,iwkiwahk; jpUf;FHMidg; gw;wp

K];ypk;fspd; KOKjy; ek;gpf;ifapd; Cw;whfTk;> tho;f;if topfhl;bahfTk; ,Uf;ff;$ba

,iwkiwahk; jpUf;FHMdhdJ> kdpjFyk; midj;jpw;Fk; topfhl;bahf ,iwtdhy; thdt JhjH
[pg;uaPy; (miy) mtHfs; %ykhf K`k;kJ egp (]y;) mtHfSf;F mUsg;gl;lJ. jpUf;FHMdhdJ
kdpjFyk; mikjpahf tho;tjw;Fhpa tho;tpay; eilKiwr; rl;lq;fisAk; kw;Wk; Md;kPfk;>
Nghjidfs;> tzf;ftopghL> nfhLf;fy; thq;fy; Nghd;w ,d;Dk; vz;zw;w tptfhuq;fisg; gw;wp
kdpjDf;F tphpthf vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ. RUf;fkhfr; nrhd;dhy;>; ,iwtDf;Fk;  mtdJ
gilg;gpdq;fSf;Fk; ,ilNa cs;s njhlHigg; gw;wpa mbg;gil jhd; jpUf;FHMdhFk;. mNj
Ntisapy;> xU r%fk; vg;gb mika Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhd topfhl;Ljy;fisAk; kw;Wk; tphpthd
NghjidfisAk;> kdpj Fyk; xOf;fkhf tho;tjw;Fhpa NghjidfisAk;> NeHikahd eLepiyahd
nfhLf;fy; thq;fy; gw;wpa nghUshjhur; rl;lq;fisAk; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ.

,iwkiwahk; jpUf;FHMdhdJ K`k;kJ egp (]y;) mtHfSf;F mugp nkhopapy; kl;Lk;

,iwtdhy; mUsg;gl;lJ. jkpopNyh my;yJ Mq;fpyj;jpNyh ,d;Dk; Vida nkhopfspNyh
nkhopkhw;wk; nra;ag;gl;L ntsptuf;$ba jpUkiwapd; nkhopngaHg;Gf;fs; ahTk;
jpUf;FHMd; vd;Nwh my;yJ jpUkiw trdq;fs; vd;Nwh $Wtijf; fhl;bYk;> jpUiwapd;
mHj;jq;fs; mlq;fpa nkhopngaHg;Gf;fs; vd;Nw $w Ntz;Lk;. Vnddpy;> xU nkhopapy;
,Ue;J ,d;ndhU nkhopf;F nkhopngaHg;Gr; nra;Ak; NghJ %y nkhopapy; ,Uf;Fk; mjpy;
ifahsg;gl;bUf;Fk; ,yf;fpak;.> nrhy;tsk;> Mokhd mHj;jq;fs; Mfpatw;iw KO mstpy;
nkhopngaHg;ghsHfshy; nkhopngaHf;f ,ayhJ vd;gJ xU xg;Gf; nfhs;sg;gl;l cz;ikahFk;.
vdNt> mugp nkhopapy; ,iwtdhy; mUsg;gl;lJk;> mugp nkhopapy; fhzg;gLk; FHMd; jhd;
FHMd; vdg;gLk;.

epiwNtwpa FHMdpd; Kd;dwptpg;Gf;fs;

NuhkHfs; ghurPfHfis ntw;wp nfhz;l tuyhw;Wr; rk;gtj;ij ehk; ,q;Nf cjhuzkhf

vLj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. NuhkHfisg; ghurPfHfs; ntw;wp nfhz;l %d;wpypUe;J xd;gJ
Mz;LfSf;Fs;shf> jq;fisj; Njhy;tpAwr; nra;j mNj ghurPfHfis NuhkHfs; ntw;wp
nfhz;lhHfs;. ,t;thW ghurPfHfs;  Njhy;tpailag; Nghtijf; FHMdpd; %yk; ,iwtd;
Kd;dwptpg;Gr; nra;Js;shd;. mjhtJ>

NuhkhGhp  (ghurPfHfshy;) ntw;wp nfhs;sg;gl;L tp;l;lJ. rkPgj;jpYs;s G+kpapy; -

mtHfspd; Njhy;tpf;Fg; gpwF mtHfs; ntw;wpailthHfs;. (my; FHMd;> 30:2-4).
 jpUkiwf; FHMd; Fwpg;gpLk; ,e;jg; Nghiug; gw;wp tuyhW vd;d nrhy;fpwJ vdg;
ghHg;Nghk;. “igrhe;jpa tuyhW“ vDk; tuyhw;W Ehy; ,e;jg; Nghiug; gw;wpf; Fwpg;gpLk;
NghJ> fp.gp.613-y; Mz;bNahf; (Antioch) vd;Dkplj;jpy; ele;j Nghhpy; ghurPfHfsplk;
NuhkHfs; gLNjhy;tp mile;J> midj;Jg; NghH KidfspYk; NuhkHfs; tpul;babf;fg;gl;L>
midj;J ,lq;fspYk; ghurPfHfs; Kd;dzp tfpj;jdH. me;j Neuj;jpy; NuhkHfs; ,Ue;j epiyia
vz;zpg;ghHg;NghNkahdhy;> ,dp vd;Wk; NuhkHfs; ghurPfHfis ntw;wp nfhs;s ,ayhJ
vd;Nw midtuJ fzpg;Gk; ,Ue;jJ. Mdhy;> Njhy;tpaile;j ,e;j NuhkHfs; %d;wpypUe;J xd;gJ
Mz;LfSf;Fs;shf ntw;wpailthHfs; vd jpUkiwf; FHMdpy; ,iwtd; Kd;dwptpg;Gr; nra;jhd;. 
me;j Kd;dwptpg;ghdJ> fp.gp.622-y; MHkPdpa kz;zpy; ,U gilfSk; re;jpj;j Nghhpy;
NuhkHfs; ntw;wpaile;jdH. fp.gp.613-y; ele;j NghUf;F> xd;gJ Mz;LfSf;Fg; gpd; ele;j
me;j Kjy; re;jpg;gpNyNa ghurPfHfis NuhkHfs; ntw;wp nfhz;ldH vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
NuhkHfsJ ntw;wpAld; FHMdpd; Kd;dwptpg;Gk; epiwNtwpaJ.

History of Byzantine State, ostrogorsky, p.95

History of Byzantine State, ostrogorsky,pp.100-101, and History of Persia, Sykes,

vol.1.483-484.  Also see The New Encyclopaedia Britanica, Micropaedia vol.4,p.1036.

,J Nghd;w> gpd;dhy; tuf;$ba Kd;dwptpg;gf;fs; jpUkiwf; FHMdpYk;> egpfs;

ehafk; (]y;) mtHfspd; nghd; nkhopfspYk; (`jP];fs;) Vuhskhf cs;sd

kdpjDf;F ,iwtd; tpLj;j rthy;

1400 Mz;LfSf;F Kd; jpUkiwf; FHMdpy; cs;s kpfr; rpwpa mj;jpahaj;ijNaDk;

ePq;fs; cUthf;fpf; nfhz;L thUq;fs; vd;W kdpj r%fj;ij Nehf;fp ,iwtd; tpl;l rthy; ,d;Dk;
epiwNtw;wg;glhkNyNa cs;sJ. mijNa jpUkiwf; FHMdpy; ,iwtd; ,t;thW $Wfpd;whd;.

