This document summarizes the seven layers of the OSI model from top to bottom:
1. The Application layer identifies communication partners and considers user authentication and privacy.
2. The Presentation layer converts data between different formats.
3. The Session layer sets up, coordinates, and terminates conversations and exchanges between applications.
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User Interface
This document summarizes the seven layers of the OSI model from top to bottom:
1. The Application layer identifies communication partners and considers user authentication and privacy.
2. The Presentation layer converts data between different formats.
3. The Session layer sets up, coordinates, and terminates conversations and exchanges between applications.
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This is the layer at which communication partners
are identified, quality of service is identified, user authentication and privacy are considered, and any constraints on data syntax are identified. (This Application layer is not the application itself, although some applications may perform application layer functions.) This is a layer, usually part of an operating system, that converts incoming and outgoing data from one presentation format to another (for example, from a Presentation text stream into a popup window with the newly arrived text). Sometimes called the syntax layer. This layer sets up, coordinates, and terminates conversations, exchanges, and dialogs between the Session applications at each end. It deals with session and connection coordination. This layer manages the end-to-end control (for example, determining whether all packets have Transport arrived) and error-checking. It ensures complete data transfer. This layer handles the routing of the data (sending it in the right direction to the right destination on outgoing transmissions and receiving incoming Network transmissions at the packet level). The network layer does routing and forwarding This layer provides synchronization for the physical level and does bit-stuffing for strings of 1's in Data Link excess of 5. It furnishes transmission protocol knowledge and management. This layer conveys the bit stream through the network at the electrical and mechanical level. It Physical provides the hardware means of sending and receiving data on a carrier. c