Scribd
Upload
3K views2 pages

BLOOD DYSCRASIA A

Blood dyscrasia is a pathological condition of the blood that usually involves disorders of the cellular elements of the blood. The main symptoms are bleeding problems, weakness or pale skin due to issues with red blood cells or platelets, and frequent infections due to problems with white blood cells. There are four main types of blood diseases: coagulopathies which affect bleeding and clotting; anemias involving a lack of hemoglobin; hematological malignancies like leukemia; and hemoglobinopathies concerning the structure of red blood cells like sickle cell anemia. Complications vary by condition but can include internal bleeding, infections, and organ damage.

Uploaded by

Myami Bersamen
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3K views2 pages

BLOOD DYSCRASIA A

Blood dyscrasia is a pathological condition of the blood that usually involves disorders of the cellular elements of the blood. The main symptoms are bleeding problems, weakness or pale skin due to issues with red blood cells or platelets, and frequent infections due to problems with white blood cells. There are four main types of blood diseases: coagulopathies which affect bleeding and clotting; anemias involving a lack of hemoglobin; hematological malignancies like leukemia; and hemoglobinopathies concerning the structure of red blood cells like sickle cell anemia. Complications vary by condition but can include internal bleeding, infections, and organ damage.

Uploaded by

Myami Bersamen
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

c 



   c 
2 Diseases of the blood-forming organs. In most cases, this involves diseases of
the bone marrow, but it might also involve the spleen and/or the liver.
2 The term "dyscrasia" originated in earlier medical "science" and referred to the
"four humors." It has come to mean simply "disease" or "pathological condition".
2 Thus, blood dyscrasia is a pathological condition of the blood, usually involving
disorders of the cellular elements of the blood.

SYMPTOMS:

1. Bleeding problems due to poorly functioning platelets or decreased


platelets, or loss of certain body proteins called "clotting factors".
2. Weakness or pale skin color due to poorly functioning red blood cells or
decreased numbers of red blood cells.
3. Frequent infections due to poorly functioning white blood cells or
decreased numbers of white blood cells.

0 Symptoms associated with the following common blood dyscrasias (for in-depth
discussions of specific diseases, see the title headings):

1. Diseases of platelets:
- ITP (Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura) -- sudden onset of
small and large bleeding points in the skin; often following a virus
infection, or aspirin use.
- Sometimes, there are r or bleeding gums.
- TTP (Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura) -- anemia, fever, and
bleeding as in ITP
2. Diseases of clotting factors:
- ÷  
-- significant bleeding during circumcision, bleeding
into the joints and muscles, easy bruising, significant bleeding
during surgery
-   
  
 -- frequently, a history of familial
bleeding tendency; bleeding gums,r , easy bruising
3. Diseases of red blood cells:
- Sickle cell anemia -- early symptoms are severe, recurrent
episodes of abdominal pain; bleeding into the joints; and
enlargement of the spleen.
4. Diseases of white blood cells:

0 ‘
-- early signs and symptoms are anemia, bleeding
tendency, bone pain, and serious infection.
p SES:

0 There are genetic causes, which are determined by family background.


0 There are also diseases that occur from mutation in one's genes, or infection, or
from unknown causes.

TYPES OF BLOOD DISE SE:

There are four types of blood disease. Coagulopathies are disorders which concern
bleeding and clotting, such as hemophilia. Anemias concern the lack of hemoglobin, a
substance in red blood cells which is vitally necessary for oxygen transport. Hematological
malignancies like leukemia are cancers which affect the blood andbone marrow, while
hemoglobinopathies are blood diseases which have to do with the structure of red blood cells.
Sickle cell anemiais a classic example of a hemoglobinopathy.

pOMPLIp TIONS:

0 ITP: complications include bleeding into a critical body part such as a major
organ.
0 TTP: complications are generally the same as ITP.
0 ÷  
: complications include bleeding into various joints, bleeding into the
brain, and hemorrhage into the intestinal tract.
0   
  
: complications are recurring r  and
heavy menstrual periods. More serious cases of this disease may have more
serious bleeding, such as bleeding into a joint.
0 Sickle cell anemia: complications includeY , painful crises (blood clots inside
various blood vessels), aplastic crises (the bone marrow stops forming new blood
elements), and stroke (cerebrovascular accident).
0 ‘
: complications include bleeding into a critical body part, such as a
major organ; serious infections; and DIC. (See DIC, i.e., disseminated
intravascular coagulation).

You might also like