NkYk; ek; mbahH kPJ ,wf;fp itj;j (,t; Ntjj;)jpy; ePq;fs; re;Njfj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;>
my;yh`;itj;jtpu cq;fs; cjtpahsHfis vy;yhk; mioj;Jf; nfhz;L ePq;fs; (cq;fs; $w;wpy;)
cz;ikahsHfshs ,Ue;jhy; ,J Nghd;w mj;jpahaj;ijf; nfhz;L thUq;fs;. ePq;fs; (mt;thW)
nra;atpy;iyahapd; - ePq;fs; xU NghJk; (mt;thW) nra;a khl;BHfs;: MfNt kdpjHfSk; fy;Yk;
mjd; vhpnghUshFNk mj;jifa (euf) neUg;igg; gae;J nfhs;Sq;fs;/ (,e;j neUg;G) epuhfhpj;Jf;
nfhz;bUg;NghUf;fhf jahH nra;J itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.  (my; FHMd;> 2:23-24)

FHMd; mUsg;gl;L tpl;l ,e;j 14 Ehw;whz;Lfspy; jpUkiwf; FHMdpy; ,iwtd;

tpLj;j ,e;j rthiy vjpH nfhz;L> mjd; kpfr; rpwpa mj;jpahaj;ijg; Nghd;w mj;jpahaj;ijAk;>
mjd; moF> nrhy;td;ik> Gj;jpf; $Hik> tpNtkhd rl;lq;fs;> jfty;fspd; G+uzj;jd;ik> cz;ikahd
JhJj;Jtk; kw;Wk; mjd; kpfr; rhpahd mstpy; Fwpg;gpl;Lr; nrhy;Yk; jd;ik Mfpa mk;rq;fisf;
nfhz;lnjhU mj;jpahaj;ijAk; ,J tiu ve;j kdpjdhYk; cUthf;f ,aytpy;iy. fPNo ePq;fs; fhZk;
gj;Nj thHj;ijfisf; nfhz;l FHMdpd; kpfr; rpwpa mj;jpahaj;ij (mj;jpahak; 108) NaDk;
cUthf;f tplg;gl;l rthiy ,d;wy;y> ,dp vd;iwf;Fk; ,e;j kdpj rKjhak; Vw;Wf; nfhz;L cUthf;fpf;
fhl;l ,ayhJ.*  egp K`k;kJ (]y;) mtHfs; tho;e;j fhyj;jpy; ,];yhj;jpd; guk vjphpfSk;>  egp
K`k;kJ (]y;) mtHfis cz;ikahd JhjH my;y vd ep&gzk; nra;tjw;fhf mtHfs; gy Kiw Kad;Wk;
mtHfshy; $l ,e;j rthiy Vw;W mij epiwNtw;w ,aytpy;iy.** egp K`k;kJ (]y;) mtHfs; tho;e;J
te;j mNj rk fhyj;jpy; tho;e;j me;j muGf;fs; Ngrpa mNj mugp nkhopapNyNa FHMd;
,wf;fg;gl;Lk; $l> NkYk; me;j muGf;fs; mofhd ftpijfis ,aw;Wtjpy; ty;ytHfshf ,Ue;Jk; $l>
ve;jsTf;nfdpy; ,d;W $l mtHfspd; ftpijfs; mjdJ nrhy;td;ikf;fhfg; ghuhl;lg;gLtJz;L.  mj;jifa
nkhoptsk; epuk;gg; ngw;wtHfshy; $l ,e;j rthiy Kwpabf;f Kbatpy;iy vd;gNj ,iwkiwf;
FHMd; xU ,iwtdpd; kpfg; ngUk; mw;Gjk; vd ekf;F czHj;Jfpd;wJ. 

 See Al-Borhan fee Oloom Al-Qur’an, Al-Zarkashy, vol.2,p.224.

 See Al-Borhan fee Oloom Al-Qur’an, Al-Zarkashy, vol.2,p.226.

1.FHMd; xH xg;gw;w E}y;!

