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History of Computer: Narendra Chand Bba 1 Semester ROLL NO 15166 Submmited To Miss Neena Gupta

This document provides an overview of the history and components of computers. It discusses how computers have evolved through 5 generations from the first vacuum tube computers in the 1940s to today's artificial intelligence-based devices. The core components of a computer - the input, output, central processing, and memory units - are also described. Input devices accept data and convert it to binary, the CPU directs operations, and output devices convert binary signals back to human-understandable formats. Each generation brought improvements like transistors, integrated circuits, microprocessors, and parallel processing.

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Dhiraj Kumar
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28 views

History of Computer: Narendra Chand Bba 1 Semester ROLL NO 15166 Submmited To Miss Neena Gupta

This document provides an overview of the history and components of computers. It discusses how computers have evolved through 5 generations from the first vacuum tube computers in the 1940s to today's artificial intelligence-based devices. The core components of a computer - the input, output, central processing, and memory units - are also described. Input devices accept data and convert it to binary, the CPU directs operations, and output devices convert binary signals back to human-understandable formats. Each generation brought improvements like transistors, integrated circuits, microprocessors, and parallel processing.

Uploaded by

Dhiraj Kumar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HISTORY OF COMPUTER

NARENDRA
CHAND
BBA 1ST SEMESTER
ROLL NO 15166
SUBMMITED TO

MISS NEENA GUPTA


ABOUUT COMPUTER
 A COMPUTER IS AN ELECTONIC DEVICE
THAT CAN PERFORM A VARIETY OF
OPERATIONS IN ACCORDANCE WITH A
SET OF INSTRUCTION CALLED PROGRAM.

 COMPUTER CAN ACCESS AND PROCESS


DATA MILLIONS OF TIME FASTER THAN
HUMANS CAN .
 A COMPUTER CAN STORE DATA AND
INFORMATION IN ITS MEMORY ,PROCES
THEM AND PRODUCE THE DESIRED
RESULTS.
CHARACTERSTICK’S OF
COMPUTER

 SPEED
 HIGH STORAGE CAPACITY
 ACCURACY
 RELIABILITY
 VERSATILITY
COMPONENTS OF A
COMPUTER
CENTRAL OUTPUT
INPUT PROCESSING
UNIT UNIT
UNIT(CPU)

MAIN MEMORY
INPUT UNIT
 THE INPUT UNIT IS FORMED BY THE INPUT
DEVICES ATTACHED TO THE COMPUTER.

 EXAMPLES OF THE INPUT DEVICES ARE


( KEYBOARD, MOUCE , MICR , OPTICAL
MARK READER , OCR , JOYSTICKS ETC.

 THE INPUT UNIT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR


TAKING INPUT AND CONVERTING IT INTO
COMPUTER UNDERSTANDABLE FORM i.e
(BINARY CODE).
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
 THE CPU IS THE CONTROL UNIT FOR THE
COMPUTER.
IT GUIDES , DIRECTS AND GOVERNS ITS
PERFORMANCE.
IT IS THE BRAIN OF THE COMPUTER.
 THE CPU HAS TWO COMPONENTS WHICH ARE
RESPONSIBLE FOR DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS
THESE TWO COMPONENTS ARE CONTROL
UNIT(CU) AND ARITHMATIC LOGICAL
UNIT(ALU).
OUTPUT UNIT
 THE OUTPUT UNIT IS FORMED BY THE
OUTPUT DEVICES ATTACHED TO THR
COMPUTER.
 THE OUTPUT COMING FROM THE CPU IS IN
THE FORM OF ELECTRONIC BINARY SIGNALS
WHICH NEEDS CONVERSION IN SOME FORM
WHICH CAN BE UNDERSTOODABLE BY
HUMAN BEINGS I.E CHARACTERS,
GRAPHICAL OR AUDIO VISUAL.
 SOME POPULAR OUTPUT DEVICES ARE VDU
(VISUAL DISPLAY UNIT), PRINTER, PLOTTER
ETC.
GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
 THE TERM GENERATION IS OFTEN USED
IN RELATION TO THE HARDWARE OF
THE COMPUTERS.

 EACH PHASE OF COMPUTER


DEVELOPMENT IS KNOWN AS A
SEPARATE GENERATION OF
COMPUTERS.
1ST GENERATION
COMPUTERS(1942-55)

 USED VACCUM TUBES(THERMIONIC


VALVES).
 MACHINE LANGUAGE WAS USED TO
GIVE FOR GIVING INSTRUCTIONS .
 USED THE CONCEPT OF STORED
PROGRAM.
 COMPUTERS OF THESE GENERATIONS
ARE ( ENIAC, EDVAC, EDSAC, UNIVAC-
1).
2ND GENERATION OF
COMPUTER(1956-64)
2ND GENERATION COMPUTERS(1956-64)

 USED TRANSISTORS INVENTED BY


BARDEEN, BRATTAIN AND SHOCKLEY
IN YR 1946.
 MAGNETIC CORES WERE USED FOR
STORAGE.
 THESE WERE TINY FERRITE RINGS
(0.02) IN DIAMETER .
3RD GENERATION COMPUTERS(1965-74)

 INTEGRATED CIRCUITS DEVELOPED.

 THE INTEGRATED CIRCUIT OR IC WAS


INVENTED BY JACK KILBY.

 SSI CIRCUITS WERE CONVERTED INTO MSI


CIRCUITS WITH 100 TRANSISTERS PER CHIP.

 SOME COMPUTERS OF THESE GENERATION’S


ARE ( IBM- 360 SERIES, HONEYWELL 6000).
4TH GENERATION
COMPUTERS(1975-89)

 MICROPROCESSOR CHIPS DEVELOPED.

 SEMICONDUCTOR MEMORIES REPLACED


MAGNETIC CORE MEMORIES

 HARD DISK ARE ALSO AVAILABLE UPTO 80 GB.

 MSI CIRCUITS YIELDED TO VLSI CIRCUITS


PACKING ABOUT 50,000 TRANSISTERS IN A
CHIP.
FIFTH GENERATION OF
COMPUTERS (1990- PRESENT)

 COMPUTING DEVICES ARE


BASED ON ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE.
 PARALLEL PROCESSING
END OF THE PROJECT

THANKING YOU FOR


YOUR COOPERATION

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