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Decision Support Systems: Edss & Gdss

Decision support systems (DSS) and group decision support systems (GDSS) provide computer-based tools to help individuals and groups make decisions. GDSS specifically aims to support group decision making through tools like anonymized brainstorming, automated organization and discussion facilitation. Both systems offer potential to help solve semi-structured and unstructured problems. Executive DSS (EDSS) tailor information and easy-to-use interfaces to support strategic decision making for top executives facing uncertainty.

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Aswini Achu
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173 views18 pages

Decision Support Systems: Edss & Gdss

Decision support systems (DSS) and group decision support systems (GDSS) provide computer-based tools to help individuals and groups make decisions. GDSS specifically aims to support group decision making through tools like anonymized brainstorming, automated organization and discussion facilitation. Both systems offer potential to help solve semi-structured and unstructured problems. Executive DSS (EDSS) tailor information and easy-to-use interfaces to support strategic decision making for top executives facing uncertainty.

Uploaded by

Aswini Achu
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DECISION SUPPORT

SYSTEMS
EDSS & GDSS

Presented by
ASWINI
DSS ??

 Decision support systems (DSS)


– DSS are interactive computer-based systems
intended to help decision makers utilize data to
identify and solve problems and make
decisions.

– Offer potential to assist in solving both semi-


structured and unstructured problems.
GROUP
DECISION
SUPPORT
SYSTEMS
GDSS: Group Decision Support Systems
 So much work is accomplished in groups
within organizations that a special category
of systems called GDSS has been developed
to support group & organizational decision
making.

Definition
 An interactive, computer-based system that facilitates solution of
unstructured problems by a set of decision-makers working together
as a group. It aids groups, especially groups of managers, in analyzing
problem situations and in performing group decision making tasks.

 Group Support Systems has come to mean computer software and


hardware used to support group functions and processes.
Why Use GDSS?
 High level managers can spend 80% of their time making
decisions in groups. Applied correctly, GDSS can reduce this
time, arriving at a better decision faster.

 GDSS provides the hardware, software, databases and


procedures for effective decision making.
Typical GDSS Process
1)Group Leader (Facilitator) select software, develop
agenda
2) Participants meet (in decision room/Internet) and
are given a task.
3) Participants generate ideas – brainstorm
anonymously
4) Facilitator organize ideas into categories
5) Discussion and prioritization – may involve
ranking by some criteria and/or rating to the
facilitators scale
6) Repeat Steps 3, 4, 5 as necessary
7) Reach decision
8) Recommend providing feedback on decision and
results to all involved
Three types of computer based support are available:

 Decision networks

 Decision room

 Teleconferencing
Decision networks
 Characteristics
o Location of group members is distant
o Decision frequency is high
o Virtual workgroups
– Groups of workers located around the world
working on common problems via a GDSS
Decision room

– For decision makers located in


the same geographic area or
building
– Use of computing devices,
special software, networking
capabilities, display equipment,
and a session leader
– Collect, coordinate, and feed
back organized information to
help a group make a decision
– Combines face-to-face verbal
interaction with technology-
aided formalization
Advantages of GDSS
• Anonymity – drive out fear leading to better decisions from a
diverse hierarchy of decision makers
• Parallel Communication – eliminate monopolizing
providing increased participation, better decisions
• Automated record keeping – no need to take notes, they’re
automatically recorded
• Ability for virtual meetings – only need hardware, software
and people connected
• Portability - Can be set up to be portable… laptop
• Global Potential - People can be connected across the world
• No need for a computer guru – although some basic
experience is a must
Disadvantages of GDSS
• Cost –infrastructure costs to provide the hardware and
software/room/network connectivity can be very expensive
• Security – especially true when companies rent the facilities
for GDSS; also, the facilitator may be a lower-level
employee who may leak information to peers
• Technical Failure – power loss, loss of connectivity, relies
heavily on bandwidth and LAN/WAN infrastructure –
properly setup system should minimize this risk
• Keyboarding Skills – reduced participation may result due
to frustration
• Training – learning curve is present for users, varies by
situation
• Perception of messages – lack of verbal communication
could lead to misinterpretation
Future Implications of
GDSS
 GDSS will incorporate Artificial Intelligence and
Expert Systems – the software will “learn” and help the
users make better decisions
 Decreasing cost will allow more organizations to use
GDSS
 GDSS may play a large role in the future of the virtual
companies
 GDSS can help the virtual companies do business in the
global business environment
 GDSS can help promote a culturally diverse work
environment.
EXECUTIVE
SUPPORT
SYSTEMS
EIS: Executive Information Systems

Definition

An EDSS is a MIS tailored to the strategic needs of top


management.
Goal of a computer-based EDSS is to provide top
management with immediate and easy access to selective
information about key factors that are critical to
accomplishing a firm’s strategic objectives.
The decisions at this level of the company are usually
never structured and could be described as "educated
guesses."
Characteristics of EDSS
 Tailored to individual executives
 Easy to use
 Drill down capabilities
 Support the need for external data
 Help with situations with high degree
of uncertainty
Advantages of EDSS
– EDSS provide information that helps top
executives make their decisions.
– “Sense-and-respond” strategy
– Improve management performance & upper
management’s span of control.
– ESS rely on graphic presentation of
information
– Simple for high-level executives to use.
– •Provides timely delivery of company
summary information
– •Provides better understanding of
information
– •Filters data for better time management
Disadvantages of EDSS
 Computer skills required to obtain results
 • Requires preparation and analysis time to
get desired information
 • Detail oriented •
 • Difficult to maintain database integrity
 • Provides only moderate support of
external data and graphics capabilities
THANKYOU.….

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