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    Histograms & Frequency Distributions: Histogram

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    Seana Geddes
    This document discusses different types of frequency distributions including histograms, frequency polygons, and cumulative frequency ogives. It provides examples to illustrate how to construct each type of distribution using data from a frequency table. Specifically, it explains that a histogram is a bar graph showing frequencies of data in class intervals, a frequency polygon is a line graph connecting the midpoints of these intervals to their frequencies, and a cumulative frequency ogive is another line graph connecting the upper boundaries of intervals to the corresponding cumulative frequencies.

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    Histograms & Frequency Distributions: Histogram

    Uploaded by

    Seana Geddes
    190 views4 pages
    This document discusses different types of frequency distributions including histograms, frequency polygons, and cumulative frequency ogives. It provides examples to illustrate how to construct each type of distribution using data from a frequency table. Specifically, it explains that a histogram is a bar graph showing frequencies of data in class intervals, a frequency polygon is a line graph connecting the midpoints of these intervals to their frequencies, and a cumulative frequency ogive is another line graph connecting the upper boundaries of intervals to the corresponding cumulative frequencies.

    Original Title

    Histograms

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    This document discusses different types of frequency distributions including histograms, frequency polygons, and cumulative frequency ogives. It provides examples to illustrate how to construct each type of distribution using data from a frequency table. Specifically, it explains that a histogram is a bar graph showing frequencies of data in class intervals, a frequency polygon is a line graph connecting the midpoints of these intervals to their frequencies, and a cumulative frequency ogive is another line graph connecting the upper boundaries of intervals to the corresponding cumulative frequencies.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    190 views4 pages

    Histograms & Frequency Distributions: Histogram

    Uploaded by

    Seana Geddes
    This document discusses different types of frequency distributions including histograms, frequency polygons, and cumulative frequency ogives. It provides examples to illustrate how to construct each type of distribution using data from a frequency table. Specifically, it explains that a histogram is a bar graph showing frequencies of data in class intervals, a frequency polygon is a line graph connecting the midpoints of these intervals to their frequencies, and a cumulative frequency ogive is another line graph connecting the upper boundaries of intervals to the corresponding cumulative frequencies.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
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    The passage discusses different types of graphs used to represent frequency distributions: histograms, frequency polygons, and cumulative frequency ogives.

    A histogram is a bar graph that shows the frequency distribution of data by dividing the range of values into intervals and counting the number of observations in each interval.

    A frequency polygon is a line graph of a frequency distribution that connects the midpoints of class intervals to their corresponding frequencies.

    Histograms & Frequency

    Distributions
    Histogram

    A histogram is a bar graph of a frequency distribution. To construct a histogram


    we draw two axes. The horizontal axis is labelled with the class boundaries and
    the vertical axis is labelled with the frequencies or relative frequencies. The bars
    of adjacent class intervals should touch with no space between the bars. This
    highlights the continuous and quantitative character of the class intervals. The
    height of the bar represents the frequency of the class interval. The histogram of
    Example 1 is shown in Figure 1.1.

    Example 1

    Class Intervals Frequencies


    5-9 8
    10 - 14 15
    15 - 19 4
    20 - 24 7
    25 - 29 3
    30 - 34 5
    It should be noted that frequencies in a histogram can be plotted against the class
    intervals which are used as labels not representing actual values on the x-axis.
    That is 5- 9, 10 - 14, etc. would be plotted in the middle of its corresponding bar.

    Frequency Polygon
    A frequency polygon is a line graph of a frequency distribution. To construct a
    frequency polygon we plot the midpoint of each class interval to their
    corresponding frequency. The midpoints should be the same distance apart. An
    extra space is added to both the left and right and zero frequencies are attached
    to these additional points. The frequency polygon of Example 1 is shown in
    Figure 1.2.

    Example 1 - cont'd

    Class Intervals Frequencies Midpoints


    5-9 8 7
    10 - 14 15 12
    15 - 19 4 17
    20 - 24 7 22
    25 - 29 3 27
    30 - 34 5 32

    Cumulative Frequency Ogive


    A cumulative frequncy polygon is a line graph of a cumulative frequency
    distribution, it is also known as the cumulative frequency ogive. To construct a
    cumulative polygon we plot the upper limit of each class interval to their
    corresponding cumulative frequency. It should be noted that there are two types
    of cumulative frequency ogives: (i) less than cumulative frequency ogives & (ii)
    more than cumulative frequency ogives.

    Example 1 - cont'd
    Upper Class Less than Cumulative
    Boundaries Frequencies
    4.5 0
    9 .5 8
    14.5 23
    19.5 27
    24.5 34
    29.5 37
    34.5 42

    NB: The ogive should be drawn using 'freehand' and not using a ruler to connect
    the dots.

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