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Chapter 9 Test For Cord NOTES

The document discusses several tests that can be used to determine whether a series converges or diverges: 1) The nth term test examines the limit of the terms as n approaches infinity. If the limit is 0, the series converges, and if the limit is non-zero, the series diverges. 2) The ratio test examines the limit of the ratio of consecutive terms. Depending on if the limit is less than, equal to, or greater than 1, the test determines if the series converges or diverges. 3) Direct and limit comparison tests examine the behavior of a series relative to a convergent or divergent comparative series.

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216 views1 page

Chapter 9 Test For Cord NOTES

The document discusses several tests that can be used to determine whether a series converges or diverges: 1) The nth term test examines the limit of the terms as n approaches infinity. If the limit is 0, the series converges, and if the limit is non-zero, the series diverges. 2) The ratio test examines the limit of the ratio of consecutive terms. Depending on if the limit is less than, equal to, or greater than 1, the test determines if the series converges or diverges. 3) Direct and limit comparison tests examine the behavior of a series relative to a convergent or divergent comparative series.

Uploaded by

eperla
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tests For Convergence And Or Divergence

The nth Term Test Ratio Test Geometric

Consider an , if Consider an , if Consider a rn 1

n 1
an 1
i lim an 0, then lim L, then i if r 1,
n n an
the series diverges i if L 1, then series converges
a
ii lim an 0, then the series converges to S
n 1 r
there is no conclusion ii if L 1, then ii if r 1,
the series diverges series diverges
iii if L 1, then ??
Direct Comparison Limit Comparison Integral Test
Consider an , Suppose an 0, bn 0, Consider an
all terms non negative for all n N If an f n ,
an
i an converges if i if lim c, where f n is a
n bn
there is a convergent 0 c , then continuous, positive,
series cn such that an and bn both decreasing function
an cn for all n N, converge or both for all x N
for some integer N diverge N a positive int ,
an
ii an diverges if ii if lim 0 then an and
n bn n N

there is a divergent and bn converges, f x dx either


N

series dn such that then an converges both converge or


an
an dn for all n N, iii if lim both diverge
n bn
for some integer N and bn diverges,
then an diverges

p Series Alternating Series Alternating Series


1 n
Consider Consider 1 an Estimation
n 1 np n 0

n
i if p 1, then series converges if if 1 an
n 0
the series converges i each an is positive converges, then the
ii if p 1, then ii an an 1 for all truncation error of
the series diverges n N for some int N the nth partial sum
iii lim an 0 is less than an 1
n

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