2 Nee Peiod___-_Date_ UNIT IX WORKSHEET 1: MOMENTUM . Two objects, A & B, have identical velocities. Object A has 3 times the mass of object B. Compare the momentum of each object. Justify your answer. CC . Two other objects, C and D, have identical masses. Object C has twice the velocity of object D. Compare the momentum of each object. Justify your answer. Choe He vebe'ty .. While being thrown, a net force of 132 N acts on a baseballl (mass = 140g) for a period of 4.5 x 10-2 sec. What is the magnitude of the change in momentum of the oe Cat=mav melky C21 £4. $x10% wb ps Fae -(s2K4.Sa10%)= 5.1 bg-% . If the initial speed of the baseball in question 3 is vo = 0.0 m/s, what will its speed be when it leaves the pitcher's hand? 5.94 = (yes ve 0) ver toy . When the batter hits the ball, a net force of 1120 N, opposite to the direction of the ball's initial motion, acts on the ball for 9.0 x 10°3 s during the hit. What is the final velocity of the ball? = F=W2ON — At= 0010's - Vg 221.6% (ur200)C00%8) = (1 #6) (igstte.4) 10,8] es =. WG vet 4% ;. What force does the ball exert on the bat in the question above? Explain. NeoUnit IX Worksheet 1: Momentum page 2 7. A rocket, weighing 4.36 x 104N, has an engine which provides an upward force of 88x 1405N. It reaches a maximum speed of 860 m/s. a. Draw a force diagram for the rocket. Ve 80% pap WEHTDODA) ° Fe 6axlow (, _b.For what period of time, after launch, must the engine burn in order to reach this speed? = 3400 mee HAD ks sangeet) = (4460 10") Bb HOOAL fea \ . A golf ball that weighs 0.45 N is dropped from ‘Om, Assume that the 8 golf ball has a perfectly elastic collision with the floor. a. Inthe margin, construct a motion map for the golf ball from the time it is dropped until it reaches its highest point of rebound. b. Determine the time required for the ball to reach the floor. Lt 2 oy O=74 eB aD tae pelo Qe 4.8% Bd “ £2485 c. What will the instantaneous momentum of the golf ball be immediately before it strikes the floor? Ver yjtat vp=(4 8%) 455)2 4% P (ousita”? £208 4% ) d. What will be the change in momentum , (Ap) from the instant before the ball collides with the floor until the instant after it rebounds from the floor? (Illustrate with a vector diagram.) paominhen will singly ebwige dseeckion —_—— « ee eee a >_> 1 203% ~~ ,2O3KG% = YOLK “% e. Suppose that the golf ball was in contact with the floor for 4.0 x 104s, What was the average force on the ball while it was in contact with the floor? Hotty %= F (-00048) Fors)a Period, Date. UNIT IX: Worksheet 2: MOMENTUM Kim holds a 2.0 kg air rifle loosely and fires a bullet of mass 1.0 g. The muzzle velocity of the bullet is 150 a ‘What is the recoil speed of the gun? Vee fees? Ag ® (001) 0) 1S hy-% Bonz WS Kg %2(2ok)y vz. D7S™% If the gil in the previous question holds the gun tightly against her body, the recoil speed is less. Explain. Calculate the new recoil speed assuming the girl has a mass of 48 kg. Hee bedg 20d5 more mest M6 hy'%= (ow v=.003% Ina freight yard a train is being put together from freight cars. An empty freight car, coasting at 10 m/s, strikes a loaded car that is stationary, and the cars couple together. Each of the cars has a mass of 3000 kg when empty, and the loaded car contains 12,000 kg of canned soda (a year's supply for the Physics class). With what speed does the combination of the two cars start to move? Beboce Zz Z = (s000kXi0%) = 30,000 Ars 30, 0004's =(I4,000 45) vz 167% An astronaut of mass 80. kg carries an empty oxygen tank of mai throws the tank away from Rimself wih a speed of 2.0 mis. With what speed does he start to move off into space? Pyebare 70 &, fn" _— (ves): (wns 25%) A tennis player returns a 30. m/s serve straight back at 25. mis, after making contact with the ball for 0.50 s. If the ball has a mass of 0.20 kg, what is the force she exerted on the ball? Fab» mAy m=, 20 ko nav At = 0,505 2G Av=65°% rss 1$,000k5Unit IX Worksheet 2: Momentumpage 2 6. A50.kg cart is moving across a frictionless floor at 2.0 m/s. A 70. kg boy, riding in the cart, jumps off so that he hits the floor with zero velocity. ~ a. What impulse did the boy give fo,the cart? Favs may P= (205) (2.0%) > 240k 7 : B= Coupes 20's % av 2.9% — mAv= (soug)(o.8%)- for, ) boa = Gotghes 240be b. What was the velocity of the cart after the boy jumped? V= 14% 7. Two girls with masses of 50.0 kg and 70.0 kg are at rest on frictionless in-line skates. The larger girl pushes the smaller girl so that the latter rolls away at a speed of 10.0 m/s. What is the effect of the action on the larger girl? What is the impulse that each girl exerts on the other? 