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Form 5:physics: Electricity

This document discusses key concepts in electricity including: 1) Bodies can be neutral, positively charged, or negatively charged depending on the relative numbers of protons and electrons. 2) Opposite charges attract while like charges repel. 3) Current is defined as the rate of flow of electric charge or electrons through a conductor. Its unit is the ampere. 4) The relationship between current, charge, and time is defined by the equation Q = I*t, where Q is charge in coulombs, I is current in amperes, and t is time in seconds.

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23 views

Form 5:physics: Electricity

This document discusses key concepts in electricity including: 1) Bodies can be neutral, positively charged, or negatively charged depending on the relative numbers of protons and electrons. 2) Opposite charges attract while like charges repel. 3) Current is defined as the rate of flow of electric charge or electrons through a conductor. Its unit is the ampere. 4) The relationship between current, charge, and time is defined by the equation Q = I*t, where Q is charge in coulombs, I is current in amperes, and t is time in seconds.

Uploaded by

leena08
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FORM 5 :PHYSICS

CHAPTER 2
ELECTRICITY
Electric Charge, Q

A body is neutral if the number of positive & negative


charges are the same

Positive charge , p = 1.6 x 10 -19 C

Negative charges, n = -1.6 x 10 -19 C

CHAP2: Electricity
Different Charge: Attract

+ -
+ -
CHAP2: Electricity
Same Charge: Repel

+ -
+ -
CHAP2: Electricity
CURRENT, I

Rate of the flow of negative charges or electrons


through a conductor
SI unit = Ampere (A)
1 C of charge is 6.25 x 1018 electrons

- -

- +
-Fixed atom
-Electron
CHAP2: Electricity
Relation of Q and I

Q
I  ( Ampere)
t
I – current, A
Q – electric charge, C
T – time , s

1A is the steady current that flow through a


conductor wire when a charge of 1 coulomb through
it in 1 s
CHAP2: Electricity
EXAMPLE 1

The lamp is lighted up for 3


minutes using a dry cells as shown in
figure above. If the ammeter shows a
reading of 0.2 A, find
a) the electric charge flowing through the lamp
b) the number of electron that flow through the lamp.
[1 C of charge = 6.25x1018 electron]
Solution:
a) Q = 36 c b) no. of ѐ= 2.25x1020

CHAP2: Electricity
ELECTRIC FIELD

An electric field is a region where an electric charge


experiences electric force

CHAP2: Electricity
CHAP2: Electricity
CHAP2: Electricity
CHAP2: Electricity
Potential difference, V= W/Q

The potential difference between two points is defined as the


work done to drive a unit charge through the points in an electric
field.

1 volt is the PD between 2 points if 1 C of charges flows through the


points and produces 1J of energy.

CHAP2: Electricity
Current vs. Voltage

CHAP2: Electricity
Ohm’s Law

The electric current, I passing


through an ohmic
conductor is directly
proportional to the potential
difference, V across the ends
of the conductor provided the
temperature and other
physical properties
remain constant. That is
VαI

CHAP2: Electricity
CHAP2: Electricity
Resistance, R = V/I

Ration of potential difference V across the conductor


to the current, I flowing through it

CHAP2: Electricity
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