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Bioinformatics

Bioinformatics is the application of statistics and computer science to molecular biology. It involves creating databases, algorithms, and computational techniques to solve problems arising from biological data management and analysis. Major areas of bioinformatics research include genome assembly, sequence alignment, gene finding, drug design, protein structure prediction, and modeling evolution. The primary goal is to increase understanding of biological processes through computationally intensive techniques like data mining and machine learning.

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30 views

Bioinformatics

Bioinformatics is the application of statistics and computer science to molecular biology. It involves creating databases, algorithms, and computational techniques to solve problems arising from biological data management and analysis. Major areas of bioinformatics research include genome assembly, sequence alignment, gene finding, drug design, protein structure prediction, and modeling evolution. The primary goal is to increase understanding of biological processes through computationally intensive techniques like data mining and machine learning.

Uploaded by

psgcasabu
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bioinformatics

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia


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For the journal, see Bioinformatics (journal).

Map of the human X chromosome (from the NCBI website). Assembly of the human genome
is one of the greatest achievements of bioinformatics.

Bioinformatics is the application of statistics and computer science to the field of molecular
biology.

The term bioinformatics was coined by Paulien Hogeweg and Ben Hesper in 1978 for the study
of informatic processes in biotic systems[1]. Its primary use since at least the late 1980s has been
in genomics and genetics, particularly in those areas of genomics involving large-scale DNA
sequencing.

Bioinformatics now entails the creation and advancement of databases, algorithms,


computational and statistical techniques and theory to solve formal and practical problems
arising from the management and analysis of biological data.

Over the past few decades rapid developments in genomic and other molecular research
technologies and developments in information technologies have combined to produce a
tremendous amount of information related to molecular biology. It is the name given to these
mathematical and computing approaches used to glean understanding of biological processes.

Common activities in bioinformatics include mapping and analyzing DNA and protein
sequences, aligning different DNA and protein sequences to compare them and creating and
viewing 3-D models of protein structures.

The primary goal of bioinformatics is to increase the understanding of biological processes.


What sets it apart from other approaches, however, is its focus on developing and applying
computationally intensive techniques (e.g., pattern recognition, data mining, machine learning
algorithms, and visualization) to achieve this goal. Major research efforts in the field include
sequence alignment, gene finding, genome assembly, drug design, drug discovery, protein
structure alignment, protein structure prediction, prediction of gene expression and protein-
protein interactions, genome-wide association studies and the modeling of evolution.

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