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MATLAB ODE Solver

This document discusses using MATLAB to solve ordinary differential equations (ODEs). It explains that MATLAB can only solve first-order differential equations, so higher-order equations must be rewritten as systems of first-order equations. It describes the structure of an ODEFUN function that defines the system and returns the derivatives, and mentions various ODE solvers in MATLAB. It then provides examples of rewriting free fall and projectile motion problems as systems of first-order ODEs and solving them using MATLAB solvers.

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517 views11 pages

MATLAB ODE Solver

This document discusses using MATLAB to solve ordinary differential equations (ODEs). It explains that MATLAB can only solve first-order differential equations, so higher-order equations must be rewritten as systems of first-order equations. It describes the structure of an ODEFUN function that defines the system and returns the derivatives, and mentions various ODE solvers in MATLAB. It then provides examples of rewriting free fall and projectile motion problems as systems of first-order ODEs and solving them using MATLAB solvers.

Uploaded by

hdlchip
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATLAB

ODE Solver

DI Johannes Martinek
MATLAB: differential equations I
 can only solve first order DE (FODE)
 Rewrite your problem to a system of FODE
 Write a function (odefun) that describes your system
 Call solver
 odefun:
 System-state described using a state vector y
e.g. y = [x, v]
 Odefun returns derivative:
dy/dt = [dx/dt, dv/dt], all in terms of y
(current state)
MATLAB: differential equations II
 various solvers exist
 look for suitable solver
 faster (for stiffer/non-stiff/.., DE)
 more accurate in tricky situations (precision)
 different methods/approaches implemented
MATLAB: differential equations III
 One syntax:
 [t,y] =
solver(@odefun,tspan,y0,options,p1,...,pn)
 dydt = odefun(t,y)
 tspan = [tstart, ..., tend]
 Y0 : initial conditions
 tspan: time points
 y: solution array
MATLAB: ODE example
 Damped driven harmonic oscillator
 y‘‘ + a1 y‘ + a2 y + a3 sin( a4 t) = 0
 Rewrite to system of first order ODEs:
 y1‘ = y2
 y2‘ = - [a1 y1‘ + a2 y1 + a3 sin( a4 t) ]
 y = [y1, y2] = [pos, speed]
MATLAB: ODE example II
 Plotting results
Freier Fall (allgemein)
m • ay = ∑Fy
y
m • (-a) = Fw – m • g

Fw Fw = A•cw•ρ/2•v2
m
a a = g – A/m•cw•ρ/2•v2
v
-a = s‘‘ -v = s‘
h m•g
s‘‘ = -g + A/m•cw•ρ/2•(s‘)2

0 nichtlineare DGL 2.Ord.!!!


Freier Fall - ODE
1) Rewrite the problem as a system of first-order ODEs
1) s‘‘ = -g, s‘ = v => v‘ = -g => s = y(1), v = y(2)
2) y(1)‘ = y(2), y(2)‘ = -g
2) Code the system of first-order ODEs
1) function dydt = ffdgl(t,y)
2) dydt = [y(2); -g];
3) Apply a solver to the problem
1) [t,y] = ode45(@ffdgl,[0 1],[10; 0]);
2) t = 0..1s, y(1) = 10m, y(2) = 0m/s
Schiefer Wurf (allgemein)

Bewegungsgleichung
d 2x
m 2 0
dt
2
d y
m 2 m g 0
dt
Schiefer Wurf - ODE
1) Rewrite the problem as a system of first-order ODEs
d 2x d2y x ~
x x0
m 2 0 x 0 m 2 m g 0 y g
dt
~x x
dt
~y y
x x
~ v0 cos
y ~
y y0
~x x 0 ~y y g
y y
~ v0 sin
2) Code the system of first-order ODEs
function dydt = wurfdgl(t,y)
dydt = [y(2); 0; y(4); -9.81]

3) Apply a solver to the problem

[t,y] = ode45(@wurfdgl,[0,3],[0,10*cos(pi/4),10,10*sin(pi/4)]);

DGL [t_start, t_end]

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