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5K views15 - Multiple Integrals
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Sameh HelmyCopyright
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/ 94
16 MULTIPLE INTEGRALS ET15
16.1 Double Integrals over Rectangles ET 15.1
1. (a) The subrectangles are shown in the figure. ”
‘The surface isthe graph of f(x, y) = zy and AA =4,
so we estimate
E Slew) AA op 2s 6
(2,2) AA+ (2,4) OA + f(4,2) MA + f(4,4) AA + f(6,2) 4+ f(6,4) MA
(4) + 8(4) + 8(4) + 16(4) + 12(4) + 24(4) = 288
= FL 1)AA+ f(1,3) MA + f(B,1) AA + f(3,3) MAF f(5,1) AA + $(5,3) AA
= 1(4) + 34) + 3(4) + 9(4) + 5(4) + 15(4) = 144
2. The subrectangles are shown in the figure. y
Since AA = 1, we estimate
Maly? 2) dam 3 Heya) AA
= f(-LI)AA+ f(-1,2) 4+ f0,1) AA + f(0,2) 4A
+f I)AA+ f(1,2) 4+ f2, 1) OA + f(2,2) 0A
= =1(1) + 2(1) + 1(1) +4(2) ~ 10) + 20) — 714) ~ 4(4) = =4
3. (a) The subrectangles are shown in the figure. Since AA = n?/4, we estimate ”
Sg sin(x + y)dA x 5 z S(eij.ui)) AA J
= £(0,0) AA + f(0,5) AA+ f(F.0) AA + f(5, 5) AA
= 0(2) +1(98) +1(22) +0() = yo
0) [Jgsin(a + y)dA = SS [email protected],) AA y
0
67 468 © CHAPTER 16 MULTPLEINTEGRALS ET CHAPTER 15
4. (a) The subrectangles are shown in the figure.
‘The surface is the graph of f(a, y) = x + 2y” and AA = 2, so we estimate
Va fIple+20")dA~ 3 slau) 04 z
= J(L,0) AA + f(1,2)A4 + f(2,0) AA + f(2,2) AA
= 1(2) + 9(2) + 2(2) + 10(2) = 44
(Vv = Ifn(e +22) aA Se z FETA
= f(3.1) AA + f(3,3) MA 4 f(3,1) MA + f(3,3) 04 5
= §Q)+ FQ) + $2) + FQ) =88 q
ca
5. (a) Each subrectangle and its midpoint are shown in the figure. The area of each ’
subrectangle is AA = 2, so we evaluate f at each midpoint and estimate 4
SIn feud = SY #(@,9,) AA 2
= f(L.5,1)AA + f(1.5,3) 4A .
+ f(25,1) A+ f(2.5,3) MA of 1 2
= 1(2) + (-8)(2) + 5(2) + (-1)(2) = -6
(b) The subrectangles are shown in the figure. In each subrectangle, the sample point
farthest from the origin is the upper right comer, and the area of each subrectangle
y
4
is AA = 4. Thus we estimate 3
2
1
Sp flea) dA SS fleas) AA
= F(L5,1)AA+ F(15,2)A4 + f(15,3) AA + f(L5,4) 0A of 2
+ SQA) AA + f(2,2) MAF (2,3) 0A + f(2,4) AA
+ (251) MA + f(2.5,2) MA + f(2.5,3) MA + f(2.5,4) 0A
+ (3,1) AA + f(3,2) AA + (3,3) OA + (3,4) A
= 1(3) + (-4)(3) + (-8)(4) + (-8)(4) #32) + 002) + (8018) +8003)
+5(4) +3(4) + (-1)() + -4)(2) + 8(2) + 6(2) + 8(2) + (3) SECTION 161 DOUBLEINTEGRALS OVER RECTANGLES ETSECTION1S1 © 489
6. To approximate the volume, let be the planar region corresponding tothe surface
‘of the water in the pool, and place Fon coordinate axes so that 2 and y correspond 30
to the dimensions given, Then we define f(x, y) to be the depth of the water at Py on
(x, y), so the volume of water in the pool is the volume of the solid that lies above on
the rectangle R = [0,20] x 0, 30] and below the graph of f(x,y). We can calke
‘estimate this volume using the Midpoint Rule with m = 2 and n = 3, so CDN
AA = 100. Each subrectangle with its midpoint is shown in the figure. Then
2 3
ved XS (E5,) AA
= AALS (5,5) + £(5,15) + f(6,25) + f(15,5) + f(15, 15) + f(15,25)]
= 100(3 +7 +10 +3+5+8) = 3600
‘Thus, we estimate that the pool contains 3600 cubic feet of water
Alternatively, we can approximate the volume with a Riemann sum where m = 4, n = 6 and the sample points are
taken to be, for example, the upper right comer of each subrectangle. Then AA = 25 and
v
zw
iM
iM=
Feu) AA
=2[3+44+74+8+ 10484446484 104124104344
F5+G4847424242434444]
= 25(140) = 3500
So we estimate that the pool contains 3500 ft of water,
7. The values of f(x,y) = /52— 2? — # get smaller as we move farther from the origin, so on any of the
subrectangles in the problem, the function will have its largest value at the lower left comer of the subrectangle
‘nd its smallest value at the upper right comer, and any other value will lie between these two. So using these
subrectangles we have U < V < L. (Note that this is true no matter how 2 is divided into subrectangles.)