kdpj Fyk; ,iw topfhl;Ljiy ,uz;L topahfj;jhd; ngw;wpUf;fpwJ. xd;W> my;yh`;tpd; thf;fpd;
%yk;> ,uz;L my;yh`; jd; ehl;lj;ij kf;fSf;F vLj;Jiuf;fj; NjHe;njLj;j ,iwj;J}jHfs; %yk;. ,it
,uz;Lk; vg;nghOJNk gpd;dpg; gpize;J epw;gitahFk;. mtw;iwg; gppj;J ,iwehl;lj;ij mwpa
tpUk;Gk; Kaw;rpfs; vg;nghOJNk jtwhd ghijf;Fj; jhd; ,l;Lr; nry;fpd;wd.
`pe;Jf;fs; ,iwj;J}jHfspd; tho;itg; Gwf;fzpj;J Ntjq;fs; kPJ kl;LNk ftdk; nrYj;jyhapdH. fhyg;
Nghf;fpy; Ntjq;fs; ntWk; thHj;ijg; GjpHfsha; khwpd. gpwF mtw;wpd; cz;ik
epiyikiaAk; ,of;fr; nra;J tpl;ldH.
,t;thNw fpwp];jtHfs; ,iwNtjq;fisg; Gwf;fzpj;J jk; ftdk; KOtijAk; ,iwj;J}juhd ,NaRtpd;ghy;
nrYj;jpdH. mtUf;Nf Kf;fpaj;Jtk; mspj;jdH. ,Wjpapy; mtiu ,iwtdpd; me;j];jpw;Nf caHj;jp
tpl;ldH. ,jdhy; Vw;gl;l tpisT> iggpspy; fhzg;gl;l Xhpiwf; nfhs;ifapd; capNuhl;lj;ijNa
mtHfs; ,oe;J tpl;ldH.
cz;ikahnjdpy;> jpUf;FHMDf;F Kd;G> kf;fSf;F mUsg;gl;l ,iwntspg;ghlhd gioa
Vw;ghLk;> iggpSk; jhd; mUsg;gl;ljw;F ntFfhyj;jpw;Fg; gpd;dH jhd; E}y; tbtpy;
njhFf;fg;gl;ld. mJTk; nkhopngaHg;ghfj;jhd; njhFf;fg;gl;ld. Vd; ,t;thW ele;jJ? %]h
(Nkh]];)(miy)> <]h (,NaR) (miy) MfpNahiug; gpd;gw;wpatHfs; jk; egpkhHfSf;F
mUsg;gl;l Ntjq;fisg; ghJfhf;f Nghjpa ftdk; nrYj;jtpy;iy. khwhf mj;J}jHfs; kiwe;J ePz;l
fhyk; nrd;w gpd;dH jhd; me;j Ntjq;fs; njhFf;fg;gl;ld. Mf> ,d;W ekf;Ff; fpilf;Fk; iggps;
(Gjpa Vw;ghLk; gioa Vw;ghLk;) mJ mUsg;gl;l %y nkhopapyd;wp ntWk;
nkhopngaHg;ghfj; jhd; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. mjpYk; jdpegHfs; nra;j Vuhskhd jpUj;jq;fs;>
khw;wq;fs;> ,ilr; nrUfy;fs; nfhz;ljhfNt iggps; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
,jw;F NeHkhwhf> ,iwtdhy; ,wf;fpaUsg;gl;l ,Wjp Ntjkhf FHMd; jpfo;fpwJ. jhd; ,wq;fpa
mry; epiyapNyNa - Kjd; Kjyhf mJ vt;thW ,wf;fpaUsg;gl;lNjh mt;thNw - ,d;iwf;Fk; ,Ue;J
nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ. mJkl;Lky;yhky; ,iwtNd mjidg; ghJfhf;Fk; nghWg;igAk; Vw;Wf;
nfhz;Ls;shd;. mz;zy; egp (]y;) mtHfspd; tho;ehspNyNa FHMd; KOtJk; XiyfspYk;
,iyfspYk; Njhy;fspYk; vOjp itf;fg;gl;lJ. vOjg;gl;l gpujpfs; rpyhplk; gFjp gFjpahfTk;
rpyhplk; KOikahfTk; ,Ue;jd.
mJkl;Lkpd;wp Mapuf;fzf;fhd egpj;NjhoHfs; FHMid KOikahfNth> rpy gFjpfisNah kddk;
nra;jpUe;jhHfs;. mz;zyhH mtHfs; Mz;Lf;F xU Kiw KOf; FHMidAk; thdtj; J}jH [pg;hPy;
(miy) mtHfsplk; KOf; FHMidAk; Xjpf; fhz;gpj;jhHfs;. mz;zyhUf;Fg; gpwF fyPgh
mG+gf;fH rpj;jPf; (uyp) mtHfs; FHMid E}y; tbtpy; njhFf;Fk; gzpia i[j; gpd; jhgpj; (uyp)
vDk; egpj;Njhohplk; xg;gilj;jhHfs;. ,t;thW njhFf;fg;gl;l FHMd; gpujp mG+gf;fH (uyp)
mtHfsplKk;>  gpwF ,uz;lhk; fyP/gh ckH (uyp) mtHfsplKk;> mtUf;Fg; gpwF mz;zyhhpd;
JiztpahH `g;]h (uyp) mtHfsplKk; ,Ue;jJ. me;j mry; gpujpapypUe;J %d;whk; fyP/gh
c];khd; (uyp) mtHfs; gy gpujpfs; vLj;J mtw;iwj; jk; Ml;rpf;Fl;gl;bUe;j midj;Jg;
gFjpfSf;Fk; mDg;gp> kdpj Fyk; KOtjw;Fk; topfhl;bahf tpsq;ff; $bajhYk;> mjidg;
ghJfhg;gjpy; ,j;jidj; Js;spakhd Kaw;rpfs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;ld. mJ mNugpaHfis kl;Lk;
tpspj;Jg; NgRtjpy;iy. khwhf> mJ kdpjFyk; KOtijAk; miof;fpwJ. xt;nthUtiuAk kdpj
me;j];jpy; itj;J mJ gpd;tUkhW tpspf;fpwJ.
kdpjNd! nfhilahsdhd rq;ifkpf;f cd; ,iwtDf;F khW nra;Ak;gb cd;id kUl;b tpl;lJ vJ? (82:6)
FHMdpd; mwpTiufs; Kw;wpYk; eilKiwf;F ,irthditNa vd;gij egp (]y;) mtHfs; tho;Tk;>
midj;Jf; fhyq;fspYk; ,];yhj;ijg; Ngzp tho;e;j tha;ikahd K];ypk;fspd; tho;f;ifAk;
ep&gpf;fpd;wd. FHMDila mZFKiwapy; gpujhdkhf - vLg;ghff; fhzg;gLk; mk;rk;,JNt.
mjDila mwpTiufs; kdpj ed;ikf;fhfNt mike;Js;sd. NkYk;> mit kdpjHfs; filgpbf;ff;
$baitaha; tpsq;Ffpd;wd. ve;jf; Nfhzj;jpypUe;J ghHj;jhYk; rhp> FHMd; Gfl;Lk; mwpT
KOikahdjhf - ,Wjpahdjhf ,Uf;fpwJ. mJ cyfpaiyAk; Nyhfhajj;ijAk; Jd;gg;gLj;JtJkpyiy.
Md;kPfj;ijg; Gwf;fzpg;gJkpy;iy. mJ ,iwtid kdpj epiyf;F jho;j;JtJkpy;iy. kdpjid ,iw
me;j];jpw;F caHj;jTkpy;iy. mJ mwpTWj;Jk; tho;f;ifj; jpl;lj;jpy; xt;nthU tp\aKk; kpfTk;
ftdkhfTk; mjw;Fhpa nghUj;jkhd ,lj;jpy; Jy;ypakhfTk; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd.
K`k;kJ (]y;) mtHfs; FHMdpd; MrphpaH vd;W rpy Nkw;fj;jpa mwpQHfs; $Wfpd;wdH.
kdpj Mw;wypdhy; Kbahj xd;iw KbAk; vd;W thjpLtJ Nghy; ,Uf;fpwJ. ,tHfspd; ciu>
Mwhk; E}w;whz;by; tho;e;j xU kdpjH ,Ugjhk E}w;whz;bd; tpQ;Qhd cyfk;
fz;Lgpbj;jpUg;gjw;F ,irthf vjhHj;j epiyia (FHMdpy; fhz;gJ Nghy;) jhkhfNt vLj;Jiuf;f
KbAkh? ,d;iwa etPd  tpQ;Qhdk; ngz;zpd; fUg;igapy; fU vg;gb ghpzhk tsHr;rp ngWfpwJ
vd;W $WfpwNjh Kw;wpYk; mt;thNw mjid K`k;kj; (]y;) mtHfs; md;W (6k;
E}w;whz;by;) tHzpj;jpUf;f KbAkh?
,uz;lhtjhf vOjg;gbf;fj; njhpahj tha;ikahd xU kdpjH> ehw;gJ Mz;LfSf;Fg; gpd; jhkhfNt
,g;gb xU E}iyg; gilj;jpUf;f KbAkh? ,yf;fpaj;jpd; cr;rfl;lj;jpy; ,Ue;j muGyfk; KOtJk; xd;W
NrHe;J Kad;whYk; $l me;j Ntjj;jpw;F ,izhdijf; nfhz;L tu Kbahj msTf;F xU E}iy mtuhy;
cUthf;fpapUf;f KbAkh? tha;ikahsH - cz;ikahsH vd;W Nghw;Wfpd;w J}a Msik nfhz;l
xUtH - jhkhf xd;iwg; Gide;J mjid ,iwaUshy; ngw;wJ vd;W thjpl;bUg;ghuh? mJkl;Lky;y>
