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    The CREATE TABLE Statement Is Used To Create A Table in A Database

    Uploaded by

    Ritu Kapur
    The document discusses various SQL statements used to create, modify, insert, update, and retrieve data from database tables. It covers the CREATE TABLE, INSERT, ALTER TABLE, UPDATE, SELECT, and JOIN statements. Examples are provided for each statement to illustrate how to create and structure tables, insert and modify data, retrieve and filter data, and perform joins between tables.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    The CREATE TABLE Statement Is Used To Create A Table in A Database

    Uploaded by

    Ritu Kapur
    241 views17 pages
    The document discusses various SQL statements used to create, modify, insert, update, and retrieve data from database tables. It covers the CREATE TABLE, INSERT, ALTER TABLE, UPDATE, SELECT, and JOIN statements. Examples are provided for each statement to illustrate how to create and structure tables, insert and modify data, retrieve and filter data, and perform joins between tables.

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    DBMS

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    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

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    The document discusses various SQL statements used to create, modify, insert, update, and retrieve data from database tables. It covers the CREATE TABLE, INSERT, ALTER TABLE, UPDATE, SELECT, and JOIN statements. Examples are provided for each statement to illustrate how to create and structure tables, insert and modify data, retrieve and filter data, and perform joins between tables.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    241 views17 pages

    The CREATE TABLE Statement Is Used To Create A Table in A Database

    Uploaded by

    Ritu Kapur
    The document discusses various SQL statements used to create, modify, insert, update, and retrieve data from database tables. It covers the CREATE TABLE, INSERT, ALTER TABLE, UPDATE, SELECT, and JOIN statements. Examples are provided for each statement to illustrate how to create and structure tables, insert and modify data, retrieve and filter data, and perform joins between tables.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    PROGRAM 1: CREATING A TABLE

    The CREATE TABLE statement is used to create a table in a database.

    1) Creating a simple table

    Syntax: create table tablename(columnname datatype(size),columnname datatype(size)


    ……...));

    SQL> create table org(id number(3),name varchar(20),loc varchar(20),phno number(10));

    Table Created

    2) Creating a table from existing table

    Syntax: create table tablename(columnname1,columnname2,columnname3…) as select *


    from table_existing;

    SQL> create table org(code,name,place,phn) as select * from org;

    Table created.

    OUTPUT:-

    PROGRAM 2: INSERTING DATA VALUES INTO TABLES


    1|Page
    The INSERT INTO statement is used to insert new records in a table.

    1) Inserting value in table (with null values)

    Syntax: insert into tablename values(value1,value2,value3….);

    SQL> insert into org values(1,'karan','chd',NULL);

    1 Row Created.

    SQL> insert into org values(2,'yuvi','chd',900099993);

    1 Row Created.

    SQL> insert into org values(3,'aman','pkl',900077023);

    1 Row Created.

    SQL> insert into org values(4,'suman','mohali',908880023);

    1 Row Created.

    OUTPUT:-

    2|Page
    2) Inserting data into table using another table

    Syntax: create table tablename(columnname1,columnname2,columnname3…) as select *


    from table_existing;

    OUTPUT:-

    PROGRAM 3: MODIFYING THE TABLE OR CONTENTS OF TABLE


    The ALTER TABLE statement is used to add, delete, or modify columns in an existing table.

    1) Adding a new column to table

    Syntax: alter table tablename add(columnname datatype(size),columnname datatype(size)


    ….));

    SQL> alter table org add(salary number(5));

    Table altered.

    OUTPUT:-

    3|Page
    2) Dropping a column of table

    Syntax: alter table tablename drop column columnname;

    SQL>alter table org drop column salary;

    Table altered.

    OUTPUT:-

    3) Renaming a table

    Syntax: alter table tablename rename to newname;

    SQL> alter table org rename to org1;

    Table altered.

    OUTPUT:-

    4|Page
    4) Deleting row from table

    Syntax: delete from tablename where columnname=datavalue;

    SQL> delete from org where id=4;

    1 row deleted.

    OUTPUT:-

    5) Describe structure of table


    Syntax: desc tablename;

    SQL>desc org;

    5|Page
    OUTPUT:-

    6) Deleting a table

    Syntax: drop tablename;

    SQL>drop company;

    Table Dropped.

