Introduction to Mechatronics

Lecture 1

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 1.0 Introduction
Mechatronics – integration of 3
engineering fields
• Mechanical engineering
• Electrical and/or electronic engineering
• Computer science

Word ‘mechatronics’ – by engineers at

Yaskawa Electric Company
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 Electrical Mechanical
Engineering Engineering

Computer Mechatronics
Science

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Mechatronics engineer is trained for:

• Design mechanical components of a

product
• Design electrical components – actuator,
sensor, amplifier, control logic
• Design computer hardware and software
to control product real time

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 1.2: Systems
• Mechtronics involves many systems
• System – a box with input and output

input output

Electric
Motor Rotation
power

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 1.3: Measurement and
instrumentation system
• Components – sensor, signal conditioner,
display

Quantity to Value of
be quantity
measured Sensor Signal Display
conditioner

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 1.4: Control system
• Maintain the output of system to the
required input value

Setpoint e c u
+ Controller Actuator Process
-
Controlled
Variable

Sensor

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 Examples

• Block diagram for water level control

system
href
s u q0 Water h
controller actuator
tank
+
-

sensor

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 Examples

• Automobile steering control system

Actual
Desired course
course of travel
of travel
Error Steering Auto-
Driver mechanism
+ mobile
-

Measurement, visual
and tactile

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 Open-loop vs. Closed loop systems
• Heating room
Electric
Input power Output
Electric fire
Decision to switch A
switch on or temperature
off change
Electric
input power output
switch Electric
+ Deviation fire
Trequired Tactual
- signal

Measuring device

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 1.5: Microprocessor-based
controllers
• Microprocessors – replacing mechanical
cam-operated controllers
• To carry out control function
• Advantages – variety of programs
• Embedded microcontroller –
microprocessor integrated in a chip to
perform certain task (PIC, ATMEL, etc.)
• Adaptable form – programmable logic
controller (PLC)
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• Microprocessor - PIC

Lim Kim Fung, PSM

2006/2007

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• PLC
inputs outputs

A P
B Q
Controller
C R
D S

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 1.6: Response of systems
• Response of any systems to an input is
not instantaneous
• Kettle – takes time to boil
• Lens to focus in an automatic camera
• Bathroom scale
• Response systems are function of time
• To know how system behaves – need to
model the system
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 Response for an input for a kettle

Temperature

1000C

200C
0 2 min

time
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 1.7: Mechatronics approach
• Mechatronics – bringing together a
number of technologies
• Electrical, electronics, mechanical,
computer technology, control
engineering

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 End of Lecture 1

Reference:

W. Bolton, Mechatronics, 3rd. Edition, Prentice Hall, 2003

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