mt;thW ngha;ahd thjk; Ghpe;J> ,yl;rf;fzf;fhd kf;fspd; tho;tpy; tha;ikiaAk; J}a;ikiaAk;
tsHj;jpUf;f KbAkh? tuyhw;wpNyNa NtW vq;Fk; fhz Kbahj msTf;F xOf;frPyHfsha; me;j
kf;fis khw;wpapUf;f KbAkh? tpUg;G> ntWg;gpd;wp ,e;j mbg;gilfisf; ftdpf;Fk; vtUk; ,jid
rhp vd;W Vw;Wf; nfhs;s khl;lhH. khwhf> FHMd; ,iwtdhy; ,wf;fpaUsg;gl;l Ntjk; vd;Nw
Vw;Wf; nfhs;thH.
rpy Nkw;fj;jpa mwpQHfspd; fUj;Jf;fis ehk; KOikahf Vw;Wf; nfhs;sj; Njitapy;yhj
NghjpYk;> FHMidf; Fwpj;J mtHfs; njhptpj;j fUj;Jf;fs; rpytw;iw ehk; ,q;F
jUfpd;Nwhk;. ,jidg; gbf;Fk; thrfHfs; etPd cyfk; FHMdpd; fUj;Jf;fs; vj;jid neUf;fkhf te;j
nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ vd;gij ,jpypUe;J vspjpy; ehk; Ghpe;J nfhs;syhk;. Nkw;nrhd;d mk;rq;fisf;
fUj;jpy; nfhz;L tpUg;G> ntWg;gpd;wp FHMid Muha;e;J gbf;Fk;gb midtiuAk;
miof;fpd;Nwhk;. ,j;jifa Kaw;rp jpUf;FHMd; kdpjdhy; ,aw;wg;gl;ljy;y. khwhf ,iwtdhy;
mUsg;gl;lJ vd;fpw njspthd fUj;ijj; jhd; cUthf;Fk;.
mwpQH nfha;Nj (Goethe) $WfpwhH :
FHMid vj;jid Kiw ghHj;jhYk; mJ Kjypy; me;epakhfj; njhpfpwJ. gpwF Gjikahfj;
njhpfpwJ. mLj;J xU njd;wy; Nghy; kdijf; ftHe;J nry;fpwJ. kjpg;gr;rjij Vw;gLj;JfpwJ.
mjDila eilaoF mjDila fUj;Jf;F Vw;g fk;gPuhkhfTk> tYthdjhfTk;> mr;rj;ij Vw;gLj;jf;
$bajhfTk; mjd;kPJ kjpg;G nfhs;sr; nra;tjhfTk; mike;Js;sJ. ,e;j E}y; ,t;thW fhyk; fhykhf
kf;fs; kPJ jd; Mjpf;fj;ij nrYj;jf; $bajhf ,Uf;fpwJ. Quoted in T.P. Hughes Dictionery of
Islam, P.526.
khHNfhyj; (G.Margolouth) $WfpwhH :
cyfj;jpYs;s ngUk; kjf;fpue;jq;fspy; FHMd; jpz;zkhf Kf;fpa ,lj;ij tfpf;fpwJ. cyfpy; Gul;rp
rfhg;jj;ijj; Njhw;Wtpj;j ,e;j fpue;jq;fspy; mJ ,isa taJ nfhz;ljhf ,Ue;j NghjpYk; kf;fspd;
cs;sq;fis khw;WtjpYk;> ngUk; ngUk; kf;fs; $l;lj;ijNa tpaf;fj;jf;f Kiwapy; khw;wp
mikg;gjpYk; mjw;F ,izahd NtW fpue;jk; ,y;iy. mJ Kw;wpYk; Gjpa rpe;jidia kf;fs;
cs;sj;jpy; Njhw;Wtpf;fpwJ. etPd gz;ghl;il cUthf;FfpwJ. mJ Kjypy; mNugpa ghiytdj;jpy;
rpjwpf; fple;j kf;fis ,yl;rpaj;ijg; NgZk; Fothf xd;wpizj;jJ. mtHfis kf;fspy; rpwe;jtHfsha;
khw;wpaJ. Inuhg;gpa kf;fSk; fpof;fpe;jpa kf;fSk; ,d;iwf;Fk; kjpf;Fk; msTf;F rka>
murpay; mikg;Gfis mJ Njhw;Wtpj;Js;sJ. Introduction to J.M.Rodwell’s The Koran, New
York : Every Man’s library 1977, p.VII.
khhP]; Gify; (Maurice Bucaille) $WfpwhH :
ehk; NkNy $wp te;j tpguq;fs;> K`k;kj; (]y;) mtHfs; FHMidg; Gide;jhH vd;W
nrhy;yg;gLk; $w;W mbg;gilaw;wJ vd;W njs;sj; njspthf vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfpd;wd. fy;tp
mwptpy;yhj xUtH> jpBnud rpwe;j ,yf;fpak; eak; tha;e;j xU fpue;jj;jpd; - ,d;iwf;Fk;
mugp ,yf;fpaj;py; ,izaw;W tpsq;Fk; xU fpue;jj;jpd; Mrphpauha; Mf KbAkh? mJkl;Lky;y>
me;j E}w;whz;by; tho;e;j kdpjdpd; fw;gid nra;Jk; ghHj;jpuhj - ,d;iwa tpQ;Qhd
tsHr;rpapd; kfj;jhd; fz;Lgpbg;Gfspd; vjhHj;j epiyia md;iwf;Nf mtuhy; vg;gbj; Jy;ypakhfj;
njhptpf;f Kbe;jJ? The Bible, The Quran and Modern Science 1978, p.15
lhf;lH ];nlapd; fh]; (Steingass) $WfpwhH :
mjDila typikia ,yf;fpa eak; kw;Wk; Kd;$l;bNa itj;j rpy Jyhf;Nfhy;fisf; nfhz;L ghHf;ff;
$lhJ. khwhf> md;W K`k;kj; (]y;) mtHfSld; tho;e;j NjhoHfs; kPJ mJ vj;jifa jhf;fj;ij
Vw;gLj;jpaJ. me;j ehl;L kf;fspila vj;jifa khw;wq;fis cUthf;fpaJ vd;gtw;iwf; nfhz;L mjd;
typikia ehk; fzpf;f Ntz;Lk;. fUj;Jf;fspy; Kw;wpYk; khWgl;l gu];gu gifik nfhz;l kf;fspd;
cs;sq;fis mJ njhl;L mtHfspd; czHr;rpfis khw;wp> XH ,zf;fkhd r%fkhf gpizj;jJ vd;gJ
tuyhw;W cz;ikahFk;. ,e;j cz;ikia mJ mstw;w ,yf;fpa eak; nfhz;l Ntjk; vd;gijj;
njspthf;Ffpd;wJ. gz;ghlw;w kf;fis kpfTk; ehfhPfk; tha;e;j r%fkhf khw;wp tuyhw;wpd;
ntw;wpr; rpfuj;jpw;F mtHfis ,l;Lr; nrd;wpUg;gjpy; ,Ue;Nj me;j Ntjj;jpd; kfpikia ehk;
czuyhk;. Quoted in Hughe’s Dictionary of Islam p.528
MHjH N[. MHngHhp (Arthur J.Arberry) $WfpwhH :
FHMDila fUj;Jf;fis ntspf; nfhzHtjpy; Kd;NdhHfs; nra;j Kaw;rpfis tpl ,d;Dk; rpwg;ghfr;
nra;a ehbNdd;. Mdhy; mugp nkhopapy; FHMdpy; ,Uf;Fk; moifAk;> Moj;ijAk;>
NeHj;jpiaAk; kpff; FiwthfNt vd;dhy; nfhz;L tu Kbe;jJ. kpfj; Jy;ypakhf gpd;dpg; gpize;J
epw;Fk; Xirfis ehk; Mokhff; ftdpj;Njd;. FHMdpy; ,Uf;Fk; fUj;joFf;F rw;Wk; Fiwe;jjy;;y
mjd; ,ireak; vd;gij czHe;Njd;. cyf ,yf;fpaq;fspNyNa FHMid ,t ,izaw;w xd;whf tpsq;fr;
nra;fpd;wd. FHMdpd; ,e;j tpNehjkhd mk;rk; mjw;NfAhpa jdpg;ghzpahFk;. gpwuhy;
Kw;wpYk; ifahs Kbahj ghzpahf mJ ,Uf;fpwJ.
mjDila nrhw;fspd; XireaNk kf;fspd; fz;fis frpar; nra;fpwJ. cs;sq;fisg; gutrkilar; nra;fpwJ
vd;W gpf;jhy; jk; nkhop ngaHg;gpy; nrhd;d fUj;J ve;j tifapYk; kpifahdjy;y. The Koran
Inerpreted, London : Oxford University Press, 1964, P.X.
]H. tpy;ypak; %H (Sir William Muir) $WfpwhH :
FHMd; ,];yhj;jpd; khngUk; rhjidahFk;. mjd; Mjpf;fk; rkak;> xOf;fk;> tpQ;Qhdk; Nghd;w
midj;Jj; JiwfspYk; glHe;J epw;fpwJ. FHMd; midj;Jf;Fk; NkyhdJ vd;W Vw;Wf; nfhs;tijj;
jtpu NtW topapy;iy. The life of Mohammed, London 1903, Ch. The Coran P.VII.
NkYk;> ]H. tpy;ypak; %H $WfpwhH :
12 E}w;whz;Lfs; cUz;Nlhb tpl;l NghjpYk; jhd; mUsg;gl;l fhyj;jpy; ,Ue;jJ NghyNt
,d;wsTk; J}a;ikAld; tpsq;Fk; E}y; (FHMidj; jtpu) NtW vJTk; ,y;iy.
 