8, From the level curves we see that f(4,4) ~ 11. So, using the Midpoint Rule with only one subrectangle, we get
My feu) aa = 1+ $(
Iie Flew) 4A = 219(4.4) + (4,2) + FE 3) FFB 2
Using sixteen squares we get the same result. So ff f(a, y) dA = 11
Dividing R into four squares of equal size, we get
we A(L+ 13495411) © 11
9. (a) With m = n = 2, we have AA = 4. Using the contour map to estimate the value of f at the center of each
subrectangle, we have
Mn flew) aax SY f(@,,y,) AA = AALS(1 1) + 10,3) + £(3,1) + 7(3,3)]
AQT 44414417) = 248
) foe = aay SI fev) dA = 3 (248) = 15.5 470 © CHAPTER 16 MULTIPLEINTEGRALS ET CHAPTER 15
10. As in Example 4, we place the origin at the southwest comer of the state. Then F = [0, 388] x [0, 276] (in miles)
is the rectangle corresponding to Colorado and we define f(r, y) to be the temperature at the location (cy).
‘The average temperature is given by
fue = FU ff Hewaa=
We can use the Midpoint Rule with m_
38 wm |, Nemes
4 to give a reasonable estimate of the value of the double integral.
n
Thus. we divide R into 16 regions of equal size, as shown in the figure, with the center of each subrectangle
indicated, The area of each subrectangle is AA = S38 . 226
6693, so using the contour map to estimate the
function values at each midpoint, we have
ae
ff seomaaw SE se03,) 04
& AA[T2.2 + 73.6 + 72.1 + 68.2 + 67-4 + 68.5 + 66.7 + 60.3
+72.0+ 74.9 + 68.4 + 63.7 + 73.2 + 72.34 70.3 + 67-7]
= 6693(1111.5)
6693 - 1111.5
388 - 276
approximately 695°F
‘Altemately. we an use the Midpoint Rule with m =
‘Therefore. fine © 69.5, so the average temperature in Colorado on May 1, 1996, was
which is easier computationally but will most
likely be less accurate since we have fewer subrectangles. In this case, AA
8, 216
the same grid to estimate the function values at the midpoints of the four subrectangles. Then
= 26,772 and we can use
If, Flay)dA~ S35 f(Bu0,) MA % 26.772170.0 + 66.5 + 74.3 + 68.5]
= 26772-2793
26.772 279.3 og go
and fine OG OSE.
11. 2 =3 > 0, so we can interpret the integral as the volume of the solid S that lies below the plane 2 = 3 and above
the rectangle [2,2] x [1, 6}. 5 is a rectangular solid, thus ff,,3dA = 4-5-3 = 60 ‘SECTION 16.1 OOUBLE INTEGRALS OVER RECTANGLES ETSECTIONSA 471
~ © > Ofor0 < x < 5, so we can interpret the integral as
the volume of the solid § that lies below the plane z = 5 — x and
above the rectangle [0, 5] x [0,3]. $ is a triangular cylinder whose
volume is 3(area of triangle) = 3(} «5 -5) = 37.5. Thus.
Sfq(5-2)dA = 37.5
(c.y) =4 ~ 2y > Ofor 0 < y <1. Thus the integral
represents the volume of that part of the rectangular solid
(0, 1] x [0,1] x [0, 4] which lies below the plane 2 = 4 — 2y.
So
Sfpl4—2y) 4A = (A)(1)(2) + 32) = 3
4. Here z = \/9— y?, so 2? + y? = 9, 2 > 0. Thus the integral
represents the volume of the top half of the part of the circular
cylinder 2? + y? = 9 that lies above the rectangle (0, 4) x [0.2].
15. To calculate the estimates using a programmable calculator, we can use an algorithm
similar to that of Exercise 5.1.7 [ET 5.1.7). In Maple, we can define the function n_| estimate
flew) ~#* (calling it £), load the student: package, and then use the 1 | 0.606
command 4 | 0.5604
middlesun(middiesum(£,x=0..1,m), 16 | 0.5606
y=0..1.m); 64 | 0.5585
to get the estimate with m =m? squares of equal size. Mathematica has no special 256 | 0.5579
Riemann sum command, but we can define # and then use nested Sum commands to | 1024 | 0.5578
calculate the estimates.
16,
n_| estimate n_| estimate
1 | 0.9922 64 | 0.8660
4 | 0.9262 256 | 0.8625
16 | 0.8797 1024 | 0.8616 472 G_CHAPTER16 MULTIPLEINTEGRALS ET CHAPTER 15,
11. If we divide R into mn subrectangles, [[,,kdA ~ $5 J f(2%;, ys) AA for any choice of sample points
ae
(x}j,}))- But f(z1),yf)) = k always and > 3S AA =area of R= (b— a)(d ~ c). Thus, no matter how we
choose the sample points, 3 3 AA=K(b— a)(d—c) and so
Hyrda~ tin FE sMeinns) A= tm eZ Sad
= _lim_K(b~a)(d—c) = k(b~a)(d-e)
18. On R,0 <2 +y <2 < wand sind > 0 ford < 6 < x. Thus f(z, y) = sin(x + y) > 0 forall (x,y) € R. Since
0
