TVA Assembly
• Final Motor Assembly NDT, Acceptance
Solid Rocket Propulsion Fundamentals
Chapter 10

 Motor Demonstration
• Performance/Static Test
• Observables
• Structural
• Hazards
• Surveillance and Aging
• Cost & Materials Sustainability
• Environmental Safety
• Ultimate Demilitarization