2. ,];yhk; XH ,izaw;w khHf;fk;!
K`k;kj; egp (]y;) mtHfSf;F mUsg;gl;l ,];yhkpa mwnewp Kd;dH mUsg;gl;l rkaq;fspd;
njhlHr;rpAk;> ,WjpAk; KoikAk; MFk;. Mifahy; ,J vy;yh kf;fSf;Fk; vy;yhf; fhyj;jpw;Fk;
nghUe;jf; $bajhf mike;Js;sJ. gfpuq;fkhd gy Mjhuq;fs; ,];yhj;jpd; ,e;j me;j];ij cWjp
nra;fpd;wd. ,wf;fpaUsg;gl;l epiyapNyNa ,d;Wk; J}a;ikahf ,Uf;Fk; xU Ntjk; - (FHMidj;
jtpu) cyfpy; NtW ve;j NtjKk; ,y;iy. ,uz;lhtjhf> vy;yhf; fhyj;jpYk; kdpj tho;tpd; midj;Jj;
JiwfSf;Fk; nghUj;jkhd topfhl;Ljy; jUtjhf Ntnwe;j mUs; newpAk; thjpltpy;iy.
Mdhy; ,];yhNkh KO kdpjFyj;ijAk; Nehf;fpg; NgRfpwJ. kdpj tho;tpd; midj;Jg;
gpur;idfSf;Fk; mbg;gil topfhl;Ljiy toq;Ftjhf thjpLfpwJ. mJ kl;Lky;y 14 E}w;whz;Lfshf
,jid ep&gpj;Jk; tUfpwJ. ,f;fhy fl;lj;jpy; Vw;gl;l Nrhjidfspy; mJ ntw;wp ngw;Ws;sJ.
mj;Jld; K`k;kj;  egp (]y;) mtHfspd; jiyikapd; fPo; epWtg;gl;lijg; Nghd;W xU
Kd;khjphpahd rKjha mikg;ig cUthf;Fk; vy;yh Mw;wy;fisAk; mJ ,d;Wk; ngw;W
epw;fpwJ.
Nghjpa cyfhjha trjpapd;wpNa K`k;kj; egp (]y;) mtHfs; jk; fLk; giftHfis ntd;W ,];yhkpa
ghijapy; mtHfisf; nfhz;L te;jJ.. khngUk; mjprpakhFk;. rpiy tzf;fthjpfs;> %jhijahpd;
ghijiaf; fz;%bj;jdkhfg; gpd;gw;wpatHfs;> ,dr; rz;ilfSf;Fj; J}gkpl;ltHfs;> kdpj
fz;zpaj;jpw;Ff; Fop Njhz;batHfs;> tPzhf ,uj;jk; rpe;jpatHfs; - Mfpa midtUk; ,];yhk;
kw;Wk; K`k;kj; egp (]y;) mtHfspd; jiyikapy; kpfr; rpwe;j xOf;f rPyHfsha; - xd;Wgl;l
kf;fsha; ,ize;jdH. Md;kPf> xOf;f epiyapd; cr;rfl;l ghpkhzj;ij ,];yhk; mtHfs; Kd; jpwe;J
fhl;baJ. rpwg;G kw;Wk; ngUikf;F mbg;gilahf xOf;fj;ij kl;LNk nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd
mwptpj;jjd; thapyhf kdpj khz;gpd; vy;iyia ,];yhk; njhl;Lf; fhl;baJ. kdpj ,ay;G ve;jf;
fhyj;jpYk; khwhj jd;ikAilaJ. kdpj ,ay;Gf;Nfw;w mbg;gil tpjpfisAk; jj;Jtq;fisAk; $wp r
%f> fyhr;rhu> Md;kPf> tzpfj; Jiwfis nrOikg;gLj;Jtjhy; ,];yhk; vy;yhf; fhyj;jpw;Fk;
nghUe;Jk; mwnewpaha; tpsq;FfpwJ.
etPd fhy K];ypky;yhj mwpQHfs; rpyH ,];yhj;ijg; gw;wpj; njhptpj;Js;s fUj;Jf;fs; ,q;Nf
njhFj;Jj; jug;gl;Ls;sd.
xJq;fpr; nry;Yk; JwT kdg;ghd;ikf;Fg; gjpyhf gpur;idfisj; Jzpr;rYld; re;jpf;Fk;
kNdhghtj;ij ,];yhk; cUthf;fpaJ. mbikfSf;F ek;gpf;ifiaAk; kdpj Fyj;jpw;F rNfhjuj;Jtj;ijAk;
mspj;J kdpj ,ay;gpd; mbg;gilj; jd;ikia mq;fPfhpj;jJ. Canon Taylor, Paper read before the
Church Congress at Walver hamton, oct 7, 1887, Quoted by Arnod in The Preaching of
Islam. P.P.71-72.
,];yhk; Njhw;Wtpj;j cd;dj kuGfspy; xd;W ePjp kw;Wk; epaha czHthFk;. FHMid ehd;
Ma;e;J gbj;j NghJ mJ mwpTWj;jpa Gul;rpfukhd nfhs;iffs;>  ntw;W Qhdkhf my;yhky;>
tho;tpd; eilKiw Nghjidahf eilKiw tho;Tf;F ,irthdjhf> KO cyfpw;Fk; nghUe;jf; $bajhf
,Ug;gijf; fz;Nld;. Sarojini Naidu, Lectures on “The ideals of Islam” see Speeches and
Writings of Sarojini Naidu, Madras 1918, p.167.
ntw;wp nfhs;sg;gl;l kf;fs; kPJ ths;Kidapy; ,];yhj;ij K];ypk; ntwpaHfs; jpzpj;jdH vd;gJ rpy
rhpj;jpu MrphpaHfs; kpfr; rhJHakhf kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; nrhy;yp te;j nra;jpahFk;. Mdhy;
,e;jf; fUj;Njh - fw;gidNa MFk;. mJTk; mgj;jf; fw;gidNa MFk;. De Lacy O’Leary, Islam
at the Crossroads, London. 1923. p.8.
Mdhy; ,];yhk; kdpj Fyj;Jf;F ,d;DNkhH Nritapid Mw;w Ntz;bAs;sJ. Inuhg;ghit tpl fpof;F
ehLfSf;F kpf mUfpy; ,];yhk; epw;fpwJ. ,dq;fSf;fpilapyhd xw;Wikf;Fk; xUikg;ghl;bw;Fk;
,];yhk; XH mOj;jkhd gpd;dzpiaf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. gy;NtWgl;l ,dq;fisr; rhHe;j kf;fis xd;wpizj;J
mtHfSf;F rk me;j];J rk tha;g;G Kaw;rpfSf;fhd rk chpik toq;Ftjpy; ,];yhkpar; r%fk; fz;Ls;s
ntw;wpf;F ,izahd rhjidia NtW ve;jr; r%fKk; ngw;wpUf;ftpy;iy. kuGfSf;fpilapy; ,zf;fj;ij
Vw;gLj;Jk; typik ,d;wk; ,];yhj;jplk; ,Uf;fpwJ. fpof;fpYk; Nkw;fpYk; ,d;W Nkhjpf;
nfhz;bUf;Fk; ngUk; r%fq;fs; xw;Wikia - xj;Jiog;Gf;fhd #o;epiyia Vw;gLj;j tpUk;gpdhy;
mjw;F ,];yhk; kpfr; rpwe;j fUtpahf - jtpHf;f Kbahj topKiwahf ,Ug;gij mtHfs; fhz;ghHfs;.
Inuhg;ghTf;Fk; fpof;F ehLfSf;Fk; ,ilapyhd cwtpy; Vw;gl;Ls;s midj;Jg;
gpur;idfSf;Fk; ,];yhj;jpd; fuq;fspy; jPHTfs; cz;L. me;j ,UngUk; r%fq;fSk; xd;W gl;lhy;
mikjpahd #o;epiy cUthFk; tha;g;Gfs; gd;klq;F ngUfptpLk;. ,e;jr; rhjid Ghpa ,];yhj;jpd;
cjtpiag; Gwf;fzpj;J> mjw;F tpNuhjkhd Nghf;fpid Nkw;nfhz;lhy; ,UtUf;FNk mopT jhd;
epr;rak;. H.A.R. Gibb, whither Islam. London, 1932, p.379.
ehk; K`k;kjpd; rkaj;ij kpf caHe;j epiyapy; kjpf;fpd;Nwd;. Vnddpy; ,];yhj;jpd; tpaf;fj;jf;f
Mw;wy;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. fhy khw;wq;fisj; jd;Ds; ,izj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; Mw;wiyg; ngw;Ws;s>
NkYk; xt;nthU Afj;jpd; kf;fisAk; <Hf;Fk; jd;ikiaf; nfhz;Ls;s xNj khHf;fk; ,J xd;W jhd;
vd vdf;Fj; Njhd;WfpwJ. ehd; ,e;j mjpra kdpjH gw;wpg; gbj;jpUf;fpd;Nwd;. ,tH
fpwp];JTf;F tpNuhjkhdtuy;yH vd;gNj vd; fUj;J. K`k;kij kdpj Fy kPl;ghsH vd;Nw
fz;bg;ghf miof;f Ntz;Lk;. mtiug; Nghd;w kdpjHfs; etPd cyfpd; rHthjpfhhpahf
mkUthNuahdhy; ,d;W Njitg;gLk; mikjp kw;Wk; kfpo;it mspj;jpLk; tifapy; gpur;idfSf;Fj;
jPHT fhz;gjpy; ntw;wp ngWthH. ,d;iwa Inuhg;ghTk; K`k;kjpd; khHf;fj;ij Vw;Wf;
nfhs;Sk; vd ehd; Kd;dwptpg;Gr; nra;fpNwd;. G.B.Shaw, the Genuine Islam, vol.1,
No.81936.
K];ypk;fSf;fpilapy; ,d czHTfs; ,y;yhky; nra;jpUg;gJ ,];yhj;jpd; khngUk; rhjidahFk;.
vdNt ,];yhj;jpd; ,e;jr; rpwg;Gfisg; gutyhf;FtJ ,d;iwa cyfpd; mtrpaj; NjitahFk;.
A.J.Toynbee, Civilization of Trail, New York, 1948, p.205.
,];yhj;jpd; vOr;rp kdpj Fy tuyhw;wpy; kpf tpaf;fj;jf;f epfo;r;rpahf tpsq;FfpwJ. kpfTk;
gpd;jq;fpa - mty epiyapypUe;j xU ehl;ilr; NrHe;j kf;fsplkpUe;J Gwg;gl;l ,e;j vOr;rp xU
E}w;whz;bw;Fs;NsNa G+kpapd; ghjp epyg;gug;gpw;Fk; mjpfkhfg; gutp tpl;lJ.
ve;j msT EZf;fkhd ,jd; tsHr;rpia ehk; Muha;fpd;NwhNkh me;j msTf;F mrhjhuzkha; mJ
ekf;Fj; Njhd;Wfpd;wJ. ,ju ngUk; kjq;fspd; epiy vd;d? mit kpf nkJthfNt gutpd. mjw;fk;
fLk; Nghuhl;lk; Njitg;gl;lJ. ,Wjpapy; typik tha;e;j kd;dHfspd; Jiz nfhz;Nl mit ntw;wp
ngw;wd. fhd;];lhd;ild; Jiz nfhz;L jhd; fpwp];Jt kjk; jioj;jJ. mNrhfhpd; Jiz Gj;jkjk;
NkNyhq;fpaJ. iru]{f;Fg; gpwf jhd; n[uh];l;hpadp]k; ngUfpaJ. xt;nthUtUk; jhk;
NjHe;njLj;Jf; nfhz;l kj <Lghl;Lf;fhf Ml;rpajpfhuj;ij mspj;jdH. Mdhy; ,];yhj;jpd; epiy