0% a Bean =0 Gout? aoxs)v The girl gels pded beck ot 21% ve Fy 8. A2.0 kg melon is balanced on a bald man's head. His son shoots a 50.0 g arrow at it with a speed of 30.0 m/s, The arrow passes through the melon and emerges with a speed of 18.0 m/s. Find the speed of the melon as it fies off the man’s head. us Ey Swe 22 ($08 XH%)2 1Skey% 2 lores 9. Mighty Miguel has a mass of 100. kg and is running towards the end zone at 9.0 m/s. Joey Gonzales (mass of 75.0 kg), runs at 12.0 m/s towards Miguel. They collide at the 2-yard line. Does Miguel score? Explain. B = (1004)1G.0%) ~ (95.045)(2.0%) 900 ks% - 00 ke"% = O No, Weir nel mune ve 2010, 6 Huebee’ Thay v0!) nok move ther by dolled49,10 Name_KEY Period, Date. UNIT IX Worksheet 3: MOMENTUM A ball of mass 3.0 kg, moving at 2 m/s eastward, strikes head-on a ball of mass 1.0 kg that is moving at 2 m/s westward. The balls stick together after the impact. What are the magnitude and direction of the velocity of the combined mass after the collision? Before ah wm ae —o P= Gowsylent) (yer) _ 23.04, ely FHM © (ey {1% eadhaod One way of measuring the muzzle velocity of a bullet is to fire it horizontally into @ massive block of wood placed on a cart. Assuming no friction, we then measure the velocity with which the wood containing the bullet and cart begin to move. In one experiment the bullet had a mass of 50. g and the wood and its cart had a mass of 20. kg. After the shot, the cart, wood, and bullet moved at a constant speed, traveling 8.0 m in 4.0 s. From this data determine the original speed of the bullet. g a —LrUC FS P=(eoosks\(z¥e} = You) 4% ae A raft of mass 180 kg carries two swimmers of mass 50. kg and 80. kg. The raft is initially floating at rest. The two swimmers simultaneously dive off opposite ends of the raft, each with a horizontal velocity of 3 m/s. With what velocity and in what FA.5 = (Song¥s\~ Gok *I40v = 150 ~I0v Vv Discuss the advisability of attempting to jump from a rowboat to z just within jumping distance. . While ye may malte >t bo ype Discuss the following in terms of impulse and momentum: a) Why are padded dashboards safer in automobiles? b) Why are nylon ropes, which stretch considerably under stress, favored by mountain climbers? ¢) Why is it preferred that railroad cars be loosely coupled with slack between cars? C decreasing the Force AY Thuy erent Yee J eqy-ted, Poasdlay ~ ' il 2 Tp Mel dock that seems. 1 he beck wilh Cloak aveyUnit IX Worksheet 3 page 2 6. If you throw a ball horizontally while standing on roller skates, you roll backwards. Will you roll backwards if you go through the motions of throwing the ball, but hold onto it instead? Explain your reasoning. No. Thue will be so mote or taamuhon goieg in te ? Oppose Diedon. 7. Why is it difficult for a fire-fighter to hold a hose that ejects large amounts of high- speed water? flu conees vets Ot eee ell beg to pak lee benel verds. 8. A sailboat is stalled on a lake on a windless day. The skipper's only piece of auxiliary equipment is a large fan, which he has set up so as to blow air into the sail. Will this technique get the boat to shore? Explain your answer. How could the fan best be used? Ne, Beconse He oie mow “4 9. Ifa Mack truck and a Geo traveling at equal speeds have a head-on collision, which vehicle will experience the greatest force of impact? Which will experience the greatest change in momentum? Which will experience the greatest,“ acceleration? ap=Fae t ¢ Bag ill experience He sont Bre : : Aue thee nemns ell Ke the seme 3 . tet 3 | Gea Pe oo he, Cop will inomte the’ geqlet ecealetebon 10. A billiard ball will stop short when it collides head-on with another ball which is at rest, The ball cannot stop short, however, ifthe collision is not exactly head-on but is at an angle, Explain why this is so in terms of momentum. Before Afler aaa oo Before o> Ae