Homework: What Are The Two Diseases of The "Black Death" and What Are The Symptoms?

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Name: Nguyen Hoang Long

Class: 8c

Homework: What are the two diseases of the “Black death” and what are the symptoms?

Plague is an infectious disease caused by bacteria called Yersinia pestis. These bacteria

are found mainly in rodents, particularly rats, and in the fleas that feed on them. Other animals

and humans usually contract the bacteria from rodent or flea bites. Historically, plague destroyed

entire civilizations. In the 1300s, the "Black Death," as it was called, killed approximately one-

third (20 to 30 million) of Europe's population. In the mid-1800s, it killed 12 million people in

China. Today, thanks to better living conditions, antibiotics, and improved sanitation, current

World Health Organization statistics show there were only 2,118 cases in 2003 worldwide.

Approximately 10 to 20 people in the United States develop plague each year from flea or rodent

bites—primarily from infected prairie dogs—in rural areas of the southwestern United States.

About 1 in 7 of those infected die from the disease. There has not been a case of person-to-

person infection in the United States since 1924.

Y. pestis can affect people in three different ways: bubonic, septicemic, or pneumonic

plague. The symptoms of the Black Death were terrible and swift:

 Painful swellings (buboes) of the lymph nodes

 These swellings, or buboes, would appear in the armpits, legs, neck, or groin

 A bubo was at first a red color. The bubo then turned a dark purple color, or black

 Other symptoms of the Black Death included:

 a very high fever


 delirium

 the victim begins to vomit

 muscular pains

 bleeding in the lungs

 mental disorientation

 The plague also produced in the victim an intense desire to sleep, which, if yielded to,

quickly proved fatal

 A victim would die quickly - victims only lived between 2 -4 days after contracting the

deadly disease

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