mt;thwy;y. tuyhw;wpy; ,jw;F Kd; ve;jg; rpwg;Gk; ngw;wpuhj ehNlhbfsha;g;
ghiytdq;fspy; rpjwp tho;e;j kf;fspilNa mJ Njhd;wpaJ. kpff; Fiwthd Ms;gyj;ijf; nfhz;bUe;j
NghjpYk; typik kpFe;j cyfhaj rf;jpfspd; vjpHg;Gfs; ,Ue;j NghjpYk; mJ kpd;dy; Ntfj;jpy;
gutj; njhlq;fpaJ. tpaf;fj;jf;f Kiwapy; mJ ntw;wpfis epiyehl;baJ. ,uz;L jiyKiwfSf;Fs;shfNt
kj;jpa Mrpa ghiytdj;jpypUe;J Mg;hpf;fg; ghiytdk; tiuapYk;> ,kaaj;jpypUe;J gaHeP];
tiuapYk; mJ gutp tpl;lJ. A.M.L.Stoddard. Quoted in. Islam – The Religion of All
Prophets, Begum Bawani Wakf, Karachi, Pakistan. p.56.
tuyhW kw;Wk; nrhy;yjpfhu hPjpapy; gue;Jgl;l tpsf;j;jpy; ghHj;jhy; ,];yhk; mbg;gilapy;
xU gFj;jwpT khHf;fk; vd;gJ tpsq;Fk;. rka ek;gpf;iffis fhuz fhhpa mbg;gilapy; tiuaWf;Fk;
mikg;ghf gFj;jwpT thjjj;ijf; nfhs;NthNkahdhy; mJ ,];yhj;jpw;Fg; nghUe;jp tUtijg;
ghHf;fyhk;. ,d;iwa K];ypk; rKjha tho;tpy; gytpjkhd %lek;gpf;iffs; CLUtpAs;sd vd;gij
kWg;gjw;fpy;iy. khfd;fis G+[pg;gjypUe;J n[gkhiy> jahj;Jf;fs; mzptJ tiu gytpjkhd
%lek;gpf;iffs; ,d;W K];ypk;fsplk; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. mit midj;Jk; K];ypk; rka ek;gpf;ifapy;
ntspapypUe;J Gfe;jitNa! mit vt;tsT CLUtpapUe;jhYk; mz;zyhH (]y;) mtHfspd;
mwpTiufspYk;> FHMdpd; xt;nthU thf;fpYk; mjd; mbg;gilj;  Jtf;fkhd Xhpiwf; nfhs;ifNa
kpfTk; mOj;jkhfTk; njspthfTk; J}a;ikahfTk; jdpj; jd;ikAlDk; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. NkYk; ,f;
nfhs;if kdpj cs;sj;jpy; Mokhfg; gjpf;Fk; msTf;F FHMDk; egpnkhopfSk; typik tha;e;jitahf
tpsq;Ffpd;wd. ,j;jifa cWjpiaAk; njspitAk; ,];yhkpa tl;lj;jpw;F ntspNa fhz;gJ mhpJ.
khHf;fj;jpd; mbg;gilf; nfhs;if kPJ nfhz;Ls;s ,j;jifag; gw;Wk; njspTk;> ghkuHfSk; vspjpy;
Ghpe;J nfhs;Sk; tifapy; mJ mike;jpUf;Fk; ghq;Fk;> mjidg; NgZgtHfs; jsuh MHtj;Jld;
nra;Ak; gpur;rhuj;jpdhy; Vw;gLk; jhf;fKk; K`k;kjpa khHf;fj;jpd; ntw;wp toptif nra;Ak;
rpy %y fhuzq;fshFk;. nfhs;ifia kpfj; Jy;ypakhf njspthf ,];yhk; vLj;Jiuf;fpwJ. vspjw;w -
fLikahd rkaf; fUj;Njhl;lq;fs; vijAk; mJ nfhz;bUf;ftpy;iy. ,jdhy; ghkukdpjDf;F Ghpaf;
$bajhAk; mJ ,Uf;fpwJ.
eilKiwapy; mJ Nfhbf;fzf;fhd kdpjHfspd; kdrhl;rpia <Hj;Jf; nfhz;Lk; ,Uf;fpwJ. Edward
Monetel. “Lapropagande”. Cretienne et ses Adversaires, Musulmans” Paris 1890 Quoted
by T.W.Arnold The Preaching of Islam, London 1913. PP.413-414.
,iwtDf;F mbgzpgtd; vDk; tifapy; vd;id ehd; K];ypkhff; fUjpdhYk; tof;fkhd nghUs;kugpy;
ehd; K];ypky;y. MdhYk; FhmdpYk; ,];yhkpaf; fz;Nzhl;lj;jpYk; fhzf;fpilf;Fk; ,iwAzHTr;
nra;jpfspypUe;J ehDk; Vida Nkw;Fyf mwpQHfSk; Vuhskhd gbg;gpidfisg; ngw
Ntz;bAs;sjhfNt ehd; ek;Gfpd;Nwd;. cyf kf;fs vjpHfhyj;jpy; xNu rkaj;ijj; NjHe;njLf;f
Ntz;Lkhdhy; mjw;F ,];yhk; Nghjpa tYthd mbg;gilfisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ vd cWjpahfr;
nrhy;yyhk;. W.Montgomery Watt, Islam and Christianity Today, London 1983, PIX.
,];yhj;ijAk; thisAk; ,izj;Jr; nrhy;yg;gLtij ,g;NghJ ve;jg; gFjpapYk; mbf;fb Nfl;f Kbtjpy;iy.
khHf;fj;jpy; vt;tpj epHg;ge;jKk; fpilahJ vDk; ,];yhkpaf; nfhs;if vy;NyhUf;Fk; njhpe;j
xd;W jhd;. cyfg; Gfo; ngw;w rhpj;jpu MrphpaH fpg;gd; $WfpwhH : kw;w kjq;fis ths;
typikahy; mopj;J tpLtJ jq;fs; kPJ tpjpf;fg;gl;l flikahf K`k;kjpaHfs; fUjpdH vd;W $WtJ
nghy;yhj Fw;wkhFk;.
me;jg; Gfo; ngw;w rhpj;jpu MrphpaH NkYk; $WfpwhH : fw;gidahy; mwpahikay;
vOk; ,e;jf; $w;iw jpUf;FHMd; typikahf kWf;fpwJ. fpwp];Jt topghLfSf;F rl;l hPjpahd>
gfpuq;fkhf mDkjp toq;fp rfpg;Gj; jd;ikAld; ele;J nfhz;l K];ypk; Ml;rpahsHfisAk; vz;zpg;
ghHf;f Ntz;Lk;. K`k;kjpd; tho;f;ifapy; fpilj;j ntw;wp ths; typikahy; ngwg;gl;ljy;y. xOf;f
typikahy; ngwg;gl;lNj! Prof. Ramakrishna Rao, Muhammad the Prophet of Islam. Page.4.
19 Mk; E}w;whz;bd; gpw;gFjpiar; rhHe;j Gfo; ngw;w ,e;Jkj mwpQuhd Rthkp
tpNtfhde;jH ,];yhjj;ijf; Fwpj;J jk; fUj;ij ,t;thW vOJfpwhH :
kw;w midj;J kjq;fis tpl mj;itjf; nfhs;if jq;fSf;F Kd;dNk mwpKfkhfpapUg;gjw;F ,e;Jf;fs;
ngUik milayhk;. MapDk; eilKiw mj;itjk; - mjhtJ khe;jHfs; midtiuAk; jk;ikg; Nghy;
rkkhdtH vd;W ghtpg;gJk;> mt;thNw ele;J nfhs;Sk; jd;ikAk; ,e;Jf;fs; kj;jpapy; mwNt
kyutpy;iiy. Mdhy; ,j;jifa rkj;Jtj;ij xU kjk; ghuhl;lj;jf;f mstpy; mZfpapUf;fpwnjd;why;>
mJ ,];yhk; kl;LNk vd;W ehd; mDgtg;G+Htkhff; $WfpNwd;.
ehd; mOj;jkhfr; nrhy;fpNwd;. eilKiwf;F ,irthd ,e;j ,];yhkpar; nray;ghbd;wp Ntjhe;j
fUj;Jf;fs; - mJ vt;tsT jhd; rpwg;ghdjhf ngUikf;Fhpajhf ,Ue;jhYk;> gue;J fplf;Fk;
kdpjFyj;Jf;F mJ gadw;wjhfNt mikAk;. Letters of Swami Vivekananda P.463.
,];yhk; vd;why; vd;d? ,d;iwf;F cyfpy; nray;gLk; xNu [dehaf newp vd;Nw ,];yhj;ij ehDk;
kw;w rpe;jidahsHfSk; fUJfpNwhk;. ehd; XH ,e;J. ,e;J rka ek;gpf;ifapy; Mo;e;j gw;W
nfhz;bUe;jhYk; ehd; ,jid ijhpakhfNt $WfpNwd;. kdpjFyk; xd;Nw vd;gJ ,e;J kjj;jpd;
mbg;gilj; jj;Jtkhf ,Ue;jhYk; mjid eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjpy; vdJ nrhe;j kjk; ntw;wp ngwtpy;iy.
,iwtd; Kd; kdpjHfs; midtUk; rkNk vDk; mbg;gilr; rpj;jhe;jj;ij
eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjpy; ,];yhj;jpd; nra;Kiwiag; Nghd;W Ntnwe;j kjKk; - mtw;wpd; kjf;
fUj;Njhl;lk; vJthapDk; rhpNa - filgpbf;ftpy;iy. njd; Mg;gphpf;fhtpd; NghaH ,dkf;fs;
gpur;id> M];jpNuypah my;yJ njd;mnkhpf;f ehLfs; my;yJ ,q;fpyhe;jpd; gy;NtW jug;gl;l ,d
kf;fspd; gpur;idfs; Nghd;W ,];yhj;jpy; vj;jifa ,dg; gpur;idfSk; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. Sir
C.P.Ramaswamy Iyer, Eastern Times, 22nd December, 1944.
njd;Mg;gphpf;fhtpy; cs;s INuhg;gpaHfs; ,];yhk; gutp tpLk; vd;W gag;gLtjhf rpyH
$wpdhHfs;. ,];yhk; ];ngapDf;F ehfhPfj;ijf; fw;Wj; je;jJ. nkhuhf;NfhTf;F xspiaf; nfhz;L
te;jJ. cyFf;Fr; rNfhjuj;Jtk; vDk; nfhs;ifiag; Nghjpj;jJ. njd; Mg;gphpf;fhtpy; cs;stHfs;
nts;is ,dj;jhUld; rk chpik Nfhuf; $Lk; vd;gjhy;> njd; Mg;gphpf;fhtpy; cs;s
INuhg;gpaHfs; ,];yhkpd; tUiff;fh mQ;RfpwhHfs;. mtHfs; ed;whfg; gag;glyhk;.
rNfhjuj;Jtk; vd;gJ ghtk; vd;why;> fWg;G epwj;jtHfSld; rkj;Jtj;jpw;fhf mtHfs; mQ;rpdhy;
me;j mr;rj;Jf;Ff; fhuzk; cz;L jhd;. Mahatma Gandhi Quoted in Muhammed The Prophet
of Islam : by Ramakrishna Rao, Page 8.
jpUf;FHMid XJtjpd; rpwg;Gk;> xOq;F KiwfSk;