    OUTPUT:-

    7) Modifying columns in a table

    Syntax: alter table tablename modify columnname datatype(size);

    SQL> alter table org modify id number(4);

    Table altered.

    6|Page
    OUTPUT:-

    7|Page
    PROGRAM 4: UPDATING DATA VALUES IN A TABLE

    The UPDATE statement is used to update records in a table.

    1) Updating data values of certain columns

    Syntax: update tablename set columname=value where columname=datavalue;

    SQL> update org set salary=10000,phno=9090909090 where id=1;

    1 row updated.

    SQL> update org set salary=10000 where id=2;

    1 row updated.

    SQL> update org set salary=10000 where id=3;

    1 row updated.

    OUTPUT:-

    2) Update only certain rows

    8|Page
    Syntax: update tablename set columname=value where columname=datavalue;

    SQL> update org set id=5,name='ramu',loc='pkl',phno=123456789,salary=10001 where


    id=3;

    1 row updated.

    OUTPUT:-

    PROGRAM 5: RETRIEVING DATA FROM TABLE

    The SELECT statement is used to select data from a database.

    1) Retrieve all data of table

    Syntax: select * from tablename;

    SQL>select * from org;

    OUTPUT:-

    2) Retrieve particular column

    9|Page
    Syntax: select columnname from tablename;

    SQL>select name form org;

    OUTPUT:-

    3) Retrieving by specifying a condition

    Syntax: select * from tablename where columnname=datavalue;

    SQL> select * from org where name='yuvi';

    OUTPUT:-

    4) Retrive distinct rows

    10 | P a g e
    Syntax: select DISTINCT * from tablename;

    SQL> select distinct * from org;

    OUTPUT:-

    5) Retrieving records in descending order

    Syntax: select 8 from tablename ORDER BY columname desc;

    SQL> select * from org order by id desc;

    OUTPUT:-

    6) Retrieving records in ascending order

    Syntax: select 8 from tablename ORDER BY columname;

    SQL> select * from org order by name;

    11 | P a g e
    OUTPUT:-

    7) Retriving records using special operators

    a) Like Operator

    The LIKE operator is used in a WHERE clause to search for a specified pattern in a
    column.

    Syntax: select * from tablename where columnname LIKE pattern;

    SQL> select * from org where loc like 'c%';

    OUTPUT:-

    12 | P a g e
    b) IN Operator

    The IN operator allows you to specify multiple values in a WHERE clause.

    Syntax: select * from tablename where columnname IN(value1,value2….);

    SQL> select * from org where name in('yuvi','karan');

    OUTPUT:-

    c) BETWEEN operator

    The BETWEEN operator is used in a WHERE clause to select a range of data between
    two values.

    Syntax: select * from tablename where columnname inbetween value1 and value2;

    SQL> select * from org where salary between 10000 and 10001;

    OUTPUT:-

    d) AS operator(Changing multiple column names)


    13 | P a g e
    Syntax: select column name as newname,… from tablename;

    SQL> select name as name,loc as place from org;

    OUTPUT:-

    e) Concatenation Operator

    Syntax: select ‘String.. ‘||columname from tablename;

    SQL> select 'Id of '||name||'is '||id from org;

    OUTPUT:-

    14 | P a g e
    8) Joins in SQL

    a) Equi Join or Inner join

    Syntax:select columnname1,columname2 from table1,table2 where


    table1.column=table2.column;

    SQL> select name,esalary from org,account where org.id=account.ecode;

    OUTPUT:-

    15 | P a g e
    b) Cartesian join

    Syntax:select columnname1,columname2 from table1,table2 ;

    SQL> select name,esalary from org,account;

    OUTPUT:-

    16 | P a g e
    c) Outer Join

    Syntax: select columnname1,columname2 from table1,table2 where


    table1.column(+)=table2.column;

    SQL> select name,esalary from org,account where org.id(+)=account.ecode;

    OUTPUT:-

    d) Self Join

    Syntax: select alias1.columnname1,alias2.columname2 from table1 alias1,table2 alias2


    where alias1.column=alias2.column;

    SQL> select o.id,a.esalary from org o,account a where o.id=a.ecode;

    OUTPUT:-

    17 | P a g e

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