cyfpy; gy r%fq;fSf;Fk; Ntjq;fs; mUsg;gl;ld. Mdhy; mr;r%fq;fs; jkJ Ntjq;fisj; njhiyj;J

tpl;ld. Mdhy; K`k;kJ (]y;) mtHfSf;F mUsg;gl;l jpUkiw my;-FHMd; ,d;W tiu vJtpj
khw;wj;Jf;Fk; cl;glhJ KOikahfg; ghJfhf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjid mopf;fNth> khw;wNth vtuhYk;
KbahJ. Vnddpy; mJ ,d;W tiu gy;yhapuf;fzf;fhd kdpj kdq;fspy; ghJfhf;fg;gl;L tUfpd;wJ. ,J
my;-FHMDf;NfAupa rpwg;gk;rkhFk;. NkYk; my;yh`; jhNd mjidg; ghJfhg;gjhfTk;
thf;fUspAs;shd;. my;-FHMid mfpyj;jhHf;F xU mUl;nfhilaha;> topghL nra;NthHf;F xU
fyq;fiu tpsf;fkha; my;yh`; ,wf;fpaUspAs;shd;.

,j;jifa rpwg;G tha;e;j jpUkiwia XJtjpd; rpwg;G Fwpj;J jpUkiwAk;> egpatHfspd; nghd;
nkhopfSk; mjpfkjpfk; typAWj;jpf; $Wfpd;wd. my;yh`; jpUkiwapy; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whd;:
vtHfs; my;yh`;tpd; Ntjj;ij XJfpd;whHfNsh> NkYk; njhOifia epiyehl;Lfpd;whHfNsh>
ehk; toq;fpatw;wpypUe;J kiwKfkhfTk;> ntspg;gilahfTk; nfhLf;fpd;whHfNsh mtHfs;
jpz;zkhf vd;iwf;Fk; mopahj xU tpahghuj;ijNa MjuT itf;fpwhHfs;. mtHfSf;Fupa ew;$ypia
mtd; KOikahff; nfhLg;ghd;. ,d;Dk; jd; mUspypUe;Jk; mtHfSf;F kpFjg; gLj;Jthd;.
epr;rakhf mtd; kpf kd;dpg;gtDk; ed;wpia Vw;Wf; nfhs;SgtDkhthd;. (35 : 29-30)

c];khd; (uyp) mtHfs; mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;: jhKk; FHMidf; fw;W> gpwUf;Fk; mjidf;

fw;Wf; nfhLg;gtHjhk; cq;fspy; rpwe;jtuhthH|vd egp (]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs;. (K];ypk;)

,g;D ckH (uyp) mtHfs; mwptpf;fpwhHfs;: xUtUf;F my;yh`; jpUf;FHMidf; (fw;Wf;)

nfhLj; jhd;. mjd; %yk; mtH ,uT-gfypy; epd;W tzq;fpdhH. ,d;ndhUtUf;F my;yh`;
nghUshjh uj;ij toq;fpdhd;. mjd; %yk; mtH ,uT-gfypy; ey;y topapy; nryT nra;fpwhH.
,e;j ,UtH tp~aj;jpyd;wp nghwhik nfhs;Sjy; vd;gJ ,y;iy| (Gfhup> K];ypk;). NkYk; mG+
ckhkh (uyp) tHfs; mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;: FHMid XJq;fs;. jpz;zkhf jd;id  Xjf; $batHfSf;F
kWik ehspy; mJ gupe;Jiu nra;af; $bajhf tUk;. (K];yp;k;)

egpatHfs; $wpdhHfs;: FHMid jpwikahff; fw;Wj;NjHe;jtH> ey;y fz;zpakpf;f vOj;jH

(kyf;F) fSld; ,Ug;ghH. vtH FHMid jpf;fpj; jpf;fp XJfpd;whNuh> NkYk; mtUf;F mJ
fbdkhfTk; ,Uf;fpd;wNjh mtUf;F ,ul;ilf; $yp cz;L| (Gfhup> K];ypk;). xU $yp Xjpajw;fhf.
kw;nwhd;W rpukj;Jld; mij Xjpajw;fhf. mg;Jy;yh`; gpd; k];T+j; (uyp) mtHfs;
mwptpf;fpd;whHfs;: vtH FHMdpypUe;J xNu xU vOj;ij XJfpd;whNuh mjw;fhf mtUf;F
xU ed;ik fpilf;fpd;wJ. me;j xU ed;ik mijg; Nghd;W gj;J ed;ikfshf mjpfupf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
myp/g;-yhk;-kPk; vd;gij ehd; xU vOj;J vd;W nrhy;y khl;Nld;. Mdhy; myp/g; xU vOj;J.
yhk; xU vOj;J. kPk; xU vOj;J|. (jpHkpjp)

jpUf; FHMd; XJtjpd; xOq;F Kiwfs;

my;yh`;Tf;fhf XJfpNwhk; vd;w J}a vz;zj;Jld; Xj Ntz;Lk;. my;yh`; $Wfpd;whd;: cq;f sJ

fPo;g;gbjiy my;yh`;Tf;Nf cupj;jhf;fpa tz;zk; mtid mioAq;fs;. (40 : 14)

ftdj;JlDk; kdXHikAlDk; Xj Ntz;Lk;. Vnddpy; FHMd; my;yh`;tpd; thf;fhFk;. Rj;jkhd

epiyapy; mjid Xj Ntz;Lk;. ,J my;yh`;tpd; Ntjj;jpw;F ehk; mspf;Fk; fz;zpakhFk;. vdNt
ngUe;Jlf;F Nghd;wtw;wpypUe;J Rj;jkhd epiyapy;jhd; mjid XjNtz;Lk;. mWtWg;ghd
,lq;fspy; FHMid XjyhfhJ. Vnddpy; ,J Nghd;w ,lq;fspy; jpUkiwia XJtJ fz;zpaf;
FiwthdjhFk;. NkYk; ky-[yk; fopg;gjw;fhf xJf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,lq;fspYk; FHMid XJjy; $lhJ.
fz;zpakpf;f FHMDf;F ,j;jifa ,lq;fs; xUNghJk; cfe;jitay;y.

jpUf;FHMid XJtjw;F Kd;ghf rgpf;fg;gl;l i~j;jhid tpl;Lk; my;yh`;tplk; ghJfhty; Njbf;

nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. my;yh`; $wpAs;shd;: ePH FHMid Xjj; njhlq;FtPuhapd; rgpf;fg;gl;l
i~j;jhid tpl;Lk; my;yh`;tplk; ghJfhg;Gf; NfhUtPuhf!. (16 : 98)

FHMid mofhd Kiwapy; uhfkpl;L Xj Ntz;Lk;.  [{igH gpd; Kj;,k; (uyp)  mtHfs; mwptpf;fp
whHfs;: egpatHfs; k/upg; njhOifapy; mj;J}H mj;jpahaj;ij Xjplf; Nfl;Nld;. egpatHfis tpl
mofpa FuYila xUtiu my;yJ mofhf XJgtiu ehd; Nfl;ljpy;iy|. (Gfhup> K];ypk;)

njhOgtH> J}q;FgtH Nghd;NwhUf;Fj; njhy;iy jUk; tz;zk; FuYaHj;jp XjyhfhJ. xUKiw egp
(]y;) mtHfs; ntspNa te;jhHfs;. mq;Nf kf;fs; FHMid rg;jkpl;L Xjpf; nfhz;bUe;jhHfs;. egp
(]y;) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs;: njhOgtH jd; ,iwtDld; nkJthf ciuahLfpwhH. vdNt vijf;nfhz;L
mtDld; ciuahLfpwhH vd;gijf; ftdpj;Jf; nfhs;sl;Lk;. NkYk; cq;fspy; xUtH kw;wtUf;F
,ilQ;ry; Vw;gLj;Jk; Kiwapy; FHMid rg;jkpl;L Xj Ntz;lhk;| (Kmj;jh). FHMid XJk;NghJ
epWj;jp> epjhdkhf Xj Ntz;Lk;. my;yh`; jpUkiwapy; $Wfpd;whd;: NkYk; FHMid
epWj;jp epjhdkhf XJtPuhf! (73 : 3). mj;NjhL jpUf;FHMid XJgtH ][;jh trdj;ijf; fle;J
nrd;why; ]{[_J nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

ah my;yh`;! cdJ Ntjj;ij cdf;F jpUg;jpaspf;fpd;w tifapy; XJfpd;w ghf;fpaj;ijj; je;jUs;thahf!

NkYk; FHMid vq;fSf;Fg; ghjfkhf md;wp rhjfkhf Mf;fp FHMid XJtjd; %yk; vq;fspd;
ed;ikfis mjpfupj;J me;j];ij caHj;Jthahf!